Steps to Facilitate Principal-Investigator-Led Earth Science Missions (2004)

Kepler

Detecting extrasolar terrestrial planets

Oct 2007 Launch – D2925-10 Delta II

Single instrument:Photometer

Dawn

Asteroid flyby

May 2006 Launch –Delta 7529H Orbital Spacecraft with xenon ion propulsion

Framing Camera, Mapping Spectrometer, Gamma Ray and Neutron Spectrometer, Laser Altimeter, Magnetometer

Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER)

Mercury orbiter

2004 Launch – Delta II 7925H

Mercury Dual Imaging System, Gamma Ray and Neutron Spectrometer, Magnetometer, Mercury Laser Altimeter, Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer, Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer, X-Ray Spectrometer, Radio Science

Deep Impact

Comet impactor/flyby

Dec 2004 Launch – Delta II

High-Resolution Instrument, Medium-Resolution Instrument, Impactor Targeting Sensor

Genesis

Solar wind sample return to obtain precise measures of solar isotopic abundances

Aug 2001 Launch

Sample Collection Arrays

Comet Nucleus Tour (CONTOUR)

Multiple comet flyby (2)

Jul 2002 Launch – Boeing Delta

Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer, Remote Imaging Spectrograph, Dust Analyzer, Forward Imager

Stardust

Comet flyby sample return

Feb 1999 Launch – Delta II, 7425

Dust Flux Monitor, Cometary and Interstellar Dust Analyzer

Lunar Prospector

Moon orbiter/impactor

Jan 1998 Launch – Athena II (Lockheed Martin)

Gamma Ray Spectrometer, Neutron Spectrometer, Alpha Particle Spectrometer, Magnetometer, Electron Reflectrometer

Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR)

Asteroid orbiter

1996 Launch – Delta 2

Multi-Spectral Imager, NEAR Infrared Spectrometer, NEAR Laser Rangefinder, X-ray/Gamma Ray Spectrometer, Magnetometer

Ball Aerospace

PI – Bill Borucki (NASA Ames)

Discovery-4 (2002)

Formulation phase

JPL, Orbital

PI – Chris Russell (UCLA)

Discovery-4 (2002)

Formulation phase

JHU Applied Physics Laboratory, GenCorp Aerojet, Composite Optics, NASA GSFC, U.Colo., U.Mich.

PI – Sean Solomon (Carnegie Institution of Washington)

Discovery--3

Formulation phase

U. Md., JPL, Ball Aerospace

PI – Mike A’Hearn (U. Md.)

Discovery-3

Critical design review, Jan 2002; now in 34-month implementation phase

JPL, NASA JSC, Lockheed Martin, LANL

PI – Don Burnett (Caltech)

Discovery-2

Operating

Rockwell Science, Cincinnati Elec.APL:incorporation of spacecraft maindeck and frame

PI – Joe Veverka (Cornell U.)

Discovery--2

Lost contact with spacecraft following orbital maneuver on August 15, 2002

JPL, Lockheed Martin, Max-Planck-Institut, NASA Ames, NASA JSC, U.Chicago

PI – Donald Brownlee (U.Wash.);

Deputy PI – P..Tsou (JPL)

Discovery-1

Operating

NASA Ames, Lockheed Martin, Lunar Research Institute

PI – Alan Binder (Lunar Research Institute)

Discovery--1

Mission completed

JHU/APL, JPL, Cornell U., MIT, U.Md., U.Ariz., SW Research Inst., Malin Space Science Systems, Inc.

Program Executive –Anthony Carro (NASA HQ)

Discovery-0 (noncompetitive)

Mission completed Feb 2001

Swift Gamma Ray Burst Explorer

Observe gamma-ray bursts

2003 Launch– Delta 7320

Burst Alert Telescope, X-Ray Telescope, Ultraviolet and Optical Telescope

Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer (FAME)

Astrometry

2004 Launch –Delta 7425

Astrometric Telescope

Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP)

Map the temperature fluctuations of the CMB radiation

2001 Launch – Delta II-7425-10

High Electron Mobility Transistor

Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE)

Image Earth ’s magnetosphere

Mar 2000 Launch – Boeing Delta II 7326-9.5

Neutral Atom Imagers, Far-Ultraviolet Imaging System, Extreme Ultraviolet Imager, Radio Plasma Imager, Central Instrument Data Processor

Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)

Make far-ultraviolet observations of hydrogen and deuterium

Jun 1999 Launch – Delta 7320-10

Far-Ultraviolet Spectrograph

Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI)

Explore basic physics of particle acceleration and explosive energy release in solar flares

