Rep. Frank Wolf (R-Virginia), chair, Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies

Letter to President George W. Bush, May 2005

Triple federal basic R&D over the next decade

US Congress and President Bush

NSF Authorization Act of 2002, passed by Congress; signed by the President

Double the NSF budget over 5 years to reach $9.8 million by FY 2007

US Commission on National Security in the 21st Century (Hart–Rudman)

Road Map for National Security: Imperative for Change, The Phase III Report, 2001

Double the federal R&D budget by 2010

Defense of Defense

Quadrennial Defense Review Report, 2001

Allocate at least 3% of the total DOD budget for defense science and technology

President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST)

Assessing the US R&D Investment, January 2003

Target the physical sciences and engineering to bring them “collectively to parity with the life sciences over the next 4 budget cycles”

Coalition of 15 industry associations, including US Chamber of Commerce, National Association of Manufacturers, and Business Roundtable

Tapping America’s Potential: The Education for Innovation Initiative, 2005

Increase R&D spending, particularly for basic research in the physical sciences and engineering, at NSF, NIST, DOD, and DOE by at least 7% annually

167 Members of Congress

Letter to Rep. Wolf, chair, Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies, May 4, 2005

Increase NSF budget to $6.1 billion in FY 2006, 6% above the FY 2005 request