National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: About the Authors
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

Index

A

AAALAC. See Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International

AATA. See Animal Transportation Association

Academic researchers.

See also Responsible individuals

utilizing nonhuman primates, 82

Acclimation. See Thermal environment in the transportation of research animals

Adipsia, 54

Agencies

checking with beforehand, 11

that fund research, 84

Agents, that require registration of a facility with CDC, 67

Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement), 28

(Agro)bioterrorism agents, 65

Air Cargo Tariff book, 23

Airlines, 4

commercial, 3

Allometric scaling, and implications for the transportation of research animals, 3839

Ambient temperature, ranges for safe transportation of common adult research animals, 48

American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), 63

Anesthesia, 61

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), 14, 22

Animal rights activists, pressure from, 82

Animal Transportation Association (AATA), Manual for the Transportation of Live Animals, 33

Animal welfare, 45

investigators of, 45

Animal Welfare Act (AWA), 1214

dogs and cats, 97104

guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 110115

nonhuman primates, 104110

regulations pertaining to transportation, 50, 54, 87, 97115

Animal Welfare Regulations, 88

Animals

companion, 70, 78

cross-tying, 60

gnotobiotic, 76

immunocompromised, 76

lactating, 46

large, 3839, 58

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

late-pregnancy, 37, 46

live, CDC rules on the importation of, 1820

natural enemies, 79

preconditioning, 59

segregation of, 71, 7879

small, 3839, 42, 56

Animals/animal products

with radioactive/poisonous material, federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 1213

with zoonotic/infectious diseases, federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 1213

Anorexia, 54

APHIS. See Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Aquatic Animal Health Code, 28

Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC), 9

Asymptomatic disease, 65, 69

Autoclaving, 77

avoiding, 76

Avian influenza A (H5N1), 19, 2829

Avian species, 84

AVMA. See American Veterinary Medical Association

AWA. See Animal Welfare Act

B

B virus, 70

Bacteria

requiring facility registration with CDC, 67

and the susceptible species of research animals, 7475

zoonotic diseases transmissible from research animals to humans, 69

Barrier containment, 71, 7677

Bats, live, 20

Behavioral and physiological signs of thermal status, 52

Behavioral monitoring of thermal environment, 51

Biocontainment, 88

Biomedical research

federal funding for, 7, 20

use of nonhuman primates in, 24

Biomedical research enterprise, 1

Biosafety in Microbial and Biomedical Laboratories Manual (BMBL), 66, 71

Biosecurity, 6579

protecting public health and agricultural resources, 6671

protecting the biological integrity of research animals and colonies, 7179

Bioterrorism agents, 65

Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act, 66

Bird flu, 19

BMBL. See Biosafety in Microbial and Biomedical Laboratories Manual

Breeders, commercial, 78

C

California Department of Health Services, 22

Candidate set for the facility-location problem, 121

Care in transit

for dogs and cats, 103104

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 115

for nonhuman primates, 109

Carriers, third-party, 9

Cats. See Dogs and cats

CDC. See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Center for Veterinary Medicine, 22

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 7, 1820, 66, 71, 85n, 86

agents and toxins that require registration of a facility with, 67

Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, 89, 1213, 19

Etiologic Agent Import Permit Program, 1213, 20

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regulations and guidelines for the transportation of research animals, 1820

importation and transportation of etiological agents, 20

importation of live animals, 1820

Certifications, 101, 107

CFR. See Code of Federal Regulations

Checklist, of research animal regulations and guidelines, 3132

Chicago, IL, 9

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

Chico, CA, 123126

CITES. See Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

Cleaning holding areas, 102, 108

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 66

Colony security, 76

Commercial airlines, 3

Commercial breeders, 78

Committee on Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Laboratory Animals, 6, 51, 87

