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Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health (2004)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)
Board on Children, Youth and Families (BOCYF)

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. "Appendix C: Selected Indicators from National Children's Data Syntheses." Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.

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Children’s Health, The Nation’s Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health

Measure/Indicator

Age

Frequency Measured

Level

Hazardous air pollutants: percentage of children living in counties where at least one hazardous air pollutant concentration was greater than a health benchmark

Children ≤ 18 yrs

1990

County

Environmental tobacco smoke: percentage of homes with children under 7 in which someone smokes on a regular basis

Children < 7 yrs

1994, 1996, 1999 (total of 10 target years)

National—based on national survey

Drinking water standards: percentage of children served by public water systems that exceeded a maximum contaminant level or violated a treatment standard

Children ≤ 18 yrs

Annually: 1993–1998

Nationala

Nitrates and nitrites: percentage of children living in areas served by public water systems in which the nitrate/nitrite standard was exceeded

Children ≤ 18 yrs

Annually: 1993–1998

Nationala

Monitoring and reporting: percentage of children living in areas with major violations of drinking water monitoring and reporting requirements

Children ≤ 18 yrs

Annually: 1993–1998

Nationala

Pesticide residues in foods: percentage of fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, and processed foods with detectable pesticide residues

 

Annually: 1993–1998

Nationala

Hazardous waste sites (1): percentage of children living in counties with Superfund sites

Children ≤ 18 yrs

Every 2 years: 1990–2000

County

Hazardous waste sites (2): percentage of children living in counties that had Superfund sites in 1990

Children ≤ 18 yrs

Every 2 years: 1990–2000

County

Concentrations of lead in blood (1): average concentrations of lead in blood for children 5 and under

Children ≤ 5 yrs

1976–1980, 1988–1991, 1992–1994

Nationala

Concentrations of lead in blood (2): percentage of children ages 1–5 with concentrations of lead in blood greater than 10 micrograms per deciliter

Children 1–5 yrs

1992–1994

Nationala

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