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Integrating Employee Health: A Model Program for NASA
TABLE 4-1 Evolution of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems
Evolutionary Timeline
Developmental Outcome
1960s Deming’s Plan Do Check Act Approach
Total Quality Management approach using teams, processes, statistics and continuous improvements
1980 Six Sigma
Metric/data-driven decision making to TQM and customer satisfaction
1982 OSHA VPP
OSHA Voluntary Protection Program for performance-based health and safety management
1987 Baldrige Quality Improvement Act
Quality award recognition as a marketplace advantage
1994 ISO 9000
First certifiable international standard on Quality
1996 ISO 14001
Global Environmental Management System standard using quality processes
1996 OHSMS Standards & 2001 Guidelines
Concurrent release of Occupational Heath & Safety Management Systems in ISO 9000/ 14000 like format:
British: BSI 8800 (1996) & 18001 OHSAS (1999)
Spain: UNE 81900 (1996)
Japan: JISHA OHSMS (1997)
Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS 4801 (2001)
2001 ILO/OSH Guidelines on OSHMS
International guidelines for developing national Occupational H&S Management Systems
2004 ANSI Z10 OHSMS
ASC Z10 Committee approval of an American OHSMS standard (draft)
NOTE: Deming, General Electric (Six Sigma Program), the Malcolm Baldrige quality construct and various ISO and national standards firmly established that building a quality culture to deliver sustained reductions in undesirable variability (defects) requires major behavioral and organizational change.
the Malcolm Baldrige quality construct and various ISO, and national standards (Table 4-2) firmly established that building a quality culture to deliver sustained reductions in undesirable variability (defects) requires major behavioral and organizational change. Changes include a clear client focus and quality vision, top-to-bottom organizational accountability, integration of processes, data-driven decision making, and leveraging all available resources, including customers, suppliers and partners.
A management systems approach is the basis of an integrated health
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