Companion animals, 70, 78

Compatibility

for dogs and cats, 100101

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 112

for nonhuman primates, 106

Computation of distances, between utilization points and supply locations, 119

Convention of the Council of Europe, 29

Convention on International Civil Aviation, 25

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), 1213, 16, 2325

listed species of nonhuman primates, 26

Resolution Conf., 25

Conveyor belts, 103

Cool-acclimation, 47

Cool conditions, 58

Core body temperature, 45

Corporate research institutions, 82

Council of Europe, 27

Council Directives, 2930

Courier pick ups, 9

Cross contamination, 70, 78

Cross-infection, 79

Cross-tying, 60

D

Dangerous goods, defining, 27

Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGRs), IATA rules on, 2728, 68

Data preparation, 118119

computation of distances between utilization points and supply locations, 119

data sources, 118119

geocoding procedure, 119

Data sources, 118119

Dehydration, 58

Delays, 61

Delivery to carriers and handlers

for dogs and cats, 102

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 113114

for nonhuman primates, 107

Designated ports for importation or exportation of wildlife or derivatives, 16

DGMQ. See Division on Global Migration and Quarantine

DGRs. See Dangerous Goods Regulations

Disease, asymptomatic, 65, 69

Disinfection, 71, 7778

chemical, 71

Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (DGMQ), 89, 9, 1213, 19

Documentation. See also Certifications

for dogs and cats, 101102

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 113

inconsistencies in, 88

for nonhuman primates, 107

of training of animal care personnel, 66

Dogs and cats (9 CFR 3.13-3.19), 8788, 97104

care in transit, 103104

compatibility, 100101

delivery to carriers and handlers, 102

documentation, 101102

enclosure, 97100

federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 1213

food and water, 101

handling, 102103

importing, 18

primary conveyance, 103

terminal facilities, 102

DOT. See US Department of Transportation

E

EAIPP. See Etiologic Agent Import Permit Program

Ebola virus, 70

EDIM. See Group A rotavirus

Emergency procedures

elements of a plan for, 68

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

in the transportation of research animals, 61

Enclosures, 110112

for dogs and cats, 97100

for guinea pigs, 111

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 110112

for hamsters, 111

for nonhuman primates, 104106

Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, 1213, 1517, 23

listed species of nonhuman primates, 17

Endangered/threatened wildlife, federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 13

Environmental conditions, 10

Environmental extremes, protecting against, 21

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 84

Environmentally controlled trucks, 89

EPA. See Environmental Protection Agency

ESA. See Endangered Species Act of 1973

Escapes, dealing with, 61, 82

Etiologic Agent Import Permit Program (EAIPP), 1213, 20

Etiological agents, CDC rules on the importation and transportation of, 20

European Union (EU), Health and Consumer Protection Directorate General, 27, 2930

Euthanasia, 61

Evaluation, 88

Exemptions, 22

Export brokers, 23

Extreme temperatures, exposure to, 61

F

Facility location problem

candidate set for, 121

models for, 120122

for the NIH grants data set (rodents), 122

for the USDA cats data set, 124

for the USDA dogs data set, 125

Fasting, 58

FDA. See Food and Drug Administration

Federal Quarantine Regulations, regarding nonhuman primates, 19

Federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of vertebrate research animals and products in the United States, 1213

Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 1213, 2122, 86

Center for Veterinary Medicine, 22

Food and water

for dogs and cats, 101

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 112113

for nonhuman primates, 106

providing when indicated, 21

in the transportation of research animals, 5458

Freedom of Information Act, 118n

Funding, for biomedical research, federal, 7

Fungi, requiring facility registration with CDC, 67

FWS. See US Fish and Wildlife Service

G

Gamma irradiation, 77

GD-VII. See Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus strain

Gel moisture sources, 57

Geocoding procedure, 119

Geographic information system (GIS), 119

Gnotobiotic animals, 71

Good practices in the transportation of research animals, 3363

allometric scaling and implication for transportation practices, 3839

emergency procedures, 61

food and water, 5458

handling, 5960

monitoring transportation, 60

personnel training, 10, 6163

social interaction and group transportation, 59

space allocation, 5254

stress during transportation, 3438

thermal environment, 3952

Good shippers, characteristics of, 9

Ground transportation, 34, 85

Group A rotavirus (EDIM), 7273

Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching, 33

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 21

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

Guidelines. See Regulations and guidelines for the transportation of research animals

Guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals (9 CFR 3.35-3.41, 9 CFR 3.60-3.65, 9 CFR 3.136-3.142), 87, 110115

care in transit, 115

compatibility, 112

delivery to carriers and handlers, 113114

documentation, 113

enclosure, 110112

food and water, 112113

handling, 114

primary conveyance, 115

terminal facilities, 114

H

Hamsters, 70, 111.

