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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate
blood pressure, 234
Body Mass Index, 483
bone mass, peak, 32
bone mineral density, 234
cardiovascular disease, 234
dietary intakes, 86 , 307-308 , 309 , 320
energy metabolism, 32 , 386
extrapolation of data to infants and children, 45 , 233 , 386
extrapolation of data to older adults, 45
heat stress, 307
insulin resistance, 307
kidney stones, 234
lactation, 153 , 316
lipid levels, 308
physical activity, 103 , 154-155 , 308 , 540-545
potassium, 32 , 191 , 225 , 226 , 228 , 234-235 , 245 , 249 , 323 , 530-531
pregnancy, 152 , 316
pulmonary function, 225
renal function, 148
sodium and chloride, 11 , 32 , 148 , 234 , 270 , 271 , 276 , 281-282 , 307-310 , 316 , 320 , 322 , 323 , 373 , 376-381 , 382-383 , 532-533
special considerations, 144 , 154-155 , 308
stroke, 234
sulfate, 428 , 433-436 , 440-441
supplements, 249
thermoregulation, 83
ULs, 249 , 373 , 386-381
urine osmolalities, 82
water, 5-6 , 75 , 82 , 83 , 86 , 87-88 , 90 , 92-93 , 103 , 144-147 , 148 , 153 , 154-155 , 157-158 , 159-160 , 161 , 528-529 , 540-545
weights and heights, reference, 482
Adults, ages 51 through 70+ years
ages 51 through 70 years, 32-33 , 150 , 528-533 , 540-545
ages 71 years and older, 32-33 , 150 , 528-533 , 540-545
AIs, 45-46 , 147-150 , 236-237 , 310-313
alcohol, 148
bioavailability of nutrients, 32
blood pressure, 46 , 237 , 311-312 , 380
cognitive function and motor control, 105-108
dehydration, 148 , 149
derivation of DRIs for, 32
diuretics, 299
energy expenditure, 33
energy intakes, 312
extrapolation of data from younger adults, 45-46 , 237 , 312
hyperinsulinemia, 236-237
hyperkalemia, 188 , 237
hypernatremia, 149
hypertension, 283
hyponatremia, 299
physical activity, 540-545
plasma renin activity, 283 , 311
potassium, 46 , 188 , 213 , 236-237 , 323 , 530-531
renal function, 32 , 99 , 147-149 , 236 , 310-312
reserve capacity and functioning, 32
salt sensitivity, 311
sodium and chloride, 11-12 , 45-46 , 148 , 270 , 271 , 280-281 , 283 , 299 , 301 , 310-313 , 323 , 381-382 , 380 , 381-382 , 532-533
stroke, 150 , 213
supplements
thirst, 149-150
ULs, 381-382
urine osmolalities, 82 , 147 , 149
water, 82 , 92-93 , 99 , 147-150 , 159-160 , 161 , 310 , 528-529 , 540-545
Adverse effects, 50-51 , 66 , 70 , 471
African Americans
blood pressure, 187 , 202-203 , 212 , 230-231 , 234 , 380 , 387 , 393
hydration of fat-free mass, 76-77
hypertension, 195-196 , 218 , 334-335 , 340-341 , 346 , 347
left ventricular hypertrophy, 366
plasma renin activity, 283 , 284-287