Feb 2002 Launch –Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL, L1011 aircraft Feb 2002 Launch

Imaging Telescope Assembly, Grid Tray and Grids, Spectrometer, Attenuators

Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX)

Study star formation history of the universe

Mar 2003 Launch –Pegasus XL

Single Instrument with 2 UV Microchannel Plate Detectors

Wide Field Infrared Explorer (WIRE)

Obtain infrared astronomy

Mar 1998 Launch –Pegasus XL

Cryogenically Cooled 30-cm Ritchey-Chretien Telescope

Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE)

Obtain high-resolution solar imagers

Apr 1998 Launch –Pegasus XL

TRACE Imaging Telescope

Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS)

Detect chemical composition of interstellar gas clouds

Dec 1998 Launch –Pegasus XL

Submillimeter Telescope

Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer (FAST)

Investigate plasma physics of auroral phenomena

Aug 1996 Launch – Pegasus XL

16 Electrostatic Analyzers, 4 Langmuir Probes on 30-m Booms, 2 Langmuir Probes on 3-m Booms, Searchcoil and Fluxgate Magnetometers, Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer

Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX)

Measure elemental and isotopic composition of solar energy particles and cosmic rays

Jul 1992 Launch –Scout

High-Energy Particle Detectors

NASA GSFC, Penn.State U., Leicester U., Brera Observatory, Mullard Space Science Lab., Spectrum Astro, Inc.

PI – Neal Gehrels (NASA GSFC)

MIDEX 98

Implementation phase

U.S.Naval Observatory, Lockheed Martin, Naval Research Laboratory, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

PI – Ken Johnston (U.S.Naval Observatory)

MIDEX 98

Rescoped in Phase B;; canceled in 2002

NRAO, Lockheed Martin, Litton, UCLA

PI – Charles Bennett (NASA GSFC)

MIDEX 95

Operating

JHU, NASA GSFC, Canadian Space Agency, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiale, U.Colo., UC Berkeley

PI – Warren Moos (JHU)

Pre--MIDEX

Operating

UC Berkeley, Paul Scherrer Institute, NASA GSFC, Spectrum Astro, Inc.

PI – Robert Lin (UC Berkeley)

SMEX 97

Operating

Caltech, JPL, Orbital Sciences

PI – Chris Martin (Caltech)

SMEX 97

Implementation phase

Caltech Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, Vanguard Research, Inc., JPL, NASA GSFC, Cornell U., Ball Aerospace

PI – Perry Hacking (JPL)

SMEX 94

Failed during on--orbit commission

NASA GSFC, Lockheed Martin

PI – Alan Title (Lockheed Martin)

SMEX 94

Operating

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, NASA GSFC, Ball Aerospace

PI – Gary Melnick (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics)

SMEX 89

Operating

Lockheed Martin., UC Berkeley, U.N.H., LANL, NASA GSFC

PI – Charles Carlson (UC Berkeley)

SMEX 89

Operating

U.Md., Caltech, NASA GSFC, Aerospace Corp., NASA LaRC, Max-Planck-Inst. for Extraterrestrial Research

PI – Glenn Mason (U.Md.)

SMEX 89

Operating

Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)

Measure time variations of Earth gravity

Mar 2002 Launch

Microwave Ranging Sensors

Vegetation Canopy Lidar (VCL)

Provide first global inventory of vertical structure of forests

Originally Spring 2000

Multi-Beam Laser Altimeter from NASA GSFC

Chemistry and Circulation Occultation Spectroscopy Mission (CCOSM)

Understand how atmospheric circulation controls the evolution of trace gases, aerosols, and pollutants

N.A.

Fourier Transform Spectrometer

Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO), formerly Pathfinder Instrument for Cloud and Aerosol Spaceborne Observation – Climatologie Etendue des Nuages et des Aerosols (PICASSO–CENA)

Measure aerosol and cloud properties to improve climate predictions

Mar 2005 Launch –Delta 7420-10C (co-manifested with CloudSat), PROTEUS spacecraft (Alcatel)

Lidar (nadir-viewing, 2-wavelength, polarization sensitive), Visible Wide-Field Camera, Imaging Infrared Radiometer

CloudSat

Measure cloud profiles

2004 Launch –Delta 7420-10 launch vehicle, Ball RS2000 spacecraft bus

94-GHz Cloud Profiling Radar

Volcanic Ash Mapper (VOLCAM)

Monitor volcanic clouds and aerosols from geostationary orbit

Piggyback on spacecraft and flight of opportunity

Ultraviolet and Infrared Detectors

Aquarius

Globally map salt concentration on ocean surface

Launch date TBD

3 Polarimetric Radiometers, 1 Polarimetric Scatterometer

Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)

Make global measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide

Launch date TBD –Taurus 2110 launch vehicle, Orbital LEOStar 2 spacecraft

3 Grating Spectrometers

Hydrosphere State Mission (HYDROS)

Monitor soil moisture,land surface freeze/thaw conditions

2006 Launch –Taurus 2110 launch vehicle, Spectrum Astro SA-200HP Spacecraft

L Band Radar/Radiometer

JPL, Space Systems/Loral, U.Tex., Eurockot

PI – Byron Tapley (U.Tex.)

