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Use of Scientific Periodicals
D.J.URQUHART
In the United Kingdom it has been decided to plan a National Lending Library for Science and Technology, and it is intended that this library should take over from the Science Museum Library the general responsibility for providing a lending service to organizations in the United Kingdom. To obtain some data for this planning operation it was decided to analyse the issue records of serial publications of the Science Museum Library, which at present has the largest collection of scientific literature in the United Kingdom. The Science Museum Library is actually within the buildings of the Imperial College of Science and Technology (South Kensington, London, S.W.7), and functions, in practice, as the main library of that college. The library has a reading room which is open to the public, and it lends to the staff of the Science Museum and the Imperial College, and to over 1200 outside organizations. These include universities and colleges, industrial organizations, research organizations, and government departments.
At present the library is receiving about 10,000 current serials. In all, it contains some 430,000 volumes. The subjects covered include all the sub-divisions of the pure and applied sciences, with some restrictions in the clinical medicine field. About 80% of the total volume of receipts and issues are serial publications.
The records examined were the counterfoils of issue forms for literature returned to the shelves from the reading room or from borrowers during 1956. An unknown number of these forms may have been lost, but the missing forms would probably amount only to a few per cent., and they are likely to have been a random selection of the total.
The primary object of the analysis was to provide data for planning purposes. It was hoped, for instance, that the data would answer such questions as (a) which serials are so heavily used that they must be held by the National Lending Library, (b) what back runs of serials should be collected, (c) which serials should be duplicated or bound in parts, (d) which serials are so little used that one copy either in the future Science Museum Library or the National
D.J.URQUHART Lending Library Unit, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, London, England.
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Lending Library should be sufficient. However, as this survey of actual use of scientific serials is probably the largest which has ever been made, it was thought that a general account of the results would be of interest.
The analysis was made by punching a Hollerith card for each item issued from the shelves. This gave (a) the shelf mark of the serial (this is unaffected by a change of title); this was added to the counterfoils where necessary; (b) the type of user: A, borrower in the Science Museum or Imperial College (i.e., “internal loans”), B, other borrowers (i.e., “external loans”), C, reader in the Science Museum Library’s reading room; (c) the date of publication of the item used where given. In all, 87,255 cards were punched, and they were divided up as follows:
A
Loans to Science Museum and Imperial College
2,255
B
Loans to other borrowers
53,216
C
Issues in the reading room
27,161
4623 (5.3%) of the forms were rejected, mainly because they did not give the publication date of the item issued. The remainder were sorted by date, and this gave the results shown in Table I.
TABLE I
Publication date
A
Internal loans
B
External loans
C
Reading room issues
Total
1857–1899
50
665
420
1,135
1900–1909
39
562
412
1,013
1910–1919
43
801
568
1,412
1920–1929
177
2,073
1,474
3,724
1930–1939
417
6,284
4,104
10,805
1940–1949
459
10,013
6,596
17,068
1950–1954
600
14,518
8,723
23,841
1955–1956
470
18,300
4,864
23,634
Total
2,255
53,216
27,161a
82,632
a Owing to the methods by which the forms were selected two copies of the same reading room issue form may have been punched on some occasions. This has not happened in more than 10% of cases, and will not have affected the total number of periodicals used.
In interpreting these results the following should be noted:
The Science Museum Library lends in the main to organizations which have some library resources of their own.
The current volumes of some 500 periodicals are available on open access in the reading room.
The Science Museum Library does not lend reference publications such as abstract publications, and during 1956 the 1940 onwards volumes of 72 periodicals were on a non-loanable list. This list is given in Appendix A.
Binding operations during 1956 will have reduced the availability of material published during 1954.
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Whilst there is no Imperial College Library several of the departments of the college have their own libraries.
The analysis by serial shelf marks showed that, in all, 7064 serials were used.