See also Guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals

Handler training. See Personnel training

Handling

dogs and cats, 102103

guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 114

nonhuman primates, 108

preconditioning animals to, 59

in the transportation of research animals, 5960

Hantaan (HANT) virus, 7273

Hazardous Materials Information Center, 21

Hazardous Materials Regulation (HMR), 2021, 25

Health Research Extension Act of 1985, 21

Helicobacter species, 71

High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, 86

HMR. See Hazardous Materials Regulation

Holding areas, cleaning and sanitizing, 102, 108

Homeotherms, 4546, 51

graph representing relationship between metabolic rate and ambient temperature in, 42

Host species, 65

Hot conditions, 58.

See also Thermal environment in the transportation of research animals

Hot Springs, AR, 125126

HPA. See Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis response

Husbandry, species-specific, 62

Hydration, 57

Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) response, 3738

I

IATA. See International Air Transport Association

ICAO. See International Civil Aviation Organization

ILAR. See Institute for Laboratory Animal Research

Immunocompromised animals, 76

Importation sites, major, 9, 83

Incompatibilities, among export and import requirements, 23

Inconsistencies, in documentation and reporting requirements, 8788

Individuals at institutions, taking responsibility, 5, 88

Infectious agents and the susceptible species of research animals, 7275, 88

bacteria, 7475

parasites, 7475

viruses, 7273

Infectious pathogens, risk of introducing, 65

Infectious substances, 20

Infectious Substances Program, 1213

Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR), 7

Institutions, individuals at taking responsibility, 5, 88

Insurance rates, 82

Interagency Primate Steering Committee, 84

Interagency working group, needed to coordinate all federal inspection and permitting of animals, 51, 8688

International Air Transport Association (IATA), 14

International Air Transport Association (IATA) regulations and guidelines for the transportation of research animals, 2324, 2728, 30, 50, 71

Dangerous Goods Regulations, 2728, 68

Live Animals Regulations, 14, 24, 27, 61, 7879

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), 2527

International regulations for transporting research animals, 2223

Irradiation, 77

Isolation, 59

K

Kilham Rat virus (KRV), 7273

L

Laboratory Animal Science Association, Report of the Transport Working Group, 33

Lacey Act, 1214, 18

Lactating animals, 46

Lakewood, CO, 123

LARs. See Live Animals Regulations

LCM. See Lymphocytic choriomeningitis

LCT. See Lower critical temperature

Listed Animal Permit Officials, 22

Live Animals Regulations (LARs), IATA rules on, 14, 24, 27, 61, 7879

Livestock, stress experienced during transportation, 3738

Livestock industry, 33

Livestock Weather Safety Index, 46

Long-term housing, 52

Los Angeles, CA, 9

Lower critical temperature (LCT), 44

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM), 7273

M

MAD. See Mouse adenovirus

Malign hyperthermia, 48, 50

Manual for the Transportation of Live Animals, 33

Maps

candidate set for the facility-location problem, 121

locations of research facilities using nonhuman primates, major importation sites, and vendors of nonhuman primates in the United States, 83

solution set for the facility location problem for the NIH grants data set (rodents), 122

solution set for the facility location problem for the USDA cats data set, 124

solution set for the facility location problem for the USDA dogs data set, 125

MCMV. See Murine cytomegalovirus

MHV. See Mouse hepatitis virus

Mice, wild, 78

Microisolation shipping containers, 76

Minimizing risks associated with transporting research animals with experimentally introduced zoonoses, 6668

