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Appendix A:
Present Organizational
Structure
A.1 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is organizationally structured into four
programmatic Divisions: the National Mapping Division, Geologic Division,
Water Resources Division, and Conservation Division; two program-support
Divisions: the Administrative Division and Computer Center Division; and
two programmatic offices under the Office of the Director: the Office of Na-
tural Petroleum Reserve in Alaska and the Office of Earth Science Applica-
tions.
The National Mapping Division was organized during fiscal year 1980 to
consolidate mapping, charting, geodesy, and surveying programs and activi-
ties of the Geological Survey from the former Topographic Division, the
former Publications Division, and the former Geography Program (of the
Office of Earth Science Applications). In support of the USGS mission to
provide information about the earth and its physical resources, the National
Mapping Division provides geographic and cartographic information, maps,
and technical assistance and conducts related research responsive to national
needs. To accomplish this mission, the Division collects, compiles, and
analyzes information about natural and man-made features on the earth's
surface and documents changes as appropriate; produces and maintains series
of accurate and up-to-date general-purpose base maps and thematic maps such
as land-use/land-cover maps; develops and maintains a digital geographic-car-
tographic data base for multipurpose needs and assists Survey divisions and
other federal and state agencies in developing and applying spatial data;
54
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56 FEDERAL SURVEYING AND MAPPING: ORGANIZATIONAL REVIEW
TABLE A.1 National Mapping Division Budget Figures for Fiscal Year 1980
Funding
Program Element Positions ($ Thousands)
Primary quadrangle mapping and
modernization 1092
Map revision and orthophotoquads 375
Digital mapping 32
Small-scale, intermediate-scale, and
special mappmg
Cartographic and geographic
information and data services 26
185
38,341
14,288
2,627
14,453
3,058
TOTALSa 1710 72,767
aThese figures do not include positions and funding associated with the former Publica-
tions Division.
conducts geographic, cartographic, and reproduction research utilizing mod-
ern technology and equipment; provides thematic mapping support to Survey
divisions and other federal agencies; prints topographic, geologic, hydrologic,
land-use, and other thematic maps; and operates information and technical
assistance centers that gather, index, analyze, and catalog geographic and
cartographic information. The Division also makes available maps, imagery,
spatial data, and related information; provides assistance in selecting, acquir-
ing, and using geographic and cartographic products; and designs, prints, and
distributes maps of the National Atlas. It coordinates federal mapping activi-
ties and provides leadership in the development and advancement of suney-
ing and mapping technology.
Table A.1 gives fiscal year 1980 budget figures for personnel and funding
for the National Mapping Division.
A.2 NATIONAL OCEAN SURVEY
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is managed
from a structure that comprises five main-line components including the Of-
fice of Oceanic and Atmospheric Services. The Office of National Geodetic
Survey (NGS) is one of five basic functional offices of the National Ocean
Survey (NOS) within the structure of Oceanic and Atmospheric Services.
The NOS program activities and responsibilities comprise mapping, chart-
ing, and surveying services and operations of the NOAA fleet and ship bases.
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
mapping agency
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58 FEDERAL SURVEYING AND MAPPING: ORGANIZATIONAL REVIEW
TABLE A.2 Nation Ocean Survey Budget Figures for Fiscal Year 1980
.
Funding
Office Positions ($ Thousands)
Geodetic Surveys and Services 339 13,236
Nauticad Charting Services 404 15,695
Ocean and Coastal Mapping 220 10,468
Aeronautical Chart Services 464 21,577
Fleet Operationsa 887 42,951
TOTALS 2314 $103,927
aIncludes support for all NOAA components; in particular, National Ocean Survey,
Environmental Researc1' Laboratories, National Fisheries Service, and National Weather
Service.
These program activities are responsive to NOAA missions, which include
providing for the following:
1. Charts and related information for safe navigation of marine and air
commerce;
2. Ocean and coastal surveys and maps;
3. Marine resource assessment, monitoring, and prediction;
4. Marine ecosystem investigations, analysis, and ocean dumping;
5. Ocean and coastal management, conservation, and protection;
6. Geodetic surveys and services;
7. Public forecast and warning services; and
8. Supporting research, development, and engineering.
The NOS program response to the NOAA mission is funded and managed
under (1) Geodetic Surveys and Services, (2) Nautical Charting Services, (3)
Ocean and Coastal Mapping, (4) Aeronautical Charting Services, and (5) Fleet
Operations, as shown in Table A.2.
Table A.2 gives the fiscal year 1980 budget figures for personnel and fund-
ing for the National Ocean Survey.
A.3 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
The cadastral survey organization of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
is responsible for the legal boundary surveys required by the federal govern-
ment. There are three general classifications of surveys conducted by the
BEM: (1) the initial surveys of the federal public lands to create boundaries
that may be used for the management and sale of public lands, including the
1
Bureau of Land Management
Division of Cadastral Survey
Di rector
BLM
Services Denver Service
Center
l l Cadastral l
Technical Science & Survey Technical
Services Technology Examination & Services
~ Approval ~
Cadastral Survey and Cadastral Cadastral
Survey Mapping Survey Survey
Mapping &
| Training l
1 1 1
State District
Directors Offices
Engineering Project Office Field Survey
Photogrammetry Denver Center Cartography Portland
Center
1 1 ' 1
Field Office Cadastral
Survey
59
11,
Field Office
60 FEDERAL SURVEYING AND MAPPING: ORGANIZATIONAL REVIEW
Outer Continental Shelf (OCS); (2) the maintenance of the Public Land Sur-
vey System (PUSS), with resurveys and remonumentation of the original sur-
veys; and (3) the boundary surveys required by the BLM and other federal
agencies to delineate management tracts within the public lands or between
federal and nonfederal lands (administrative surveys).