The following details of the number of serials used are available:
Number of serials borrowed by the local staffs
1,063
Number of serials borrowed by others
5,632
Number of serials used in the reading room
3,518
Total number of serials used by all types of users where publication date was 1950 or afterwards
4,753
Total number of serials used by all types of users where publication date was 1949 or earlier
4,058
From the general point of view the most interesting figures relate to the loan issues to external organizations. Tables II to V illustrate the results obtained and make it possible to compare the number of issues from the Science Museum Library with the total number of holdings as given by the British Union Catalogue of Periodicals (BUCOP) for the main libraries in the United Kingdom.
TABLE II The 10 titles most frequently borrowed by external organizations
Issues
Titlea
Current holdings in BUCOP
382
Proceedings, Royal Society, A (Vol. 1, 1832−)
71
250
Journal of Physical Chemistry (Vol. 1, 1896−)
42
244
Philosophical Magazine (1789−)
54
240
Science (U. S.) (1883−)
55
223
Declassified documents, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (1946−)
—
223
Proceedings, Institution of Electrical Engineers (1872−)
51
200
Product Engineering (Vol. 2, 1931−)
11
198
Biochemical Journal (Vol. 1, 1906−)
81
184
Journal, Chemical Society (1849−)
86
181
Journal, Institution of Mechanical Engineers (1939−)
62
a Science Museum Library holdings are given in parentheses.
TABLE III A sample of 10 titles each borrowed 20 times by external organizations
Titlea
Current holdings in BUCOP
Proceedings, Institution of Civil Engineers (Vol. 1, 1952−)
52
Journal of Applied Mechanics (Vol. 2, 1935−)
26
Practitioner (Vol. 74, 1905−)
33
Archiv für Protistenkunde (Vol. 1, 1902−)
16
Rubber Journal (Vol. 68, 1924−)
14
Process (formerly Photogram) (Vols. 1–10, 46−)
9
Siemens-Zeitschrift (Jahrg. 9−, 1929−)
2
Bulletin, Research Council of Israel (Vol. 1, 1951−)
8
Annals of Human Genetics (Vol. 1, 1925−)
22
Bacteriological Reviews (Vol. 1, 1937−)
42
a Science Museum Library holdings are given in parentheses.
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TABLE IV A sample of 10 titles each borrowed twice by external organizations
Titlea
Current holdings in BUCOP
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (Vol. 3, 1955−)
—
Elektrowärme-Technik (Jahrg 6−; 1955−)
1
Medicine Monographs (1925 and 1930)
1
Television (1939, 1950−)
1
University of California publications in child development (Vol. 1, 1949−)
2
Proceedings, Cotteswold Naturalists Field Club (Vol. 12, 1896−)
15
Indian Journal of Radiology (Vol. 3, 1949−)
2
Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Vol. 1, 1941−)
6
Philippine Journal of Agriculture (Vol. 1, 1930−)
8
Journal, Mechanical Laboratory, Japan (European Language Edition) (Vol. 1, 1955−)
—
a Science Museum Library holdings are given in parentheses.
TABLE V A sample of 10 titles not used by external organizations
Titlea
Current holdings in BUCOP
Acta Astronomica (Warzawa—Series C, Vol. 5, 1953−)
4
Aquila Budapest (1929–38, 1943−)
5
Boletin, Casa do Dovro (Vol. 3, 1948−)
1
Bulletin Agricole-Haiti (Vol. 1, 1950−)
—
Hormone—Oss (Vol. 11, 1949−)
2
Journal des Observateurs (Vol. 1, 1915−)
—
Pig Farming (Vol. 1, 1953−)
1
Report, University of Washington, Engineering Experiment Station (Vol. 1, 1929−)
—
Revista Vinicola y de Agricultura (1935–36, 1948−)
1
Vestnik—Ceska Akademie ved a Umeni (Vol. 34, 1925−)
2
a Science Museum Library holdings are given in parentheses.
