maintaining a faculty that has engineering expertise. In these cases, it is also difficult to attract students to the program. A series of seminars about engineering and technology/career opportunities, supported by the faculty and graduate students of the four-year partner and engineers in industry from the surrounding community, would help administrators gauge the interest of local students in engineering and enable them to plan and advocate for more engineering science faculty, if appropriate.

Community colleges might also consider recruiting industry experts to teach on their campuses. Many practicing and retired engineers could contribute to engineering education and strengthen the links between the engineering curriculum and the real-world applications of coursework. After all, engineers do things.

Four-year educational institutions, especially Research 1 universities, frequently have partnerships with industry on research projects and sometimes for instruction. Community colleges do not have the same opportunities to work with engineers in research, but they might still attract engineers in industry who are interested in connecting with students, through teaching, especially hands-on, project-based coursework.

Conclusion 3-3 Community colleges could develop partnerships with industries in their areas to recruit interested and qualified industry engineers to demonstrate the practical applications of mathematics and introductory engineering coursework.