Minimizing risks associated with transporting research animals with unknown zoonoses, 6971

special considerations when transporting nonhuman primates, 7071

special considerations when transporting specimens and tissues, 71

Minute virus of mice (MVM), 7273

Monitoring

behavioral, of thermal environment, 51

of the transportation of research animals, 60

Mouse adenovirus (MAD), 7273

Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), 7273

Mouse parvovirus (Orphan parvovirus) (MPV [OPV]), 71

Mouse thymic virus (MTLV), 7273

MPV (OPV). See Mouse parvovirus (Orphan parvovirus)

MTLV. See Mouse thymic virus

Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), 7273

MVM. See Minute virus of mice

N

National Center for Infectious Diseases, 1, 7

National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), 3, 81

National Institutes of Health (NIH), 1, 3, 7, 21, 66, 81

data from, 118

research projects funded by, 85

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

National Primate Plan, 3, 81, 84

National Primate Research Center (NPRC), 3, 81, 8485

National Science Foundation, 84

NCRR. See National Center for Research Resources

Newborns, 46

NIH. See National Institutes of Health

NIH grants data set (rodents), 120

solution sets for the facility location problem for, 122

total weighted-system travel-distance reduction with increase in supply points for, 123

Nonhuman primates (9 CFR 3.86-3.92), 15, 8788, 104110

academic researchers utilizing, 82

care in transit, 109

compatibility, 106

delivery to carriers and handlers, 107

documentation of, 107

enclosures for, 104106

encouraging more airlines to transport, 4

Federal Quarantine Regulations regarding, 19

federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 12

food and water, 106

handling, 108

isolating, 79

locations of research facilities using, 83

options available for transporting between research facilities, 9

ports involved, 9

primary conveyance, 109

registering importers of, 20

special considerations when transporting, 7071

stress experienced during transportation, 37

terminal facilities, 107108

use in biomedical research, 24

NPRC. See National Primate Research Center

Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals, 58

O

Office International des Épizooties (OIE), 2829

International Committee, 29

Office of Hazardous Materials, 20, 27

Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW), 21

OIE. See Office International des Épizooties

OLAW. See Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare

Orientation, preferred, 54

Overcrowding, avoiding, 21

Overshippers. See Self-contained overshippers

P

Parasites, and the susceptible species of research animals, 7475

Patterns in the ground transportation of research animals in the United States, 117126

background, 117

data preparation, 118119

empirical results, 120126

quantitative analysis, 119120

Performance standards, science-based, 34

Permitting Requirements under CITES, 25

Personal protective equipment (PPEs), 7071, 76, 78

Personnel training, 10

documenting, 66, 76

high cost of, 3, 82

standard program for, 63

in the transportation of research animals, 6163

Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), 7

PHMSA. See Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

PhRMA. See Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America

PHS. See Public Health Service

PHS Policy. See Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Physical distress

observing, 15, 103104, 109

protecting against, 21

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), 20, 27

Associate Administrator for Hazardous Materials Safety, 20

Hazardous Materials Information Center, 21

Office of Hazardous Materials, 20, 27

Pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), 7273

Poikilotherms, 50

Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 21

Post-transportation recovery times, 36

PPEs. See Personal protective equipment

Preconditioning animals, 59

Predators of wildlife, Federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 13

Pregnant animals, 37, 46

Primary conveyance

for dogs and cats, 103

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 115

for nonhuman primates, 109

Principles of thermoregulation, 3945

Prions, requiring facility registration with CDC, 67

Private charters, covering the cost of, 82

Professional judgment, 47

Professional societies, 4

Program evaluation, 88

Protecting public health and agricultural resources, 6671

minimizing risks associated with transporting research animals with experimentally introduced zoonoses, 6668

minimizing risks associated with transporting research animals with unknown zoonoses, 6971

Protecting the biological integrity of research animals and colonies, 7179

barrier containment, 7677

disinfection, 7778

personal protective equipment, 78

segregation of animals, 7879

specific pathogen diagnosis, 77

Protective equipment. See Personal protective equipment

Public Health Service (PHS), Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 21

PVM. See Pneumonia virus of mice

Q

Quantitative analysis, 119120

Quarantine procedures, 22, 77, 79, 88

R

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), 7273

Rabbits, 70.

