Valuing Ecosystem Services: Toward Better Environmental Decision-Making

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Valuing Ecosystem Services: Toward Better Environmental Decision–Making

	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY	1
1	INTRODUCTION	17
	Statement of the Problem	22
	Study Origin and Scope	26
	Perspective of the Report	27
	Summary and Conclusions	29
	References	30
2	THE MEANING OF VALUE AND USE OF ECONOMIC VALUATION IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS	33
	Introduction	33
	Role of Economic Valuation	35
	The Economic Approach to Valuation	44
	Summary: Conclusions and Recommendations	54
	References	56
3	AQUATIC AND RELATED TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS	59
	Introduction	59
	Extent and Status of Aquatic and Related Terrestrial Ecosystems in the United States	62
	Cataloging Ecosystem Structure and Function and Mapping Ecosystem Goods and Services	75
	Issues Affecting Identification of Goods and Services	83
	Summary: Conclusions and Recommendations	88
	References	90
4	METHODS OF NONMARKET VALUATION	95
	Introduction	95
	Economic Approach to Valuation	95
	Classification of Valuation Approaches	100
	Applicability of Methods to Valuing Ecosystem Services	129
	Issues	137
	Summary: Conclusions and Recommendations	141
	References	143
5	TRANSLATING ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS TO THE VALUE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: CASE STUDIES	153

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Valuing Ecosystem Services: Toward Better Environmental Decision-Making (2004)
Water Science and Technology Board (WSTB)

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