External organizations will naturally only borrow from the Science Museum Library scientific literature which they do not hold themselves, or which they cannot obtain from some more accessible collection. Thus the external loan demand on the library is, in general, only a residual demand, although many bodies may make a habit of always applying to this library first. Nevertheless, possibly because so many external organizations (some 1200) use the Science Museum Library, it appears from the examples in Tables II to V, and from Table VI, that the use of the copies of a serial in the library is a rough indication of its total use value in the United Kingdom. An analysis of the type of libraries which hold little used serials indicates that, in general, they are the general and not the special libraries. So that it is probable that, as a rule, the copy of the serial publication in the Science Museum Library is more used than a copy of the same serial elsewhere. However this may be, it is very-clear that it is not the abundance of sets of certain serials in other libraries which results in the Science Museum Library’s holdings of these serials being so little used.
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TABLE VI
Type of serial
Average number of current sets in BUCOPa
10 most frequently used (Table II)
57
Sample of 10 serials each used 20 times (Table III)
22.4
Sample of 10 serials each used twice (Table IV)
4.5
Sample of 10 serials not used (Table V)
2.3
a Only the titles located in BUCOP were used in obtaining average.
The number of titles, according to degree of use on external loans, is given in Table VII.
TABLE VII
Requisitions per title
Titles
100 or more
60
50–99
193
40–49
92
30–39
136
20–29
229
10–19
541
5−9
714
4
283
3
403
2
791
1
2,190
An analysis of the serial titles used showed that 2769 of them were not current according to the Hand List of Short Titles of Current Periodicals in the Science Library, Eighth Edition, 1956. This list contains references to 9120 serial publications, and 4821 of these were not used at all during 1956. The greater proportion of users would have been using, during 1956, the 1953 edition of the Hand List, which contains a smaller number of titles.
These figures do not necessarily mean that the Science Museum Library is collecting some 4821 serials which will never be used, but they do indicate that the demand for a large number of titles is very small. For instance, if the library contains 7500 serials, each of which is used on an average once every two years, we should expect to find in a particular year that of these, assuming random distribution of demand
Number of titles not used was
4,548
Number of titles used once was
2,274
Number of titles used twice was
568
Number of titles used thrice was
95
The total use of a periodical is not as useful a figure as the amount of use per year of publication. The number of titles for which the 1900–1909
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volumes were borrowed by external organizations 10 or more times was 9. The number of titles which were found with the same minimum degree of use in different periods is shown in Table VIII.
TABLE VIII Number of titles used once or more per year of publication by external borrowers
Period
Titles
1900–1909
9
1910–1919
14
1920–1929
40
1930–1939
158
1940–1949
258
1950–1954
872
Appendix B gives a list of the titles which were borrowed 10 or more times for any of the publication decades 1900–1949, and indicates the decades concerned.
This list should be of value to special libraries in the United Kingdom in indicating what serial literature published in the period 1900–1949 they should consider obtaining or retaining.
The average period of loan of a serial publication lent by the Science Museum Library is about 23 calendar days. Hence, a volume which is lent on an average once per year should be available on demand for 94% of the time.
Considerations such as these make it possible to determine what must be done regarding binding periodicals in parts, or duplicating copies to achieve any particular standard of service (e.g., a minimum of 90% available on demand for any title). The survey of the actual use data indicates that, as a rule, binding parts of periodicals separately in a light binding would be cheaper in providing an improved standard of service for frequently used serials than duplicating or triplicating. These considerations are, of course, based on the assumption that for any title and time since publication the demand for it is random, but has a given average value. This assumption has not been tested. Theoretically it would be possible to test the assumption by comparing the theoretical number of times material is on loan when required with the number found in practice, but this would involve more data regarding the state of the bindings and of the volumes per year than is immediately available on the punched cards used.
Conclusion
The primary purpose of this paper was to record the facts as far as they are available, and to leave to others the application of the data to the problems which face the users of science literature throughout the world.
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The analysis, however, confirms one general idea. Extensive use of scientific literature is confined to a small fraction of the total output. Even in a library which is designed to deal with the residual demand from libraries, about 1250 serials (or less than 10% of those available if the non-current serials are included) are sufficient to meet 80% of the demand for serial literature.
