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Appendix J Personnel Trends in the Russian Academy of Sciences Number of Scientists by Degree 1991 2001 Doctors of science 7,976 9,307 Candidates of science 29,810 26,415 Other scientists 27,651 17,998 Average Age of Scientists 1991 2000 Academicians 68.2 70.0 Corresponding members 62.7 64.5 Doctors 55.4 58.3 Candidates 45.5 48.5 Other 38.4 40.2 University Graduates Accepted by Academy Institutes 1991 1994 1997 2001 2,130 1,136 1,894 2,273 Graduate Students at Academy Institutes 1991 2000 Total 6,141 7,601 Affiliated with industry 3,477 6,012 133
134 APPENDIX J Pay Levels Compared with Those of Other Sectors (academy is 100) 1991 2000 Other scientific institutions 110 120 Industry 210 125 Construction 240 160 Overall economy 175 100 Use of Budgetary Resources Fundamental research 73.8% Applied research 14.2% Development 12.0% Source: Rossiskaya Akademiya Nauk 1991â2001 (2002).