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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix M Committee and Staff Biographies." Institute of Medicine. 2006. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health: Unfinished Business. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11602.
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M Committee and Staff Biographies Gerald E. Thomson, M.D. (Chair), is Professor of Medicine Emeritus and Senior Associate Dean Emeritus at the Columbia University College of Physi- cians and Surgeons. A graduate of Queens College and the Howard University College of Medicine, he was director of a dialysis unit at the State University of New York--Kings County Hospital Center from 1965 to 1968, Director of Medicine at Harlem Hospital from 1970 to 1985, Executive Vice President and Chief of Staff at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center from 1985 to 1990, and Senior Associate Dean from 1990 to 2003. From 1972 to 1985 he served on numerous advisory committees and panels on hypertension at the National Insti- tutes of Health (NIH) as well as on the NIH Clinical Trials Review Committee. More recently, he has served with efforts addressing delivery of primary medi- cal care, professionalism in medicine, and racial and ethnic disparities in medical care. Dr. Thomson is past President of the American College of Physi- cians and former Chairman of the American Board of Internal Medicine. He has been a member of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) since 1996. John F. Alderete, Ph.D., is Professor of Microbiology at the University of Texas (UT) Health Science Center at San Antonio. He received two B.S. degrees (math- ematics and biology) as an undergraduate student at New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology at Socorro. He received his Ph.D. in microbiology in 1978 from the University of Kansas-Lawrence. He did postdoctoral work at UNC-Chapel Hill prior to a faculty position at the UT Health Science Center at San Antonio. He has over 110 publications in peer-review journals and is the author of 54 book chapters and invited OP-ED editorials. His research on the 280

APPENDIX M 281 number one, nonviral sexually transmitted agent, Trichomonas vaginalis, has been presented as abstracts published in 138 proceedings of national and interna- tional scientific meetings, where he has also participated in, chaired, and orga- nized scientific symposia. His research has resulted in 5 patents and 2 patents- pending. He serves on three editorial boards and has been an ad hoc reviewer of 46 scientific journals. He is asked to speak on issues involving minorities, higher education, and the scientific workforce by government agencies. These include the President's National Science Board, the NIH, the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the White House Office for Science and Technology Policy, and White House "One Nation" on race and health disparities. He has received many honors and awards, most notably the Premio Encuentro Award for Science and Technology in 1992, the single highest honor given to a Hispanic in America. Dr. Alderete is the past president of the Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in the Sciences (SACNAS), and SACNAS has honored him with the 2003 Distinguished Scientist Award presented at the annual conference. He is an ASM Academy of Microbiology Fellow and was elected a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences. He is co-founder of a biotechnol- ogy company, Xenotope Diagnostics, Inc., that has FDA approval for two prod- ucts for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginitis. Moon S. Chen, Jr., Ph.D., M.P.H., is a Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences and the Associate Director for Cancer Disparities and Research at the University of California, Davis Cancer Center in Sacramento. He previously served as Chair, Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, School of Public Health at The Ohio State University's College of Medicine and Public Health. He has authored or co-authored over 90 refereed articles or abstracts that have appeared in various medical and scientific journals. Dr. Chen is frequently being sought for his expertise in public health and has served as a consultant to the Ministry of Public Health of the People's Republic of China, the U.S. Cen- ters for Disease Control, NIH, Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, University of South Florida, University of Hawaii, and the University of Califor- nia-San Diego, as well as state public health departments in California, Ohio, Michigan, Virginia, and Hawaii. He is perhaps best known as being a pre- eminent scholar/researcher in public health issues affecting Asian Americans. In 2002 President George W. Bush named him to the National Cancer Advisory Board for a six-year term; he is the only Asian American on that Board. In 2003, he was one of two non-Federal Co-Chairs of the first-ever Trans-HHS (U.S. Health and Human Services) Cancer Health Disparities Progress Review Group charged with overseeing and leading a national effort to reduce cancer health disparities. Later that year, Dr. Chen received the American Cancer Society's Humanitarian Award for his "unfailing commitment and considerable contribu- tions to the field of public health..." his "dedication to addressing and improv- ing the health of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders..." and his "leadership

