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Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents (2005)

Chapter: Abbreviations

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Page 102 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11447.
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Abbreviations


α

alpha

AChE

acetycholinesterase

AEGL

acute exposure guideline level


β

beta


C

concentration

CNS

central nervous system

Ct

product of concentration and time

CV

conduction velocity

CWA

chemical warfare agent


DAAMS

depot area air monitoring system

DFP

diisopropyl fluorophosphates

DNA

dexyribonucleic acid

DOD

U.S. Department of Defense


EC01

effective concentration estimated to be in 1% of the dosed animals

ECT50

the concentration and time estimated to be that causes an effect in 50% of subjects

ED50

dose estimated to be effective in 50% of the exposed individuals

EEG

electroencephalogram


FDA

Food and Drug Administration


GA

tabun

GB

sarin

GC

gas chromotography

Page 103 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11447.
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GD

soman

GF

cyclosarin

GLP

good laboratory practice


HD

sulfur mustard


IU/L

international units per liter


L

liter

LC50

concentration estimated to be lethal to 50% of subjects

LCt50

lethal (estimated to be) concentration-time relationships in 50% of subjects

LD50

dose estimated to be lethal to 50% of subjects


MAP2

mitogen-activated protein

MEGs

military exposure guidelines

mg

milligram

mL

milliliter

MOPP

mission-oriented protective posture

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

mRNA

messenger ribonucleic acid

MS

mass spectroscopy

MTD

maximum tolerated dose


NRC

National Research Council


ORM

operational risk management

OP

organophosphate


PAC

presidential advisory committee

PBPD

physiologically based pharmacodynamic

PBPK

physiologically based pharmacokinetic

PON1

paraxonase 1


REM

rapid eye movement

RNA

ribonucleic acid


SFEMG

single fiber electromyography


t

exposure time


µg/kg

microgram per kilogram

µm

micrometer

µM

micromole

USACHPPM

United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine


WPAFB

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

Page 104 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11447.
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Page 102 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11447.
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Page 102
Page 103 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11447.
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Page 103
Page 104 Cite
Suggested Citation:"Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Review of the Department of Defense Research Program on Low-Level Exposures to Chemical Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11447.
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Research related to chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has historically focused on life threatening battlefield effects caused by high level exposures to the agents, not effects associated with exposures to low concentrations of them. In this report, low level concentrations refers to exposures that may not have any immediate observed health effects, but may produce delayed health effects months or years later. Recently, there has been increased concern about the potential health effects of exposures to CWAs at low concentrations. This report reviews the Department of Defense’s (DOD) Research Plan for obtaining toxicologic and other relevant data to assess risk to military personnel. The CWAs of concern include the following nerve and vesicant agents: tabun, sarin, soman, cyclosarin, VX, and sulfur mustard. The report discusses the health effects of exposure to low levels of these agents and provides guidance to DOD on appropriate risk assessment methods for assessing toxicologic risk to military personnel from low-level exposures to CWAs. The report concludes that DOD’s Research Plan is well planned and many of the proposed research tasks are likely to provide valuable information to DOD in protecting military personnel.

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