Indeed, the figures suggest that perhaps three-quarters of the current serials in the Science Museum Library are so little used that one loan copy of these serials somewhere in the United Kingdom should be sufficient to meet the needs of all users in the United Kingdom.
This analysis focuses attention on the old questions: (1) Is the small use of a large number of serials due to the low value of, or to ignorance about, their contents? (2) If it is ignorance, what can be done to eliminate it? (3) If the contents are designed only for a very small audience, should the papers continue to be published in the traditional way?
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author wishes to acknowledge the assistance which he has received from Mr. H.T.Pledge, the Keeper of the Science Museum Library, and his staff, and from the staff of the Hollerith Section at the National Physical Laboratory. He also wishes to stress that he is personally responsible for the interpretations of the data given.
APPENDIX A Science Museum Library: List of non-loanable periodicals
Acta Physicochimica U.R.S.S.
Analytical Chemistry
Angewandte Chemie
Annalen der Physik
Annales de physique
Annals, New York Academy of Sciences
Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry
Bell System Technical Journal
Berichte deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft
Bulletin, Académie des Sciences de l’U.R.S.S. (Izvestiya) (all series)
Bulletin, Société chimique de France
Canadian Journal of Botany
Canadian Journal of Chemistry
Canadian Journal of Medical Sciences
Canadian Journal of Physics
Canadian Journal of Research (all sections)
Canadian Journal of Technology
Canadian Journal of Zoology
Chemical and Engineering News
Chemical Engineering Progress
Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik
Chemische Berichte
Comptes rendus, académie des sciences (Paris)
Comptes rendus académie des sciences de l’U.R.S. S.
Doklady, Akademii Nauk SSSR
Electrical Engineering
Helvetica Chimica Acta
Helvetica Physica Acta
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (all editions)
Iron Age
Journal, Acoustical Society of America
Journal, American Chemical Society
Journal, Electrochemical Society
Journal, Franklin Institute
Journal, Optical Society of America
Journal of Applied Mechanics
Journal of Applied Physics
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Journal of Chemical Physics
Journal of Metals
Journal of Petroleum Technology
Journal of Research, National Bureau of Standards (U.S.)
Mechanical Engineering
Metals Technology
Mining Engineering
Mining Technology
Petroleum Technology
Physica
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Physical Review
Proceedings, Institute of Radio Engineers (New York)
Reports on Progress in Physics
Reports on the Progress of Applied Chemistry
Review of Scientific Instruments
Reviews of Modern Physics
Steel
Transactions, (American) Electrochemical Society
Transactions, American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Transactions, American Institute of Electrical Engineers
Transactions, American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers (all sections)
Transactions, American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Transactions, Institute of Radio Engineers (Professional groups) (New York)
V.D.I. Zeitschrift
Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie
Zeitschrift für Physik
Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie
Zhurnal analiticheskoĭ khimii (J. of Analytical Chemistry)
Zhurnal eksperimental’ noĭ i teoreticheskoĭ fiziki
(J. of Experimental and Theoretical Physics USSR)
Zhurnal fizicheskoĭ khimii (J. of Physical Chemistry USSR)
Zhurnal obshcheĭ khimii (J. of General Chemistry USSR)
Zhurnal prikladnoĭ khimii (J. of Applied Chemistry USSR)
Zhurnal tekhnicheskoĭ fiziki (J. of Technical Physics USSR)
APPENDIX B Science Museum Library: Titles borrowed ten or more times per decade, 1940–1949
Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1947
1940–49
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica Supplementa, 1940
1940–49
Agronomy Journal, 1932
1940–49
Air Conditioning, Heating, and Ventilating, 1929
1940–49
Aircraft Engineering, 1929
1930–49