282 EXAMINING THE HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH PLAN OF THE NIH in investigating and securing funds for continued research on the health dispari- ties within minority populations." Harvey R. Colten, M.D., Vice President and Senior Associate Dean for Aca- demic Affairs at Columbia University Medical Center, was the Chief Medical Officer, iMetrikus, Inc. and Clinical Professor Pediatrics at UCSF between 2000 and 2002. Previously, he served as Dean of the Medical School and VP for Medical Affairs at Northwestern University from 1997­1999 and was the Harriet B. Spoehrer Professor and Chair of the Department of Pediatrics at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO from 1986­1997. Dr. Colten earned a B.A. at Cornell in 1959, an M.D. from Western Reserve University in 1963, and an M.A. (Honorary) from Harvard in 1978. Following his clinical training in 1965, he was an investigator at NIH until 1970. In 1970, he was appointed to the faculty at the Harvard Medical School, where he was named Professor of Pediatrics in 1979 and Chief of the Division of Cell Biology, Pulmonary Medicine, and Director of the Cystic Fibrosis Program at Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston. Dr. Colten's research interests include the regulation of acute phase gene expression and genetic deficiencies of proteins that play a major role in pulmonary diseases, autoimmunity and inflammation, on which he has published more than 270 original articles, book chapters and invited reviews. He is a member of Alpha Omega Alpha and a recipient of other honors, including a Special Faculty Research Award from Western Reserve University, the E. Mead Johnson Award for Pediatric Research, a MERIT Award from NIH, Distinguished Service Award from the American Association of Immunologists, and Honorary Membership in the Hungarian Society of Immu- nology. He has been listed in Who's Who in America since 1982. He has trained more than 60 investigators in pediatric allergy/immunology, pulmonology and related scientific disciplines, many of whom have achieved leadership positions in academic medicine both nationally and internationally. He served on and was Vice Chairman of the Council of the Institute of Medicine. He is also a member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the Society for Pediatric Research, the Association of American Physicians, the American Pediatric Soci- ety, the American Association of Immunologists (former secretary and trea- surer), and the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. He is also a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Colten is a Diplomat of the American Board of Pediatrics and the American Board of Allergy and Immunology (former Board member and chair Examination Committee), and was a member of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Advisory Council and the Board of Managers Central Institute for the Deaf. He currently serves on the Boards of Immtech, International, Inc., Parents as Teachers and the March of Dimes Scientific Advisory Council. Dr. Colten has been on editorial boards and advisory committees of several leading

APPENDIX M 283 scientific and medical journals, including the New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal of Pediatrics, Journal of Immunology, and the Annual Review of Immunology. Dr. Colten is a member of the IOM and former member and Vice Chair of the IOM Council. Robert A. Hiatt, M.D., Ph.D., is the Director of Population Science and Deputy Director of the UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center. He is a Professor of Epide- miology and Biostatistics at UCSF and also a Senior Scientist for the national Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in Oakland. From 1998 to early 2003 he was the Deputy Director of the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), where he oversaw cancer re- search in epidemiology and genetics, surveillance, and health services research. Before that he was the Director of Prevention Sciences at the Northern California Cancer Center and also Assistant Director for Epidemiology at the Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in Northern California. He was trained in medicine at the University of Michigan and in epidemiology at the University of California at Berkeley. He is Board Certified in Preventive Medi- cine and, until taking his NCI position, practiced general internal medicine. After an early career in international health and tropical disease research, his research interests have included cancer epidemiology, especially breast cancer, cancer prevention and screening. He is a past president of the American College of Epidemiology and is now President of the American Society for Preventive On- cology. His central focus at UCSF is building a strong, interdisciplinary program in cancer population sciences that includes epidemiology and genetics, behavior and health services research, surveillance, and survivorship research. Sherman A. James, Ph.D., is the inaugural Susan B. King Professor of Public Policy Studies in the Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy, Duke University. Prior to joining Duke University, he taught at the University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill (1973­1989) and at the University of Michigan (1989­2003). At Michigan, he was the John P. Kirscht Collegiate Professor of Public Health with joint appointments in the Departments of Epidemiology and Health Behavior & Health Education in the School of Public Health. He was also a Senior Research Scientist in the Survey Research Center at the Institute for Social Research. Dr. James' research focuses on the social determinants of racial and ethnic health inequalities and community-based and public policy interventions designed to minimize these inequalities. Dr. James was elected to the IOM of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in 2000. In 2001, he received the Abraham Lilienfeld Award from the Epidemiology section of the American Public Health Associa- tion for career excellence in the teaching of epidemiology. He is a fellow of the American Epidemiological Society, the American College of Epidemiology, the American Heart Association, and the Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research. Currently, he serves as an Associate Editor of the American Journal of Public