See also Guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals

Rabies, 18

Radioactive/Poisonous Materials Program, 1213

Rat parvovirus (Orphan parvovirus) (RPV [OPV]), 71

Rats, federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 13

Recommendations, 35, 8188

animal welfare, 45

declining availability of air transportation for nonhuman primates, 34

interagency working group needed to coordinate all federal inspection and permitting of animals, 51, 8688

National Primate Plan, updating and reimplementing, 3, 8185

regulatory burden, 4

reliable ground transportation for nonhuman primates, collaboration needed to establish, 4, 85

self-contained overshippers to ship zoonotic animals, need to develop, 4, 86

shipments of research animals between institutions, ensuring coordination between responsible individuals at both institutions, 5, 76, 88

Registered carriers, 9

Regulations and guidelines for the transportation of research animals, 1132

complex and confusing, 4, 8687

compliance within, 11

international, 2223

national, 1114

Reovirus type 3 (REO 3), 7273

Report of the Transport Working Group Established by the Laboratory Animal Science Association, 33

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

Reporting requirements, inconsistencies in, 8788

Researchers.

See also Responsible individuals

utilizing nonhuman primates, 82

Responsible individuals, at institutions, 5, 88

RHD. See Rabbit haemorrhagic disease

Rodents, 3, 70, 118

African, ban on importation of, 19

stress experienced during transportation, 3637

Ross River virus (RRV), 7273

RPV (OPV). See Rat parvovirus (Orphan parvovirus)

RRV. See Ross River virus

S

Safe temperature ranges during transport, 4650

San Francisco, CA, 9

Sanitizing holding areas, 102, 108

Science-based performance standards, 34

SDA/RCV. See Sialodacryoadentitis virus/Rat corona virus

Self-contained overshippers, to ship zoonotic animals, need to develop, 4, 7071, 79, 86

Shipping companies, 10.

See also Carriers

Shipping company, characteristics of a good, 68

Shipping containers, 10.

See also Self-contained overshippers

Shipping routes and destinations, 9, 120

Short-term exposures, 47

Sialodacryoadentitis virus/Rat corona virus (SDA/RCV), 7273

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), 7273

Social animals and species, 59

Social interaction and group transportation, in the transportation of research animals, 59

Solitary animals and species, 59

Solution sets for the facility location problem

for the NIH grants data set (rodents), 122

for the USDA cats data set, 124

for the USDA dogs data set, 125

Space allocation in the transportation of research animals, 5254, 57

for group-transported animals, 5556

Spatial isolation, 59

Species-specific husbandry, 62

Specific-diagnostic diagnosis, 71

Specific pathogen diagnosis, 77

Specimens, special considerations when transporting, 71

Spring Hill, FL, 123124

SPS Agreement. See Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

Staff turnovers, 63

State health and agricultural regulations, 22

Sterilization, 7677

Stocking density, 53

Stress during transportation, 3438

acute, 34, 36

chronic, 34

livestock, 3738

nonhuman primates, 37

rodents, 3637

Supply locations, 119

Sweating species, vs. nonsweating, 45

T

Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, 25, 27

Temperatures.

See also Ambient temperature

core body, 45

exposure to extreme, 61

safe ranges during transport, 4650

Terminal facilities

for dogs and cats, 102

for guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, and other animals, 114