American Dyestuff Reporter, 1925
1930–49
American Mineralogist, 1916
1930–39
American Naturalist, 1868
1940–49
American Journal of Botany, 1924
1940–49
American Journal of Hygiene, 1938
1940–49
American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health, 1932
1940–49
American Journal of Physics, 1933
1940–49
American Journal of Physiology, 1898
1930–49
American Journal of Roentgenology—Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine, 1930
1940–49
American Journal of Science, 1818
1910–49
American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1936
1940–49
Analyst (London), 1882
1930–49
Analytica Chimica Acta, 1947
1940–49
Anatomical Record, 1908
1930–49
Annalen der Chemie, 1832
1900–39
Annalen der Physik, 1848
1900−09, 1920−39★
Annales de chimie, 1789
1940–49
Annals of Applied Biology, 1914
1920–39
Annals of Botany, 1887
1920–29
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 1907
1940–49
Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 1930
1930–39
Archiv für das Eisenhuttenwesen, 1928–44; 1949–
1930–49
Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 1930
1930–39
Archiv für Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie, 1938
1940–49
Archiv für Protistenkunde, 1902
1930–39
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 1942
1940–49
Arkiv för Kemi, 1903
1940–49
ASTM Bulletin, 1928
1940–49
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
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Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Astrophysical Journal, 1895
1940–49
Audio Engineering, 1941
1940–49
Australasian Engineer, 1930
1940–49
Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science, 1924
1940–49
Australian Journal of Science, 1938
1940–49
Automobile Engineer, 1924
1940–49
Bell System Technical Journal, 1925
1930–49
Biochemical Journal, 1906
1920–49
Biochemische Zeitschrift, 1906
1920–49
Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory, 1900
1930–49
Biological Reviews, Cambridge Philosophical Society, 1925
1940–49
Biometrics, 1946
1940–49
Biometrika, 1902
1940–49
Botanical Gazette, 1875
1920–49
Botanical Review, 1935
1940–49
Botaniska Notiser, 1929
1940–49
British Journal of Experimental Pathology, 1929
1940–49
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 1944
1940–49
British Journal of Radiology, 1926
1940–49
British Plastics, 1930
1940–49
Brown Boverie Review, 1927
1940–49
Bulletin, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1917
1940–49
Bulletin, American Mathematical Society, 1927
1940–49
Bulletin, American Physical Society, 1937
1940–49
Bulletin, Association Suisse des Electriciens, 1928
1940–49
Bulletin, Bureau of Mines (U.S.A.) 1912
1930–39
Bulletin, Geological Society of America, 1925
1940–49
Bulletin, Société de chimie biologique, 1914
1940–49
Bulletin, Société chimique de France, 1858
1930–39★
Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 1939
1940–49
Canadian Chemical Processing, 1925
1940–49
Canadian Journal of Research, 1929
1930–39
Cereal Chemistry, 1932
1940–49
Chemical Engineering (New York), 1903
1930–49
Chemical Engineering Progress, 1908
1930–39★
Chemical Reviews, 1925
1930–49
Chemische Berichte, 1868–1943; 1947–
1900–09, 1920–29★
Chemische Weekblad, 1924
1940–49
Chemistry and Industry, 1882
1920–49
Chimie et industrie (Paris), 1918
1940–49
Civil Engineering (New York), 1931
1940–49
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 1933
1940–49
Comptes rendus académie des sciences (Paris), 1835
1900–39★
Comptes rendus des séances, société de biologie, 1917
1930–49
Comptes rendus des travaux, laboratoire Carlsberg, 1878
1940–49
Contributions from Boyce Thompson Institute, 1929
1940–49
Current Science, 1932
1940–49
Discussions, Faraday Society, 1947
1940–49
Ecology, 1920
1930–39
Economic Geology, 1906
1940–49
Electrical Engineering, 1934
1930–39★
Electrical Journal, 1878
1930–39
Electrical Review, London, 1872
1940–49
Electronics, 1933
1930–39
Electronic Engineering, 1928
1940–49
Endocrinology, 1918
1940–49
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
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Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Engineer, 1856
1930–49
Engineering, 1866
1910–19; 1930–49
Engineering News Record, 1922
