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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
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Appendix E
Acronym List


AEA

Atomic Energy Act (1954)

AEC

Atomic Energy Commission

ALARA

As Low As Is Reasonably Achievable

ANPR

Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

ARARS

Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements


BEIR

Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation

BRWM

Board on Radioactive Waste Management of the NRC

BSS

International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources


CAA

Clean Air Act

CERCLA

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (1980, known as “Superfund”)

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations

CID

Central Internet Database

CLSM

Controlled Low-Strength Material (used as a filler for waste disposal)

COWAM

Community Waste Management

CRCPD

Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors

CWA

Clean Water Act


DHEC

South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
×

DOD

U.S. Department of Defense

DOE

U.S. Department of Energy

DOT

U.S. Department of Transportation


ECCS

Emergency Core Cooling System

EIS

Environmental Impact Statement

EM

Office of Environmental Management (DOE)

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

ERDA

Energy Research and Development Administration

ERDF

Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility (at Hanford, Washington)

EU

European Union

EW

Exempt Waste


FFCF

Fuel Cycle Facilities Forum

FRC

Federal Radiation Council

FUSRAP

Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program


GAO

U.S. Government Accountability Office

GTCC

Greater-Than-Class-C


HLW

High-Level Waste

HPS

Health Physics Society

HSWA

Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments


IAEA

International Atomic Energy Agency

ICRP

International Commission on Radiological Protection

ISCORS

Interagency Steering Committee on Radiation Standards


LAW

Low-Activity Waste

LILW—LL

Low and Intermediate Level Waste—Long Lived

LILW—SL

Low and Intermediate Level Waste—Short Lived

LLW

Low-Level Waste

LLWPA

Low-Level Waste Policy Act (1980, amended 1985)


MARSSIM

Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual

MCL

Maximum Contaminant Level

MCLG

Maxiumum Containment Limit Goals

MIMS

Manifest Information Management System

MLLW

Mixed Low-Level Waste

MOU

Memorandum of Understanding

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
×

NARM

Naturally Occurring and Accelerator-Produced Radioactive Material

NCRP

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement

NEPA

National Environmental Policy Act (1969, amended 1970)

NESHAPs

National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

NMA

National Mining Association

NNSA

U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration

NORM

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials

NPDES

National Pollutant Discharge Effluent Standards

NRC

National Research Council

NRSB

Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board of the NRC

NTS

Nevada Test Site

NWPA

Nuclear Waste Policy Act (1982)


OAS

Organization of [USNRC] Agreement States

OSRP

Off-Site Source Recovery Program

OSWER

Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response


RPP

Radiation Protection Program

RCRA

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (1976, amended 1984)

Rem

Roentgen Equivalent Man

ROD

Record of Decision


SARA

Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986

SECC

Southeast Compact Commission

SDWA

Safe Drinking Water Act

SKB

Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company

SNF

Spent Nuclear Fuel

Superfund

Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund (CERCLA)


TENORM

Technologically Enhanced NORM

TRU

Transuranic

TSCA

Toxic Substances Control Act


UMTRCA

Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act

USACE

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

USNRC

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

USRTR

U.S. Radiological Threat Reduction Initiative


WIPP

Waste Isolation Pilot Plant

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
×
Page 209
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E Acronym List." National Research Council. 2006. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11595.
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Page 210
Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes Get This Book
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The largest volumes of radioactive wastes in the United States contain only small amounts of radioactive material. These low-activity wastes (LAW) come from hospitals, utilities, research institutions, and defense installations where nuclear material is used. Millions of cubic feet of LAW also arise every year from non-nuclear enterprises such as mining and water treatment. While LAW present much less of a radiation hazard than spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive wastes, they can cause health risks if controlled improperly.

Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes asserts that LAW should be regulated and managed according to the degree of risk they pose for treatment, storage, and disposal. Current regulations are based primarily on the type of industry that produced the waste--the waste's origin--rather than its risk. In this report, a risk-informed approach for regulating and managing all types of LAW in the United States is proposed. Implemented in a gradual or stepwise fashion, this approach combines scientific risk assessment with public values and perceptions. It focuses on the hazardous properties of the waste in question and how they compare with other waste materials. The approach is based on established principles for risk-informed decision making, current risk-informed initiatives by waste regulators in the United States and abroad, solutions available under current regulatory authorities, and remedies through new legislation when necessary.

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