ESSP--1

Operating

Lab.Terrestrial Physics, U.Md., Omicron, Orbital, Raytheon, Swales, NASA GSFC

PI – Ralph Dubayah (U.Md.)

ESSP--1

Descoped to technology development program; canceled in 2003

Lockheed Martin, Spectrum Astro, Inc., JPL

PI – Michael Prather (UC Irvine)

ESSP--1 Alternate

Not continued as alternate

NASA LaRC, Ball Aerospace, Hampton U., Centre National d ’Etudes Spatiales, Institut Pierre Simon LaPlace

PI – Dave Winker (NASA LaRC)

ESSP--2

Implementation phase

USAF, Colo.State U., JPL, Ball Aerospace

PI – Graeme Stephens (Colo.State U.)

ESSP--2

Implementation phase

Ball Aerospace, Raytheon STX Corp., FAA, NOAA, USGS, Smithsonian Institution

PI – Arlin Krueger (NASA GSFC)

ESSP--2 Alternate

Not continued as alternate

NASA GSFC, Argentine space program; >17 university, corporate, and international partners

PI – Chester Koblinsky (NASA GSFC)

ESSP--3

Formulation phase

JPL, Hamilton Sunstrand, Orbital Sciences; >19 university, corporate, and international partners

PI – David Crisp (JPL)

ESSP--3

Formulation phase

MIT, JPL, NASA GSFC, Spectrum Astro, Inc.

PI – Dara Entekhabi (MIT)

ESSP--3 Alternate

Formulation phase

Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE)

Measure solar irradiance

2002 Launch –Pegasus XL

Total Irradiance Monitor, Solar Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment, Spectral Irradiance Monitor, and Extreme Ultraviolet Photometer System

Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS)

Perform all-sky spectroscopy of diffuse UV background

Jan 2003 Launch –Delta II secondary (with ICESat)

Spectrograph

Tomographic Experiment using Radiative Recombinative Ionospheric EUV and Radio Sources (TERRIERS)

Model electron density and photo emissive components

May 1996 Launch –Pegasus XL

5 Tomographic Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrographs, Gas Ionization Solar Spectral Monitor, 2 Photometers

Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE )

Measure effects of energy from the Sun and from the magnetosphere on the density of nitric oxide

Feb 1998 Launch –Pegasus XL

UV Spectrometer,Auroral Photometer, Solar X-Ray Photometer

High Energy Transient Explorer (HETE)-2

Analyze gamma-ray bursts

Oct 2000 Launch –Standard Pegasus

Gamma Ray Telescope, Wide-field X-ray Monitor, Soft X-ray Camera

Triana

Monitor Earth’s energy balance, diurnal changes, solar wind, space weather

Launch date TBD –Space Shuttle, S/C Type – SMEX--Lite

Scripps Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera, Advanced Radiometer Package, Plasma Magnetometer

U. Colo., Orbital, NASA GSFC

PI – Gary Rottman (U. Colo. LASP)

1999 consolidation of two EOS PI missions: SOLSTICE and TSIM (SOLSTICE: AO-88-OSSA-1 selected 2/1989; TSIM: AO-97-MTPE-01 selected 2/1999)

Implementation phase

UC Berkeley, SpaceDev, Inc.

PI – Mark Hurwitz (UC Berkeley)

UNEX

Operating

Boston U., NRL, MIT, U. Ill., Aero Astro, Inc.

PI – Daniel Cotton (Boston U.)

STEDI 1995

Failed during on-orbit commission

U.Colo.LASP, USRA, NASA, Ball Aerospace, Orbital, NCAR, NASA GSFC

PI – Charles Barth (U.Colo.)

STEDI 1995

Operating

MIT, LANL, France ’s CNES and CESR, Japan ’s RIKEN

PI – George Ricker (MIT)

1997

Operating

Scripps Inst., NASA GSFC, Lockheed Martin, Ball Aerospace/NIST

PI – Francisco P..J.Valero (Scripps Inst.of Oceanography)

1998

In storage awaiting opportunity for launch