284 EXAMINING THE HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH PLAN OF THE NIH Health. A social epidemiologist, Dr. James received his Ph.D. (Social Psychol- ogy) from Washington University, in St. Louis (1973). Ichiro Kawachi, M.D., Ph.D., is Professor of Social Epidemiology and the Director of the Harvard Center for Society and Health, both at the Harvard School of Public Health. Kawachi received his M.D. and Ph.D. (epidemiology), both from the University of Otago, New Zealand. Kawachi's research is focused on the social and economic determinants of population health. He has published over 300 peer-reviewed articles and reviews in scientific journals on health dis- parities. He was the co-editor (with Lisa Berkman) of the first textbook on Social Epidemiology, published by Oxford University Press in 2000, and currently in its 6th printing. His most recent books include The Health of Nations with Bruce Kennedy (The New Press, 2002) and Neighborhoods and Health with Lisa Berkman (Oxford University Press, 2003). A textbook on Globalization and Health (Oxford University Press), co-edited with Sarah Wamala of the Swedish National Institute of Public Health, is forthcoming in June 2006. Kawachi is the Co-Director of the Harvard site of the national Robert Wood Johnson Scholars Program in Health and Society, as well as the site director of the national Kellogg Foundation Fellows in Minority Health Disparities. Kawachi is also the Senior Editor (Social Epidemiology) of the international journal Social Science & Medi- cine, as well as an Editor of the American Journal of Epidemiology. He has served as a consultant/special advisor to the Pan-American Health Organization, the World Health Organization, and the World Bank. Claude Lenfant, M.D., is the former director of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). He received his B.S. degree in 1948 from the Univer- sity of Rennes, France, and his M.D. in 1956 from the University of Paris. In 1960, he joined the University of Washington in Seattle where he rose to the rank of Professor of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics. In 1970, Dr. Lenfant was appointed the first associate director for lung programs of the then NHLI. This program evolved into the Division of Lung Diseases, formed in 1972, with Dr. Lenfant as its director. For his accomplishments he was awarded the HEW Supe- rior Service Honor Award in 1974. The Division of Lung Diseases continued to grow and to coordinate a strong and diverse program of research into the preven- tion, diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. He became NIH associate director for international research and director of the Fogarty International Center in 1980, positions he held until his appointment as director of NHLBI in 1982. In 1983 he was elected member of the IOM, NAS. He was named Distinguished Executive of the Senior Executive Service in 1991 and Federal Executive of the Year in 1992 by the Federal Executive Alumni Association. Dr. Lenfant received the Surgeon General's Exemplary Award in 1993, the Laura Graves Award-- National Marrow Donor Program and the Consortium of Southeastern Hyperten- sion Centers' Excellence in Leadership Award in 1995, and the Honorary Fel-