for nonhuman primates, 107108

temperatures in, 87

Terrestrial Animal Health Code, 28

Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus strain (GD-VII), 7273

Thermal environment in the transportation of research animals, 3952

behavioral monitoring of, 51

effect of transportation caging on, 5051

exposure to extreme temperatures, 61

principles of thermoregulation, 3945

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

safe temperature ranges during transport, 4650

thermal acclimation, 47, 5152, 102103

Thermogenesis, 48

nonshivering vs. shivering, 43

Thermoneutral zone (TNZ), 39, 4248

changes in (range of ambient is at a minimum) with age and size in chickens, 43

of various agricultural animals, 44

Thermoregulation data, on common research animal species, 4041

Third party carriers, 9

Tissues, special considerations when

transporting, 71

TNZ. See Thermoneutral zone

Total weighted-system travel-distance reduction with increase in supply points

for NIH grants data set (rodents), 123

for USDA cats data set, 123

for USDA dogs data set, 126

Toxins that require registration of a facility with CDC, 67

Trade, defining, 23

Training. See Personnel training

TransCAD®, 119

Transport of Dangerous Goods, United Nations recommendations for, 25

Transportation of animals

phases of, 34

between research facilities, checklist of issues to consider when arranging, 10

stressors in research animals, 3438

Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act of 2002, 84

Truck routes, 120

Turtles, importing, 1819

U

UCT. See Upper critical temperature

United Nations, recommendations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods, 25

United States, vendors of nonhuman primates in, 83

Upper critical temperature (UCT), 42, 44, 46

US Cities Geographic Information System, 119

US Department of Agriculture (USDA), 14, 71, 85n, 86, 88, 97, 113

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 14, 22

Animal Welfare Act, 1213

data from, 118

US Department of Defense, 84

US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 84

US Department of Justice, 66

US Department of Transportation (DOT), 2021, 25, 68, 86

Infectious Substances Program, 1213

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, 20, 27

Radioactive/Poisonous Materials Program, 1213

US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), 1418, 27, 85n, 86

CITES, 1213, 16, 23

Endangered Species Act, 1213, 1517, 23

Lacey Act, 1214, 18

Permit Website, 16

USA Patriot Act, 66

USDA. See US Department of Agriculture

USDA cats data set

solution sets for the facility location problem for, 124

total weighted-system travel-distance reduction with increase in supply points for, 123

USDA dogs data set

solution sets for the facility location problem for, 125

total weighted-system travel-distance reduction with increase in supply points for, 126

Utilization points, 119

V

Vendors of nonhuman primates in the United States, 83

data on, 118

Ventilation, 102, 108

Vertebrates, warm-blooded, federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 13

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

Veterans Administration, 84

Veterinary care, 61, 87, 101, 103104, 109, 115

Viruses

B, 70

Ebola, 70

monkeypox, 22

requiring facility registration with CDC, 67

and the susceptible species of research animals, 7273

zoonotic diseases transmissible from research animals to humans, 69

Visual isolation, 59

W

Warm-blooded vertebrates, federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 13

Washington Convention. See Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

Water bottles, 57

Wild mice, infected, 78

Wildlife

defining, 15

federal statutes/programs relevant to the transportation of in the United States, 13

Working groups. See Interagency working group; Report of the Transport Working Group Established by the Laboratory Animal Science Association

World Animal Health Organization, 2829

Z

Zoonotic diseases, 3, 9, 28

controlling, 86

risk of, 21, 82

suspected, 88

transmissible from research animals to humans, 69

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×

This page intially left blank

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 131
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 132
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 133
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 134
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 135
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 136
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 137
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 138
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 139
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 140
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 141
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2006. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11557.
×
Page 142
Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals Get This Book
×
Buy Paperback | $44.95 Buy Ebook | $35.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Arranging the transportation of animals at research facilities is often an ordeal. There is a confusing patchwork of local, national, and international regulations; a perceived lack of high-quality shipping services; a dearth of science-based good practices; and a lack of biosafety standards. It’s a challenge —and an impediment to biomedical research. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals identifies the current problems encountered in the transportation of research animals and offers recommendations aimed at local and federal officials to rectify these problems. This book also includes a set of good practices based on the extensive body of literature on transportation of agricultural animals, universal concepts of physiology, and a scientific understanding of species-specific needs and differences. Good practices were developed by the committee to address thermal environment, space requirements, food and water requirements, social interaction, monitoring of transportation, emergency procedures, personnel training, and biosecurity. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals is an essential guide for all researchers, animal care technicians, facilities managers, administrators, and animal care and use committees at research institutions.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  9. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!