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Append ix C
Persons, Groups, and Companies from whom the Committee
Obtained or Sought Information
In the course of its study, the Committee on Motor Vehicle
Emissions obtained and sought out information from a wide range of
sources in the United States and abroad. As previously reported (in
the Corr~nittee's January 1972 Report), an initial invitation was extended
to the public to submit information and comments in September 1971 (this
invitation was later published by EPA in the Federal Register: 36 F.R.
23092~. A follow-up invitation was sent by the Committee on June 28,
1972, to 31 individuals and environmental groups known, on the basis
of their participation in EPA hearings, to have a special interest in
the subject. A copy of this letter appears below, following a listing
of those persons, groups, and companies from whom information was ob-
:ained during 1972.
Aerojet Liquid Rocket Company
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (Houdry Division)
Air Quality and Automobile Emissions Conference
American Cyanamid Company
American Lava Corporation
American Motors Corporation
American Oil Company
American Petroleum Institute Research Section
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Versteerkte Kunststoffe
Arizona State Department of Health
Arvin Company
Atlantic-Richfield
Aud i NSU Mo torenwerke
Austin Too 1 Company
Automobile Manufacturers A ssociation
Bendix Corporation
BICERI, Ltd.
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British Leyland Motors Corporation, Ltd.
British Railway Technical Center
California Air Resources Board
Carter Carburetor Company
Caterpillar Tractor Company
CAV, Joseph Lucas, Ltd.
CGE Marcoussis Laboratory
Champion Spark Plug
Chemische Werke Huels
Chrysler Corporation
Citroen
Clayton Manufacturing Company
Compagnie General Electrique
Comotor
Corning Glass Works
Cummins Engine Company, Inc.
Curtiss-Wright Corporation
Daimler-Benz A.G.
Degussa
Detroit Diesel
Deutsch Automobilgesellschaft
Dresser Industries
E. I. duPont deNemours & Company
Electricity Research Center
Electrochemical Society
Engelhard Chemical and Minerals Corporation
Environmental Protection Agency
Erren, Rudolph A.
Esso Research and Engineering
Ethyl Corporation
Fach~erband Kohlechemie und Petrochemie
Fiat, S.p.A.
Ford Motor Company
Garrett AiResearch
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General Electric Corporation
Genera 1 Motors Corpora tion
Gould, Inc.
Gulf Research and Development Company
Hamming and Dickinson
Halley Carburetor
Honda Motor Company, Ltd.
Humble Oil Company
Imperial Chemical Industries
Institute fur Kunststoff VerArbeitung
International Harvester, Inc.
International Materials Corporation
Isuzu Motors, Ltd.
Japan Catalytic Chemical Company
Jersey-Alsthom
Jersey Enterprises
Johnson-Matthey, Ltd.
Kali-Chemie
Kinergetics, Inc. .
Kinetics Corporation
Krauss-Maffei A.G.
Lear Motors
Linde A.G.
M.A.N. (Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nuernberg, A.G.)
Matthey-Bishop
Mazda Dealerships
McCulloch Corporation
Mercedes Dealerships
MERDC
Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm G.m.b.H.
Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
Mobil Oil Company
Monsanto Company
National Petroleum Refiners Association
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New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
New York City Department of Air Resources
New York State Department of Motor Vehicles
Nissan Motor Company, Ltd
NLPG Association
Noel Penny Turbines Ltd.
Northrop Corporation
Oxy-Catalyst, Inc.
Paxve Corporation
Perkins Engine Company
.
Petro-Electric Motors, Ltd.
Philips Corporation
Pratt & Whitney Aircraft
Questor Automotive Products Company
Ragone, Dr. David (M PS)
Renault, Inc.
Revom, Inc.
Ricardo & Company Engineers, Ltd.
Robert Bosch, G.m.b.H.
Rolls Royce Motors, Ltd.
Scott Research Laboratories
Technische Hochschule Aachen
Technische Forschungsanstalt & Entwicklungsstelle
Texaco Research Laboratories
Thermo Electron Company
Thermo-Mechanical Systems Company
Toyo Kogyo Company
Toyota Motor Company, Ltd.
TRW Systems Group Corporation
Union Oil of California
U. S . Army Tank-Automotive Command
United Stirling A. B. & Company
Universal Oil Products
Varta
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VEBA Chemie
Verein Deutscher Ingenieure
VGW-VERBAND der Deutschen Gas und Wasserwerke
Vo lkswagen
Volvo, Inc.