APPENDIX M 285 lowship Award from the American College of Cardiology in 1997. In 1992 he received the Golden Heart Award of the American Heart Association. He holds honorary degrees from the University of New York at Buffalo; Wake Forest University, Winston Salem; University of Medona, Italy; University of Montpellier, France; and the Medical University of Toledo, Ohio. His member- ships include the Soviet Union's Academy of Medical Sciences and of the Na- tional French Academy of Medicine. He is a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (London), an honorary member of the Royal Society of Medicine, and an honorary fellow in the Polish Society of Hypertension. Dr. Lenfant is a mem- ber of the American Society for Clinical Investigation, and the Association of American Physicians. He has served on the editorial boards of the Journal of Applied Physiology, American Review of Respiratory Disease, and the American Journal of Medicine. He is the chief editor of a series of monographs, Lung Biology in Health and Disease, that includes 212 volumes. He has published 308 papers in his areas of research interest. Spero M. Manson, Ph.D., is Professor of Psychiatry, and Head, American In- dian and Alaska Native Programs at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center. Over the last 19 years, Dr. Manson and his colleagues have acquired a research portfolio currently in excess of $62 million, drawing upon federal, state, private, and tribal sources, and involving collaboration with 102 Indian and Na- tive communities. He has published over 160 articles on the assessment, epidemi- ology, and prevention of alcohol, drug, mental and physical health problems across the developmental life span of Indian and Native people. Dr. Manson is the founding editor of American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, a professionally refereed journal dedicated to this area of concern. He also serves on a wide range of boards and panels, including the National Institute of Mental Health, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Technology Assessment, IOM, State of Oregon Governor's Commission on Al- cohol and Drugs, American Association of Retired Persons, Gerontological Soci- ety of America, and Denver Community Mental Health Commission. Dr. Manson has received numerous awards for his work, including the Colorado Public Health Association Researcher of the Year (1994), Beverly Visiting Professorship at the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (1995), the Indian Health Service's Distinguished Service Award (1996, 2004), the prestigious Rema Lapouse Mental Health Epidemiology Award from the American Public Health Association (1998), Walker-Ames Professorship at the University of Washington (1999­2000), the Hammer Award from former Vice President Gore (1999), be- ing named among the 10 Best TeleHealth Programs in the US by TeleHealth Magazine, and election to the IOM (2002). Jeanne Miranda, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at UCLA. She is a mental health services researcher who

286 EXAMINING THE HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH PLAN OF THE NIH has focused her work on providing mental health care to low-income and minor- ity communities. She holds a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from University of Kansas and completed post-doctoral training at University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Miranda's major research contributions have been in evaluating the impact of mental health care for ethnic minority communities. She conducted a trial of treatment of depression in impoverished minority patients at San Fran- cisco General Hospital. Traditional care for depression was contrasted with tradi- tional care supplemented by case management. Case management offered addi- tional benefits for Latino patients but was not beneficial for African American and white participants. She has also studied the impact of care for depression in low-income, minority women screened through county entitlement programs. This study found that short-term care for depression is effective for impoverished women, but outreach is necessary to engage these women in care. Dr. Miranda is an investigator in two UCLA centers focusing on improving disparities in health care for ethnic minorities. She directs community cores and an innovative re- search core focusing on translating lifestyle interventions (diet and exercise) for low-income and minority communities. She was the Senior Scientific Editor of Mental Health: Culture, Race and Ethnicity, A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General, published August 2001. She is a member of the IOM of the NAS. Kyu Bak Louis Rhee, M.D., M.P.P., serves as a primary care physician and medical director at the Upper Cardozo Community Health Center in Washington, DC. He is board-certified in both Internal Medicine and Pediatrics and he is an active member of the National Health Service Corps. As medical director of the largest community health center serving the underserved in Washington, DC, he manages and leads a staff of over 40 full- and part-time clinicians. He also has a joint appointment at the George Washington University School of Public Health in the Departments of Prevention and Community Health and Health Policy. He teaches a course on Health Disparities and Community Health Management and Leadership. In addition, Dr. Rhee is the immediate Past President of the Board of the Association of Clinicians for the Underserved (ACU). ACU is a national, nonprofit, transdisciplinary organization of clinicians, advocates, and health care organizations united in a common mission to improve the health of America's underserved populations by enhancing the development and support of the health care clinicians serving these populations. Prior to coming to Washington, DC, Kyu did his residency and served as a Chief Resident in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. His medi- cal school training occurred at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He also finished a Master's degree in Public Policy with a concentration in Health Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. His undergraduate education was at Yale University where he re-

