Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate (2005)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

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. "6 Sodium and Chloride." Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005.

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

TABLE 6-20 Epidemiological Studies on the Effect of Sodium Intake on Calcium Excretion, Bone Mineral Density, and Kidney Stones

Reference	Study Design^a	Effect^b
Urinary calcium excretion
Short et al., 1988	12 men and women on 4 levels of Na and constant Ca	+
	3-d planned diet
Nordin et al., 1993	220 women	+
Itoh and Suyama, 1996	Randomized population survey	+
Itoh and Suyama, 1996	410 men, 476 women
Dawson-Hughes et al., 1996	Cross-sectional	+
Dawson-Hughes et al., 1996	249 men, 665 women
Bone density
Greendale et al., 1994	Longitudinal	NS
Greendale et al., 1994	258 women, 169 men
Matkovic et al., 1995	Cross-sectional	+
Matkovic et al., 1995	381 women
Devine et al., 1995	Longitudinal	+
Devine et al., 1995	124 women
Jones et al., 1997	Population-based study	NS
Jones et al., 1997	34 men, 120 women
Kidney stones
Burtis et al., 1994	124 subjects	+
Burtis et al., 1994	1,000 mg Ca and defined diet or 1,000 mg Ca and usual diet
Curhan et al., 1997	Prospective cohort	+
Curhan et al., 1997	903,849 subjects