1930–49
Escher Wyss News, 1928
1930–39
Experimentia, 1945
1940–49
Federation Proceedings (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology), 1942
1940–49
Food Industries, 1931
1940–49
Food Research, 1936
1940–49
Food Technology, 1947
1940–49
Forschung auf dem Gebiete des Ingenieurwesens, 1931–1940, 1943; 1949–
1930–39
Foundry Trade Journal, 1921
1940–49
Fuel, 1922
1940–49
General Electric Review, 1917
1920–49
Geological Magazine, 1864
1920–29
Glass Industry, 1928
1940–49
Growth, 1937
1940–49
Heating, Piping and Air Conditioning, 1929
1930–49
Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1918
1930–39★
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 1909
1920–39★
Industrial Chemist and Chemical Manufacturer, 1925
1940–49
Information Circular, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1926
1940–49
Ingenieur Archiv, 1930–44; 1949−
1930–39
Instrument Practice, 1946
1940–49
Instruments and Automation, 1928
1940–49
Iron Age, 1922
1930–39
Iron and Coal Trades Review, 1900
1940–49★
Iron and Steel, 1928
1940–49
Iron and Steel Engineer, 1924
1940–49
Journal, Acoustical Society of America, 1929
1930–39★
Journal, American Ceramic Society, 1918
1930–49
Journal, American Chemical Society, 1879
1900–1939
Journal, American Concrete Institute, 1929
1930–49
Journal, American Leather Chemists Association, 1924
1940–49★
Journal, American Medical Association, 1930
1940–49
Journal, American Oil Chemists’ Society, 1935
1940–49
Journal, American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition, 1929
1930–49
Journal, American Statistical Association, 1947
1940–49
Journal, American Water Works Association, 1924
1930–49
Journal, Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, 1920
1930–49
Journal, British Institution of Radio Engineers, 1939
1940–49
Journal, Chemical Society, 1849
1900–49
Journal, Council for Industrial and Scientific Research, Australia, 1927–48
1940–49
Journal, Franklin Institute, 1920
1930–39★
Journal, Indian Chemical Society, 1924
1930–49
Journal, Institute of Fuel, 1926
1930–49
Journal, Institute of Metals, 1909
1940–49
Journal, Institute of Petroleum, 1915
1940–49
Journal, Institution of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, 1933
1930–49
Journal, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1939
1920–49
Journal, Iron and Steel Institute, 1871
1940–49
Journal, Oil and Colour Chemists’ Association, 1918
1940–49
Journal, Optical Society of America, 1922
1930–39★
Journal, Royal Aeronautical Society, 1897
1940–49
Journal, Royal Statistical Society Series B, Methodological, 1936
1940–49
Journal, Scientific Research Institute (Tokyo), 1928
1940–49
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
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Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Journal, Society of Dyers and Colourists, 1885
1940–49
Journal, Society of Glass Technology, 1917
1930–49
Journal, Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 1916
1930–49
Journal, Textile Institute, 1910
1940–49
Journal, Washington Academy of Sciences, 1911
1940–49
Journal of Agricultural Science, 1905
1930–49
Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1935
1930–39
Journal of Applied Physics, 1931
1930–39★
Journal of Bacteriology, 1924
1930–49
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1905
1910–39★
Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology, 1932
1930–49
Journal of Chemical Education, 1924
1930–49
Journal of Chemical Physics, 1933
1930–39★
Journal de chimie physique et de physico-chimie biologique, 1903
1940–49
Journal of Colloid Science, 1946
1940–49
Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1891
1930–49
Journal of Dairy Research, 1932
1930–49
Journal of Dairy Science, 1929
1940–49
Journal of Economic Entomology, 1908
1940–49
Journal of Experimental Biology, 1923
1940–49
Journal of Experimental Zoology, 1904
1910–19, 1930–39
Journal of General Physiology, 1919
1920–29; 1940–49
Journal of Geology, 1893
1930–49
Journal of Hygiene, 1901
1930–39
Journal of Immunology, 1940
1940–49
Journal of Industrial Hygiene, 1929–49
1930–49
Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 1936
1940–49
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1937