APPENDIX M 287 ceived a Bachelor's degree in Science in Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and also served as President of the 5,100-member student body. Lynne D. Richardson, M.D., F.A.C.E.P., is Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine and Vice Chair for Academic, Research and Community Programs of the Department of Emergency Medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. She holds Bachelor of Science degrees from the Massachu- setts Institute of Technology in Life Sciences and Management; and an M.D. degree from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (AECOM). Her post- doctoral training included the Emergency Medicine Residency at Jacobi Hospital/ AECOM, and a research fellowship with the AAMC Health Services Research Institute. Dr. Richardson is a nationally recognized expert in health services research; her areas of interest are access to care, ED utilization and ED crowding. She was the Principal Investigator of the Emergency Medicine Patients' Access to Healthcare (EMPATH) Study and the New York City Site Principal Investiga- tor for the PAD Trial, an NHLBI-funded, randomized trial of public access defibrillation. She is currently Principal Investigator of "Community VOICES" (Views On Informed Consent In Emergency Situations), an NHLBI-funded project to study community perspectives on the ethics of research without con- sent in emergency conditions. She has served on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Research Training study section, and review panels for the National Institute for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and NHLBI. Dr. Richardson serves on the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Public Health Committee and for the past three years has been national ACEP liaison to the Healthy People 2010 Consortium. Dr. Richardson's other current memberships include the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) HP 2010 Task Force, the joint SAEM/CORD (Council of Residency Directors) Diversity Curriculum Task Force, the New York City Board of Health and the New York City Advisory Committee on Weapons of Mass Destruction. Antonia M. Villarruel, Ph.D., is Professor and The Nola J. Pender Collegiate Chair in Health Promotion at The University of Michigan. She has an extensive background in health promotion and health disparities research and practice. Her research focuses on the development and testing interventions to reduce HIV sexual risk among Mexican and Latino youth. Dr. Villarruel is also the Director of a National Institute of Nursing Research P20, which is a partnership with the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio, designed to increase the capacity of minority nurse researchers. Dr. Villarruel has assumed leadership roles in many national and local organizations. She is the Vice President and founding member of the National Coalition of Ethnic Minority Nursing Associa- tions and past president of the National Association of Hispanic Nurses. She was appointed by Secretary Thompson to the HRSA/CDC HIV/STD Advisory Coun-

288 EXAMINING THE HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH PLAN OF THE NIH cil and also served as a charter member of the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services' Advisory Council on Minority Health and Health Disparities. David R. Williams, Ph.D., is at the University of Michigan where he serves as the Harold W. Cruse Collegiate Professor of Sociology, a Senior Research Scien- tist at the Institute for Social Research, a Professor of Epidemiology in the School of Public Health, and a Faculty Associate in the Center for AfroAmerican and African Studies and the Program of Research on Black Americans. Previously, he was an Associate Professor of Sociology, Yale University, and Associate Profes- sor of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine. He holds a master's degree in public health from Loma Linda University and a Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Michigan. His research has focused on social influences on health and he is centrally interested in the trends and determinants of socioeconomic and racial differences in mental and physical health. He is the author of more than 125 papers in scientific journals and edited collections. He has served as a member of the editorial board of 8 scientific journals and as a reviewer for some 45 others. In 1995, he received an Investigator Award in Health Policy Research from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. In 2001, he was elected as a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. He has served on the Department of Health and Human Services' National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics (and chair of its subcommittee on Minority and Other Special Populations), and on five panels for the IOM/NAS. He has also held elected and appointed positions in professional organizations, such as the American Socio- logical Association and the American Public Health Association. Currently, he is a member of the board of directors for Academy Health and is a member of the MacArthur Foundation's Research Network on Socioeconomic Status and Health. HEALTH SCIENCES POLICY BOARD LIAISON Martha N. Hill, R.N., Ph.D., FAAN, is Dean and Professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing. Dr. Hill has been a faculty member of the School of Nursing since it opened in 1983 and holds academic appointments in The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health and The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. From 1994 to 2001, she directed the School of Nursing Center for Nursing Research. Dr. Hill received a doctorate in behavioral sciences from The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, a Master of Science degree in nursing from the University of Pennsylvania, and a Bachelor of Science degree in nursing from The Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Hill is a Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing and a member of the IOM of the NAS. She served as the co-Vice Chair of the IOM Committee which produced the 2002 publication "Unequal Treatment: Con-

