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Reference
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Study Design
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Population
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Exposure
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Adjustment Factors
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Outcomes
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Major Findings
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Comments
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Studies of Occupational Groups and Adult Cohorts
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Rockette and Arena 1983
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SMR study, 1970-1978
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3,963 chemical workers, 94% male
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Magnesium perchlorate, unknown amount, in combination with 23 other chemicals
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Age, calendar time
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Cause-specific mortality
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For males 1970-1978, all cancer SMR = 143.7, p < 0.01; respiratory cancer SMR = 169.6, p < 0.01; stomach cancer SMR = 236.7, p < 0.05
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Very few deaths recorded in females, so only data on males analyzed in detail; multiple chemical exposures; no adjustment for cigarette-smoking or potential confounders other than age
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Gibbs et al. 1998
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Repeated cross-sectional (preshift and postshift)
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18 workers exposed to ammonium perchlorate and 83 nonexposed workers
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Respiratory exposure at 0.2-436 µg/kg, depending on work area
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Duration of shift
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Compared preshift and postshift serum free T4 index, total T4, and TSH
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No significant relation of perchlorate dose to change in thyroid hormone and TSH measures across shift
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Respiratory exposure; small number of exposed workers; subject to potential bias of affected workers who left employ ment before study
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Gibbs et al. 1998
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Historical cohort
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53 high dose, 44 low dose, 192 nonexposed
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Lifetime cumulative exposure to perchlorate; mean in “low-dose” group, 3,500 µg/kg; mean “high-dose,” 38,000 µg/kg
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None
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Compared medical records on thyroid hormone and TSH measures and disease; medical surveillance data from cohort
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Neither estimated cumulative lifetime exposure nor exposure category significantly associated with abnormalities of thyroid hormone measures and TSH
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Respiratory exposure; subject to potential bias of affected workers who left employment before study; no statistical adjustment for BMI or activity level
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