Walker, Professor Joe
Wankel Symposium of Society of Manufacturing Engineers
Williams Research
W. R. Grace & Company
Zwick Company
Text of Committee Letter of Invitation June 28 1972
seeing lnrormaclon prom rustic and ~nvlronmenca L croups
As provided for in Section 202(c) of the Clean Air Amendments
of 1970 (PL 91-604) the National Academy of Sciences is currently con-
ducting a study and investigation of the technological feasibility of
meeting the motor vehicle emissions standards prescribed in Section
202(b) of the law. This study, which is being conducted by our
Committee, forms an integral part of the process by which the Environ-
mental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator rules upon requests for
suspension of the applicable effective dates.
Since it commenced its work last year the aim of our Committee
has been to secure the widest possible range of information and informed
opinion. While we have sought out many sources of such information, we
have also encouraged individuals and organizations to submit whatever
material or comment they believe is relevant to our inquiry. On Sep-
tember 21, 1971, we circulated to several hundred groups, publications,
and individuals an invitation to submit their views to the Committee.
This invitation also appeared in the Federal Register.
As the Committee's study moves ahead we want to renew our invi-
tation and extend to you and your organization another opportunity to
provide us in writing with such information and comment as you may care
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to make with respect to the subject of our study, namely, the techno-
logical feasibility of meeting the statutory emissions standards on
the schedule contemplated by the Clean Air Amendments. To be somewhat
more specific, the Committee is now giving the bulk of its attention
to the standards for oxides of nitrogen, for 1976 model-year vehicles.
Of particular concern to the Committee are topics such as these:
*What modifications can be made to the conventional
internal combustion engine that would insure com-
pliance with the 1976 standards? Can the requisite
equipment be produced in sufficient quantity and on
a reliable basis to satisfy assumed.demand by 1976,
taking into account design and engineering lead-time?
How much confidence can be placed in the ability of
such devices to meet the standard, not only at the
time of production, but for the full required period
of five years or 50,000 miles?
Judith one principal approach to meeting the 1976 stan-
dard calling for use of reduction catalysts, it is
important to evaluate the confidence that can be placed
in their durability and continued effectiveness in actual
use. Can you supply any data or information relative to
catalyst durability while in use on an automobile, other
than that which was publicly submitted to EPA in the May
1972 hearings? If catalysts are unlikely to remain effec-
tive for the five year - 50,000 mile period, how often
will they have to be replaced and at what costs, how will
the vehicle owner (or operator) know that his catalyst has
lost its effectiveness, and how can the public be assured
that ineffective catalysts are promptly replaced or re-
charged?
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fiche objective of the Clean Air Amendments is to permit
the production of vehicles in 1975 and 1976 that will
meet the emissions standards for 50,000 miles or five
years. Given what is known from durability data and
other information, is it feasible to meet this goal
without requiring some program of periodic inspection
and maintenance? What methods exist to determine
whether a vehicle in use meets the applicable emissions
standards? If a vehicle is found to be emitting in
excess of the allowable limits, is it practical to
identify with sufficient precision the cause so as to
avoid needless and perhaps costly maintenance?
=~Aside from the conventional spark-ignition internal
combustion engine, what other power plants could be
produced in sufficient quantity by 1976 (or 1977) that
would satis fy the 1976 standards? What is known of
their costs, operating efficiency, and other character-
istics?
This listing of topics which are of concern to the Committee
is by no means exhaustive. There are many other issues of importance
and the Committee is guided solely by a desire to mobilize as much
information and opinion as it can as it relates to the matter of
technological feasibility of satisfying the motor vehicle standards
as prescribed in the 1970 amendments. Consistent with this objective
we i nvite you to submit such information or to offer such comments as
you consider pertinent to the subject of our inquiry. To be of use
to the Committee your submission should be in writing and be received
not later than August 4, 1972. All such materials should be sent to:
Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions
National Academy of Sciences
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Wa shington, D . C . 20418
Attention: Public Submissions
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Although we are sending copies of this letter to a substantial
mailing list, we would urge you make this letter of invitation known
to any person or group that you believe would be particularly interested
in it. We would also suggest you might reprint this letter or portions
of it in any newsletter or other publication of your organization.
S igned by James E. A . John
.
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
motor vehicle