APPENDIX M 289 fronting Ethical and Racial Disparities in Health Care." She also served on the IOM/National Research Council committee which produced the report "Enhanc- ing the Vitality of the National Institutes of Health: Organizational Change to Meet New Challenges." Currently she serves on the IOM Board on Health Sci- ences Policy. Dr. Hill also is a past president of the American Heart Association (1997­1998), the only nonphysician to serve in that role. Internationally known for her research, Dr. Hill's studies have focused on preventing and treating hyper- tension and its complications, particularly among young, urban African Ameri- can men. She currently is an active investigator on several NIH-funded projects, including "Comprehensive HBP Care for Young Urban Black Men," "Barriers to HBP Care and Control in Black South Africans," and "Research Training in Health Disparities in Underserved Populations." Dr. Hill has also consulted on hypertension and other cardiovascular-related issues among populations outside the United States, including those in Australia, Israel, Scotland, South Africa, and China. Dr. Hill has over 150 publications, including journal articles and book chapters on hypertension care and control, nurse led clinics, and community outreach. She currently serves on several review panels, editorial boards, and advisory committees including the Board of Directors of Research!America. IOM PROJECT STAFF Faith Mitchell, Ph.D., is a Senior Program Officer at The National Academies, where she has been on the staff since 1995. Her professional experience includes ethnographic research, academic appointments, philanthropy, and government service. She is co-editor of several National Research Council reports, including Multiple Origins, Uncertain Destinies: Hispanics and the American Future; His- panics and the Future of America; Terrorism: Perspectives from the Behavioral and Social Sciences; Discouraging Terrorism: Some Implications of 9/11; America Becoming: Racial Trends and Their Consequences; Governance and Opportunity in Metropolitan America; and Premature Death in the New Indepen- dent States. Her doctorate is in medical anthropology from the University of California, Berkeley. Monique B. Williams, Ph.D., is a Program Officer at The National Academies. Dr. Williams received her B.A. in Urban Studies from Vanderbilt University in 1997. After receiving her Ph.D. in Demography from the University of Pennsyl- vania in 2001, she worked as a demographic statistician at the U.S. Census Bureau. She joined the IOM staff for the Committee on the Review and Assess- ment of the NIH's Strategic Research Plan to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities in 2004 after serving as a research analyst on the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism-sponsored Alcohol Epidemiology Database Surveillance project at CSR, Incorporated.

290 EXAMINING THE HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH PLAN OF THE NIH Thelma Cox is a Senior Program Assistant in the Board on Health Sciences Policy. During her years at the IOM, she has also provided assistance to the Division of Health Care Services and the Division of Biobehavioral Sciences and Mental Disorders. Ms. Cox has worked on several IOM reports, including In the Nation's Compelling Interest: Ensuring Diversity in the Health-Care Workforce; Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care; and Ethical Issues Relating to the Inclusion of Women in Clinical Studies. She has received the National Research Council Recognition Award and two IOM Staff Achievement Awards.

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In the United States, health among racial and ethnic minorities, as well as poor people, is significantly worse than the overall U.S. population. Health disparities are reflected by indices such as excess mortality and morbidity and shorter life expectancy. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health is an assessment of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Strategic Research Plan and Budget to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities. It focuses on practical solutions to remedy the state of the current health disparity crisis.

The NIH has played the leading role in conducting extensive research on minority health and health disparities for more than two decades. Although additional research is critical to facilitating a better understanding of the overarching social, economic, educational, and environmental factors that predispose groups to specific diseases and conditions, there is also a great need to translate the existing and new information into best care practices. This means increasing communication with affected populations and their communities. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health presents solutions to improving the health disparities nationwide and evaluates the NIH strategy plan designed to actively correct and combat the ongoing health disparities dilemma.

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