which disaster research findings are being implemented in local emergency operations plans, procedures, and training.

Recommendation 3.8: Research is needed to identify the factors that promote the adoption of more effective disaster recovery preparedness measures.

Recommendation 3.9: Research should be conducted to develop better models to guide protective action decision making in emergencies.

Recommendation 3.10: Research is needed on training and exercising for disaster response.

Recommendation 3.11: Research should be conducted to develop better models of hazard adjustment adoption and implementation by community organizations.

Recommendation 3.12: There is a continuing need for further research on hazard insurance.

Recommendation 4.1: Future research should focus on further empirical explorations of societal vulnerability and resilience to natural, technological, and willfully caused hazards and disasters.

Recommendation 4.2: Future research should focus on the special requirements associated with responding to and recovering from willful attacks and disease outbreaks.

Recommendation 4.3: Future research should focus on the societal consequences of changes in government organization and in emergency management legislation, authorities, policies and plans that have occurred as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, as well as on changes that will almost certainly occur as a result of Hurricane Katrina.

Recommendation 4.4: Research is needed to update current theories and findings on disaster response and recovery in light of changing demographic, economic, technological, and social trends such as those highlighted in Chapter 2 and elsewhere in this report.

Recommendation 4.5: More research is needed on response and recovery for near-catastrophic and catastrophic disaster events.

Recommendation 4.6: More cross-societal research is needed on natural, technological, and willfully caused hazards and disasters.