1930–49
Journal of Mathematics and Physics, 1922
1930–49
Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, 1893
1930–39
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1936
1930–49
Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1896
1920–49
Journal of Physiology, 1878
1920–49
Journal of Polymer Science, 1946
1940–49
Journal of Research, National Bureau of Standards (U.S.A.), 1929
1920–39★
Journal of Nutrition, 1929
1930–49
Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1942
1940–49
Journal of Scientific Instruments, 1924
1930–49
Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1932
1940–49
Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences, 1934
1940–49
Kolloid Zeitschrift, 1906
1930–49
Light Metals, 1938
1940–49
Lubrication Engineering, 1935
1940–49
Machine Design, 1932
1940–49
Machinery (London), 1918
1940–49
Machinery (New York), 1925
1940–49
Materials and Methods, 1930
1930–49
Mechanical Engineering, 1920
1930–39★
Mechanical Handling, 1891
1940–49
Mechanical World and Engineering Record, 1881
1940–49
Meddelanden, Sveriges Kemiska Industrikontor, 1931
1940–49
Metal Finishing, 1927
1940–49
Metal Industry (London), 1911
1940–49
Metal Progress, 1930
1940–49
Metal Working Production, 1900
1940–49
Metallurgia, 1929
1940–49
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
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Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Mikrochemie, 1938–53
1930–49
Modern Plastics, 1932
1940–49
Mycologia, 1909
1940–49
Nature (London), 1870
1930–49
Naturwissenschaften, 1927–44; 1948–
1930–49
New England Journal of Medicine, 1938
1940–49
New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology, 1918
1940–49
Non-Destructive Testing, 1943
1940–49
Nucleonics, 1947
1940–49
Oil and Gas Journal, 1926
1930–49
Paint Manufacture, 1931
1940–49
Paint, Oil and Chemical Review, 1934
1940–49
Paper Industry, 1932
1940–49
Paper Trade Journal, 1924
1930–49
Petroleum Engineer, 1932
1940–49
Petroleum Refiner, 1925
1940–49
Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae, 1936
1940–49
Philips Research Reports, 1945
1940–49
Philips Technical Review, 1936
1940–49
Philosophical Magazine, 1789
1900–49
Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society A, 1667
1900–19, 1930–49
Philosophy of Science, 1934
1940–49
Photographic Journal, 1854
1940–49
Physica, 1933
1930–39★
Physical Review, 1894
1910–39★
Physikalische Zeitschrift, 1899–1945
1930–39
Physiological Reviews, 1933
1940–49
Phytopathology, 1911
1910–49
Plant Physiology, 1927
1930–49
Planta, 1926
1930–39
Plating, 1934
1940–49
Poultry Science, 1933
1940–49
Power, 1892
1940–49
Power Engineering, 1936
1940–49
Proceedings, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1846
1920–29
Proceedings, American Elearoplaters Society, 1947
1940–49
Proceedings, American Gas Association, 1923
1940–49
Proceedings, American Philosophical Society, 1840
1940–49
Proceedings, American Society for Horticultural Science, 1949
1940–49
Proceedings, American Society for Testing Materials, 1923
1930–49
Proceedings, Cambridge Philosophical Society, 1925
1930–49
Proceedings, Geologists Association, 1865
1940–49
Proceedings, Helminthological Society of Washington, 1934
1940–49
Proceedings, Highway Research Board, U.S.A., 1929
1940–49
Proceedings, Indian Academy of Sciences, 1935
1930–49
Proceedings, Institute of Radio Engineers (New York), 1913
1930–39★
Proceedings, Institution of Civil Engineers, 1922
1940–49
Proceedings, Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1872
1930–49
Proceedings, London Mathematical Society, 1866
1930–39
Proceedings, National Academy of Sciences, U.S., 1915
1920–49
Proceedings, National Electronics Conference, 1945
1940–49
Proceedings, Physical Society, 1876
1910–49
Proceedings, Royal Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, 1899
1930–39
Proceedings, Royal Society A, 1832
1910–49
Proceedings, Royal Society B, 1832
1920–49
Proceedings, Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1929
1930–49
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
OCR for page 299
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Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Proceedings, Society for Experimental Stress Analysis, 1943
