ences. He is also a fellow of the Hastings Center. He received a B.A. from Guilford College, a B.D. from Yale Divinity School, and an M.A. and a Ph.D. from Yale University. Dr. Childress has cochaired the National Research Council Subcommittee on Use of Third Party Toxicity Research with Human Test Subjects and has served as a member of the IOM Committee on Establishing a National Cord Blood Stem Cell Bank Program and the IOM Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks: Issues and Implications for Health.

Mary Ann Baily, Ph.D., is an associate for ethics and health policy at The Hastings Center. She received a B.A. degree in mathematics from Harvard University, an M.A. in economics from Northwestern University, and a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She has served as a fellow at the Institute for Ethics of the American Medical Association, in which she participated in an educational program in ethics and carried out independent research on ethical issues in managed care. Dr. Baily served as the staff economist for the President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. She was a member of the economics faculty of Yale University from 1973 to 1979. Dr. Baily’s research interests include access to health care; ethical issues raised by human growth hormone therapy; the implications of human immunodeficiency virus infection, organ transplantation, and Alzheimer’s disease for health care financing; the ethics of improving health care quality and safety; and ethical decision making for the genetic screening of newborns. She is a fellow of the Hastings Center and has been a member of the Ethics Task Force of the Society of Critical Care Medicine.

Richard J. Bonnie, LL.B., is the John S. Battle Professor of Law and a professor of psychiatric medicine at the University of Virginia and director of the University’s Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Public Policy. He writes and teaches in the fields of health law and policy; the regulation of alcohol, tobacco, and controlled substances; mental health law and policy; bioethics; and criminal law. He served as associate director of the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse, as secretary of the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse, and as a member of two MacArthur Foundation Research Networks in mental health law. He is a member of the IOM and has chaired a number of IOM and National Research Council committees including the Committee on Reducing Tobacco Use, the Committee on Developing a Strategy to Prevent and Reduce Underage Drinking, the Committee on the Risk and Prevalence of Elder Abuse, the Committee on Injury Prevention and Control, and the Committee on Opportunities in Drug Abuse Research.