National Academies Press: OpenBook

Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects (2005)

Chapter: Appendix C: Acronyms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
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C
Acronyms


ADEC

Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation

ADIOS

Automatic Data Inquiry for Oil Spills

ALC

Arabian light crude

ANS

Alaska North Slope

API

American Petroleum Institute

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials


BAF

bioaccumulation factors

BIOS

Baffin Island Oil Spill

BSC

Bass Strait crude oil

BTEX

benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes


CCD

charge-coupled device

CEWAF

chemically enhanced water accommodated fractions

CMC

critical micelle concentration

CROSERF

Chemical Response to Oil Spills Environmental Research Forum

cP

centipoise

cSt

centistokes


DFO

Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada

DOC

U.S. Department of Commerce

DOI

U.S. Department of the Interior

DOR

dispersant-to-oil ratio

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
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EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

ERA

Ecological Risk Assessment

EVOS

Exxon Valdez oil spill


FDA

fluorescein diacetate

FOSC

Federal On-Scene Coordinator


GC

gas chromatography

GC-FID

gas chromatography-flame ionization detector

GC-MS

gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy

GNOME

GNU Network Object Model Environment


HLB

hydrophilic-lipophilic balance


IFO 300

Intermediate Fuel Oil 300

IMMSP

Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems

IR

infrared


LURSOT

Laser Ultrasonic Remote Sensing of Oil Thickness


MAH

mono-aromatic hydrocarbon

MMS

Minerals Management Service

MNS

Mackay-Nadeau-Steelman


NCP

National Contingency Plan

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOEC

no observed effect concentration

NRC

National Research Council

NRDAM

Natural Resource Damage Assessment Model

NRT

National Response Team


OHMSETT

Oil and Hazardous Materials Simulated Environmental Test Tank

OPA 90

Oil Pollution Act of 1990

OWR

oil-to-water ratio


PAH

polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

PANH

polynuclear aromatic nitrogen heterocycle

PBCO

Prudhoe Bay crude oil

PIV

particle image velocimetry

PWSRCAC

Prince William Sound Regional Citizens’ Advisory Council

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
×

ROSS

River Oil Spill Simulation

RRT

Regional Response Team


SERF

Shoreline Environmental Research Facility

SETAC

Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

SIMAP

Spill Impact Model Application Package

SLAR

side-looking airborne radar

SMART

Specialized Monitoring of Advanced Response Technologies

SOP

Standard Operating Procedure

SOR

surfactant-to-oil ratio

SPC

simplified pseudo-component

SPM

suspended particulate material


TBP

true boiling point

TEM

total extractable material

THC

total hydrocarbon concentration

TI

Toxicity Index

TOC

total organic carbon

TPH

total petroleum hydrocarbons

TROPICS

Tropical Oil Pollution Investigations in Coastal Systems

T/V

Tanker/Vessel


UCM

unobserved component model

USCG

U.S. Coast Guard

USGS

U.S. Geological Survey

UV

ultraviolet


VCO

Venezuelan medium crude oil

VOC

volatile organic compound


WAF

water-accommodated fraction

WPMB

Water Planning and Management Branch

WSF

water-soluble fraction

WSL

Warren Springs Laboratory

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
×
Page 349
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
×
Page 350
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
×
Page 351
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2005. Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11283.
×
Page 352
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Approximately 3 million gallons of oil or refined petroleum products are spilled into U.S. waters every year. Oil dispersants (chemical agents such as surfactants, solvents, and other compounds) are used to reduce the effect of oil spills by changing the chemical and physical properties of the oil. By enhancing the amount of oil that physically mixes into the water, dispersants can reduce the potential that a surface slick will contaminate shoreline habitats. Although called for in the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 as a tool for minimizing the impact of oil spills, the use of chemical dispersants has long been controversial. This book reviews the adequacy of existing information and ongoing research regarding the effectiveness of dispersants as an oil spill response technique, as well as the effect of dispersed oil on marine and coastal ecosystems. Oil Spill Dispersants also includes recommended steps for policy makers faced with making hard choices regarding the use of dispersants as part of spill contingency planning efforts or during actual spills.

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