1940–49
Proceedings, Soil Science, Society of America, 1937
1940–49
Product Engineering, 1931
1940–49
Products Finishing (Cincinnati), 1937–42; 1945–
1940–49
Protoplasma, 1927
1930–39
Public Health Reports, U.S., 1924
1940–49
Pulp and Paper Magazine of Canada, 1936
1940–49
Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, 1948
1940–49
Quarterly of Applied Mathematics, 1943
1940–49
Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 1853
1940–49
Quarterly Journal, Royal Meteorological Society, 1873
1940–49
R.C.A. Review, 1937
1940–49
Radio Engineering, 1930–49
1930–49
Radiology, 1933
1940–49
Receuil des travaux chimiques des Pays Bas, 1882
1930–49
Refrigerating Engineering, 1939
1930–49
Report of Investigations, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1920
1930–49
Reports and Memoranda, Aeronautical Research Council, 1909–
1920–49
Review of Scientific Instruments, 1930
1930–39★
Reviews of Modern Physics, 1929
1930–39★
Revue Scientifique, 1863
1940–49
Rock Products, 1931
1940–49
Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 1932
1940–49
SAE Journal, 1924
1930–49
Science (U.S.), 1883
1920–49
Soap and Chemical Specialities, 1932
1940–49
Soil Science, 1916
1920–49
Stain Technology, 1927
1940–49
Steel Processing, 1926
1940–49
Structural Engineer, 1930
1940–49
TAPPI, 1920
1940–49
Transactions, American Electrochemical Society, 1909–49
1930–39★
Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 1922
1940–49
Transactions, American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1885–1951
1920–39
Transactions, American Institute of Mining Engineers, 1873–1949
1930–39
Transactions, American Microscopical Society, 1924
1930–39
Transactions, American Society for Metals, 1925
1930–49
Transactions, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1897
1940–49
Transactions, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1897
1930–39★
Transactions, British Ceramic Society, 1902
1940–49
Transactions, British Mycological Society, 1897
1940–49
Transactions, Faraday Society, 1905
1920–49
Transactions, Illuminating Engineering Society, 1936
1940–49
Transactions, Institute of Metal Finishing, 1926
1940–49
Transactions, Institution of Chemical Engineers, 1923
1930–49
Transactions, Institution of Gas Engineers, 1903
1930–39
Transactions, Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1935–40; 1947–
1930–39
Transactions, North East Coast Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders, 1885
1940–49
Transactions, Royal Society of Canada, 3rd Series, 1924
1930–39
Textile Research Journal, 1932
1940–49
VDI Forschungsheft, 1931–1940; 1949–
1930–39
Welding Journal (New York), 1922
1940–49
Wireless Engineer, 1923
1930–49
Wireless World, 1914
1930–49
Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie, 1862
1930–39★
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, 1929–1943; 1948–
1930–39
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
OCR for page 300
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Title
Years for which periodical was borrowed ten or more times per decade
Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 1892
1920–39★
Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie, 1894
1920–49
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 1877
1930–39★
Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung, 1898
1930–39
Zeitschrift für Metallkunde, 1911
1940–49
Zeitschrift für mikroskopisch-anatomische Forschung, 1924–39; 1950–
1930–39
Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Okologie der Tiere, 1924
1930–39
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, A Astrophysik, Physik, physikalische Chemie, 1946
1940–49
Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde, 1929–1939; 1949–
1930–39
Zeitschrift für Physik, 1920
1920–39★
Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie, 1887–1944; 1950–
1900–09, 1920–39★
Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie, 1877
1930–39
Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie, 1924
1930–39
Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und mikroskopische Anatomie, 1924–44; 1949–
1930–39
★Indicates title appearing also in Appendix A.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
museum library
