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Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects (2005)

Chapter: Appendix B: Acronyms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11147.
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Appendix B
Acronyms


AIM

Acoustic Integration Model

ATOC

Acoustic Thermometry of the Ocean Climate


CEE

Controlled Exposure Experiment


ESA

Endangered Species Act

ESME

Effects of Sound on the Marine Environment


FWS

US Fish and Wildlife Service


GIS

Geographic Information System


IBM

Individual-Based Model


LFA

Low-Frequency Active


MMPA

Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972

MNPL

Maximum Net Productivity Level


NCEAS

National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis

NEPA

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

NMFS

National Marine Fisheries Service

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Page 106 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11147.
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NRC

National Research Council


ONR

Office of Naval Research

OSP

Optimum Sustainable Population


PBR

Potential Biological Removal

PCAD

Population Consequences of Acoustic Disturbance

PTS

Permanent Threshold Shift


SPAWAR

Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center

SURTASS

Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System


TTS

Temporary Threshold Shift

Page 105 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11147.
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Page 105
Page 106 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11147.
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Attention has been drawn to the subject of how ocean noise affects marine mammals by a series of marine mammal strandings, lawsuits, and legislative hearings, and most recently, the report from the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. One way to assess the impact of ocean noise is to consider whether it causes changes in animal behavior that are "biologically significant," that is, those that affect an animal's ability to grow, survive, and reproduce. This report offers a conceptual model designed to clarify which marine mammal behaviors are biologically significant for conservation purposes. The report is intended to help scientists and policymakers interpret provisions of the federal Marine Mammal Protection Act.

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