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PAPERBACK price:$35.00 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources PDF Report Brief PDF SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies--A Focus on Hydrogen Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership:Third Report Other Related Titles The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs (2004) National Academy of Engineering (NAE) Board on Energy and Environmental Systems (BEES) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager . "Appendix H: Useful Conversions and Thermodynamic Properties." The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004. Please select a format: Page 240   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Appendix H Useful Conversions and Thermodynamic Properties TABLE H-1 Conversion Factors metric ton (tonne) = 1000 kg = 1.1023 short tons Btu = 1055 J quad = 1015 Btu = 1.055 EJ liter = 0.2642 gallons U.S. cubic meter (m3) = 35.31 cubic feet conversions for hydrogen: 1 million scf/day = 2.65 short tons/day 1 kg = 11.13 N-m3 (0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere) 1 kg = 415.6 scf (60 degrees Fahrenheit and 1 atmosphere) NOTE: scf = standard cubic feet; Btu = British thermal unit; EJ = exajoule = 1018 joules; N-m3 = normal cubic meter; kg = kilogram. TABLE H-2 Thermodynamic Properties of Chemicals of Interest Parameter Value Hydrogen HHV (ΔH) –286 kJ/mol Hydrogen LHV (ΔH) –242 kJ/mol Methane gross heat of combustion HHV (ΔHc) –891 kJ/mol Energy content of 1 kg hydrogen 141.9 MJ (HHV) = 39.4 kWh 120.1 MJ (LHV) = 33.3 kWh of 1 N-m3 hydrogen 12.7 MJ (HHV) of 1 pound of hydrogen 64.4 MJ (HHV) = 61.0 kBtu of 1 gallon gasoline 121.3 MJ (LHV); 115,000 Btu (LHV) NOTE: HHV = higher heating value; LHV = lower heating value; ΔH = enthalpy; J = joule; Btu = British thermal unit; M = million; k = thousand; mol = mole; N-m3 = normal cubic meter; kWh = kilowatt hour. SOURCE: NIST (2003), except DOE (2003f) for gasoline data. Page 240 Front Matter (R1-R16) Executive Summary (1-7) 1. Introduction (8-10) 2. A Framework for Thinking About the Hydrogen Economy (11-24) 3. The Demand Side: Hydrogen End-Use Technologies (25-36) 4. Transportation, Distribution, and Storage of Hydrogen (37-44) 5. Supply Chains for Hydrogen and Estimated Costs of Hydrogen Supply (45-63) 6. Implications of a Transitionto Hydrogen in Vehicles for the U.S. Energy System (64-83) 7. Carbon Capture and Storage (84-90) 8. Hydrogen Production Technologies (91-105) 9. Crosscutting Issues (106-115) 10. Major Messages of the Report (116-122) References (123-126) Appendix A: Biographies of Committee Members (127-132) Appendix B: Letter Report (133-136) Appendix C: DOE Hydrogen Program Budget (137-138) Appendix D: Presentations and Committee Meetings (139-140) Appendix E: Spreadsheet Data from Hydrogen Supply Chain Cost Analyses (141-193) Appendix F: U.S. Energy Systems (194-197) Appendix G: Hydrogen Production Technologies: Additional Discussion (198-239) Appendix H: Useful Conversions and Thermodynamic Properties (240-240)

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The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs Appendix H Useful Conversions and Thermodynamic Properties TABLE H-1 Conversion Factors metric ton (tonne) = 1000 kg = 1.1023 short tons Btu = 1055 J quad = 1015 Btu = 1.055 EJ liter = 0.2642 gallons U.S. cubic meter (m3) = 35.31 cubic feet conversions for hydrogen: 1 million scf/day = 2.65 short tons/day 1 kg = 11.13 N-m3 (0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere) 1 kg = 415.6 scf (60 degrees Fahrenheit and 1 atmosphere) NOTE: scf = standard cubic feet; Btu = British thermal unit; EJ = exajoule = 1018 joules; N-m3 = normal cubic meter; kg = kilogram. TABLE H-2 Thermodynamic Properties of Chemicals of Interest Parameter Value Hydrogen HHV (ΔH) –286 kJ/mol Hydrogen LHV (ΔH) –242 kJ/mol Methane gross heat of combustion HHV (ΔHc) –891 kJ/mol Energy content of 1 kg hydrogen 141.9 MJ (HHV) = 39.4 kWh 120.1 MJ (LHV) = 33.3 kWh of 1 N-m3 hydrogen 12.7 MJ (HHV) of 1 pound of hydrogen 64.4 MJ (HHV) = 61.0 kBtu of 1 gallon gasoline 121.3 MJ (LHV); 115,000 Btu (LHV) NOTE: HHV = higher heating value; LHV = lower heating value; ΔH = enthalpy; J = joule; Btu = British thermal unit; M = million; k = thousand; mol = mole; N-m3 = normal cubic meter; kWh = kilowatt hour. SOURCE: NIST (2003), except DOE (2003f) for gasoline data.

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british thermal