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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
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Implications of Genomics for Public Health

Workshop Summary

Committee on Genomics and the Public’s Health in the 21st Century

Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Lyla M. Hernandez, Editor

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This study was supported by Contract No. 200N01-OD-4-2139 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality, National Institutes of Health. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

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Copyright 2005 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.

Willing is not enough; we must do.”

—Goethe

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Adviser to the Nation to Improve Health

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

COMMITTEE ON GENOMICS AND THE PUBLIC’S HEALTH IN THE 21ST CENTURY

LAWRENCE O. GOSTIN, J.D., L.L.D. (HON.) (Chair), Professor of Law, Director,

Center on Law and the Public’s Health, Georgetown University,

Professor of Public Health,

Johns Hopkins University

MELISSA AUSTIN, M.S., PH.D., Professor of Epidemiology, Director,

Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington

DEBORAH BOWEN, PH.D., Associate Affiliate Professor,

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington

ELLEN WRIGHT CLAYTON, M.D., J.D., Rosalind E. Franklin Professor of Genetics and Health Policy, Director of Genetics and Health Policy Center, Senior Fellow,

Institute for Public Policy Studies,

Professor of Law and Pediatrics,

Vanderbilt University

IRVING GOTTESMAN, PH.D., Professor in Adult Psychiatry, Senior Fellow,

Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

KAREN GREENDALE, M.A., C.G.C., Director,

Genetics Education and Information Program, Bureau of Chronic Disease Services, New York State Department of Health

SHARON L.R. KARDIA, PH.D., Associate Professor,

Department of Epidemiology,

Director,

Public Health Genetics Program, University of Michigan School of Public Health

DAVID NERENZ, PH.D., Senior Staff Investigator,

Center for Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System

KENNETH OFFIT, M.D., Chief,

Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Human Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

DAVID L. RIMOIN, M.D., PH.D., Steven Spielberg Chairman of Pediatrics, Director,

Medical Genetics–Birth Defects Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,

Professor of Pediatrics, Medicine & Human Genetics,

David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles

DAVID L. VEENSTRA, PHARM.D., PH.D., Assistant Professor,

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California at San Francisco

DEBORAH KLEIN WALKER, ED.D., Principal Associate,

Abt Associates, Inc.

Liaison to the Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

GEORGE J. ISHAM, M.D.,

HealthPartners, Inc.

Staff

LYLA M. HERNANDEZ, Study Director

MAKISHA WILEY, Senior Program Assistant

ROSE MARIE MARTINEZ, SC.D., Director,

Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by persons chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following for their review of this report:


MICHAEL ERIKSEN, Georgia State University

ROXANNE PARROTT, PH.D., Pennsylvania State University

BERNIE ROSOF, M.D. F.A.C.P., North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System

DONNA SPOON, Health Director’s Office


Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by ROBERT B. WALLACE, M.D., College of Public Health, University of Iowa. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the author committee and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

Contents

1

 

INTRODUCTION

 

1

2

 

WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS

 

3

   

 Opening Remarks,
Lawrence O. Gostin, J.D., L.L.D.

 

3

   

 Keynote: Genomics and Public Health: A Vision for the Future,
Gilbert S. Omenn, M.D., Ph.D.

 

5

   

 The Science of Genomics

 

 

   

 The Science of Genomics and Its Application to Common Diseases,
Aravinda Chakravarti, Ph.D.

 

9

   

 Bridging Genomics and Population Health,
Sharon Kardia, Ph.D.

 

10

   

 Gene–Environment Interactions,
David L. Eaton, Ph.D.

 

14

   

 Commentary

 

 

   

 Melissa A. Austin, M.S., Ph.D.,

 

15

   

 David L. Rimoin, M.D., Ph.D.,

 

17

   

 Genomics in Practice

 

 

   

 Clinical Use of Genomic Information,
Alfred O. Berg, M.D., M.P.H.

 

22

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×
   

 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Decision Making,
Scott Ramsey, M.D., Ph.D.

 

22

   

 Intersection of Genomic Information and Behavioral Sciences,
Ellen R. Gritz, Ph.D., and Susan Peterson, M.P.H., Ph.D.

 

24

   

 How to Effect Change in the Population,
William Foege, M.D., M.P.H.

 

25

   

 Commentary

 

 

   

 Deborah Bowen, Ph.D.,

 

27

   

 Kenneth Offit, M.D.,

 

28

   

 Nelson Freimer, M.D.,

 

29

   

 Keynote: Stratification, Justice, and Opportunity,
Alexandra Shields, Ph.D.

 

30

   

 Genomics and Public Health

 

 

   

 The Public Health System,
J. Michael McGinnis, M.D., M.P.P.

 

32

   

 International Lessons: Biobanks,
Bartha Maria Knoppers, Ph.D., with Clementine Sallée

 

34

   

 Educating the Public,
Vicki Freimuth, Ph.D.

 

37

   

 Capacity,
Kristine Gebbie, R.N., Dr.P.H.

 

40

   

 Commentary

 

 

   

 Jean Chabut, M.P.H.,

 

42

   

 Sue Friedman, D.V.M.,

 

43

   

 Judith L. Benkendorf, M.S., C.G.C.,

 

44

   

 Genomic Information and Its Application to Population Health,
Michael Liebman, Ph.D.

 

46

   

 Financing and Access,
Marc Williams, M.D.

 

49

   

 Legal and Regulatory,
Ellen Wright Clayton, M.D., J.D., with the assistance of Julie Schreiner-Oldham

 

51

   

 Commentary

 

 

   

 Ruth Katz, J.D., M.P.H.,

 

53

   

 Judith Feder, Ph.D.,

 

54

   

 Workshop Overview: Lessons Learned, Places to Go,
James G. Hodge, Jr., J.D., L.L.M.

 

55

3

 

PRIORITIES

 

61

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
×

 

 

APPENDIXES

 

 

A

 

Glossary

 

69

B

 

Biosketches

 

78

C

 

Workshop Agenda

 

84

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11260.
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Genomics is the study of the entire human genome. Genomics explores not only the actions of single genes, but also the interactions of multiple genes with each other and with the environment. As a result, genomics has great potential for improving the health of the public. However, realizing the benefits of genomics requires a systematic evaluation of its potential contributions and an understanding of the information necessary to facilitate the translation of research findings into public health strategies. In October 2004, the Institute of Medicine convened a workshop to discuss major scientific and policy issues related to genomics and public health, examine major supports for and challenges to the translation of genetic research into population health benefits, and suggest approaches for the integration of genomic information into strategies for promoting health and preventing disease. Implications of Genomics for Public Health summarizes the discussions and presentations from this workshop.

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