The Cadastral Survey organization is divided into three general groups:
1. Division of Cadastral Survey in Washington, D.C., including the Division
Chief and a small staff that reports through channels to the Director of BEM
and is responsible for program development, technical development, public
liaison, and technical guidance.
2. State offices (12) that report through channels to the State Director
and are responsible for the Cadastral surveys within their area, including origi-
nal surveys, resurveys, and some reimbursable surveys for other agencies.
Each state office develops its program, conducts the field surveys, and proc-
esses the information in accordance with prescribed standards and policies.
The state office is usually responsible for the preparation, filing, and main-
tenance of the official Cadastral records within its area.
3. Service Center Offices in Denver, Colorado, and Portland, Oregon, that
report through channels to the Director of the Denver Service Center and are
responsible primarily for the Cadastral surveys required by other federal agen-
cies. The program management responsibilities are similar to the state organi-
zations. In addition to the surveys described above, the Denver Service Center
reviews and approves the survey plats, prepares the ocs protraction diagrams,
and conducts personnel training and development programs.
During 1980 the Cadastral survey organization had 373 permanent posi-
tions (Division of Cadastral Survey, 12; State Offices, 253; and Service Cen-
ter, 108), and expenditures totaled $17.8 million.
A.4 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
As provided for in the National Space Act of 1958, The National Aeronautics
and Space Administration (NASA) has the responsibility to conduct scientific
research in space for the benefit of mankind. Studies of the earth from space
and of the earth as a planet are within the purview of the responsibilities as-
signed by the Act. In fulfillment of these responsibilities and to support other
efforts having need of geodetic information, such as satellite orbit computa-
tion, NASA has pursued an active research program in the development and
application of space techniques for the accomplishment of geodetic measure-
ments.
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62 FEDERAL SURVEYING AND MAPPING: ORGANIZATIONAL REVIEW
NASA is administered from a structure that comprises six program offices,
which, supported by the various staff offices, manage the activities of eleven
field installations. All geodetic, geodynamic, and earth-related geophysical
research activities are managed through the Office of Space and Terrestrial
Applications (OSTA). OSTA is supported by the Office of Space Tracking
and Data Systems for data acquisition and initial processing, by the Office
of Aeronautics and Space Technology for common Supporting Research and
Technology, by the Office of Space Science for Spacelab-associated missions,
and by the Office of Space Transportation Operations for Shuttle-associated
missions.
In August 1962, in viewofNASA'sresponsibilitiesforinternationalcoop-
eration in the field of space sciences, Congress directed the Agency to imple-
ment a National Geodetic Satellite Program to meet the needs of all inter-
ested parties, scientific and military. This program was initially coordinated
by the Geodetic Satellite Policy Board chaired by NASA with members from
the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis-
tration and the Department of Defense/Defense Mapping Agency. In 1978, it
was reconstituted as the Satellite Geodesy Applications Board (SCAB) with
the same mission and participants.
Within OSTA, the Resource Observation Division has primary responsi-
bility for the conduct of the geodetic, geodynamic, and solid-earth geophysics
programs. The three branches (Geodynamics, Renewable Resources, and Non-
Renewable Resources) work closely in developing spaceborne and ground-
based sensors for measuring and monitoring the earth's magnetic and geo-
potential fields, as well as small-scale motions (centimeters/year displacement
and deformation) of the global tectonic plates. Coordination is also effected
with the Oceanic Processes Branch of the Environmental Observations Divi-
sion on research related to the earth geoid and geopotential model as affected
by ocean circulation.
In addition to the SCAB coordination, NASA has initiated extensive inter-
agency and international coordination of its space-related crustal dynamics
and gravity field measurement programs.
Funding for geodetic-related space activities in fiscal year 1981 is approxi-
mately $90 million; the staff comprises approximately 50 civil servants.
A.S DEFENSE MAPPING AGENCY
The Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) is responsible for providing mapping,
charting, and geodetic (MC&G) support to the Department of Defense. In ad-
dition, the DMA has statutory responsibility for providing nautical charts and
marine navigation data for the use of all vessels of the United States and of
navigators generally.
; . ;
Appendix A
TABLE A.3 The Defense Mappmg Agency Budget Figures for
Fiscal Year 1980
63
Funding
Component Positions ($ Thousands)
HQ DMA 189 $ 29,862a
Aerospace Center 3655 121,434
Hydrographic/Topographic Center 3828 128,566
Office of Distribution Services 452 14,630
Inter-Amencan Geodetic Survey 163 7,303
Defense Mapping School 196 2,697
TOTAL 8483 $304,492
aIncludes $20,012 in research and development funds to support all DMA activities.
The DMA was created in 1972, as the result of a Presidential decision, to
achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness through consolidation of the
MC&G elements then assigned to the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Hydro-
graphic surveys remained with Navy and topographic troop units with the
Amity and the Marines, but these activities are under DMA program manage-
ment.
The DMA is organized into a Headquarters and five Components: the
Aerospace and Hydrographic/Topographic Centers carry out the production
mission; the Office of Distribution Services stores and distributes all DMA
maps and charts; the Inter-American Geodetic Survey provides technical sup-
port to cooperating Latin American countries as a means of meeting U.S. na-
tional security needs; and the Defense Mapping School trains military person-
nel in MC&G subjects. DMA personnel are assigned at a total of 59 locations
worldwide. The fiscal year 1980 personnel and funding levels are given in
Table A.3.
Defense Mapping Agency
Headquarters
Aerospace Hydrographic/ Distribution Inter Defense
Center Topographic Services American Mapping
Center Geodetic Survey School
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