ization’s Military Committee in Brussels, Belgium. In addition, he served in a number of high-ranking capacities for the Chief of Naval Operations, such as Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Logistics and Navy Program Planning from 1987 to 1991 and as director, Fiscal Management Division/Comptroller of the Navy from 1985 to 1987. His decorations include the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the Distinguished Service Medal with Gold Star, the Legion of Merit with Three Gold Stars, the Meritorious Service Medal with Gold Star, and the Navy Commendation Medal. Admiral Smith has served on numerous scientific boards and advisory committees, including as chair of the recent Naval Space Panel Review for the Undersecretary of the Navy. He is a member of the NRC’s Naval Studies Board.

Alan Berman is a part-time employee at the Applied Research Laboratory of Pennsylvania State University (ARL/PSU) and at the Center for Naval Analyses (CNA). At ARL/PSU, Dr. Berman provides general management support and program appraisal. At CNA, he assists with analyses of Navy research and development investments, space operations capabilities, information operations, and command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) programs. His previous positions include serving as dean of the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Miami, where he was responsible for the graduate programs in physical oceanography, marine biology, geology, geophysics, applied ocean science, and underwater acoustics; and as director of research at the Naval Research Laboratory, where he administered broad programs in basic and applied research. Dr. Berman has served on numerous scientific boards and advisory committees, including as a member of the Free Electron Laser Oversight Board that advises the Department of Energy’s Jefferson National Laboratory.

E. Ann Berman is founder and president of Tri-Space, Inc., a remote-sensing and software engineering company serving a broad range of environmental and security areas. Her research interests include remote sensing, hydrogeologic modeling, geographic information systems development, and the development of software for environmental management and surveillance. (Her remote-sensing work covers the spectral range from visible through thermal infrared, but includes working knowledge of the radio-frequency spectrum.) From 1984 to 1988, Dr. Berman served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Command, Control, Communications, Intelligence, and Space. She has served on numerous scientific boards and advisory committees, including the NRC Committee on Environmental Information for Naval Use. Dr. Berman is a member of the recent Naval Space Panel Review for the Undersecretary of the Navy.

Thomas C. Betterton (Rear Admiral, USN, Ret.) is a visiting professor and space technology chair at the Naval Postgraduate School. Admiral Betterton retired after 35 years in the U.S. Navy, having served as a naval aviator and aerospace engineering duty officer, in addition to duties at the National Reconnaissance Office. He holds a B.S. in electrical engineering from the University of