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Fish oil group:
1.0 g fish oil/capsule, 4 capsules/day
3.7 g n-3 PUFA/capsule
(56% DHA, 27.7% EPA)
Placebo group:
1 g olive oil/capsule, 4 capsules/day
(66.6% n-9 oleic acid, <1% n-3 PUFA)
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“Levels of n-6 PUFA AA were significantly lower in the fish oil group (15.02±1.44%, p<0.001), compared with the placebo group (17.45±1.17%). There was no difference in the levels of oleic acid between the groups.”
“Interleukin-13 levels were significantly lower (geometric mean 9.61, 95% CI 5.46-16.93, p=0.025) in neonates whose mothers received fish-oil supplements in pregnancy compared to the placebo group (geometric mean 26.32, 95% CI 13.44-51.55).”
“There were no significant differences in the frequency of lymphocyte subsets between the two groups with respect to total T cells, T helper cells, T suppressor cells, NK cells, and B cells.”
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B
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High n-3 group:
10 capsules
6.6 g/day n-3 PUFA
(3 g EPA/2.9 g DHA)
Low n-3 group:
3 capsules n-3, 7 capsules of olive oil
2 g/day n-3 PUFA
0.9 g EPA/0.8 g DHA
Placebo group:
10 capsules
Olive oil
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n-3 PUFA in granulocytes (both for EPA and DHA) and in platelets (both for EPA and DHA) were significantly higher after supplementation, compared to before supplementation, for those in the high n-3 group and the low n-3 group (p<0.01).
Plasma triacylglycerols were significantly lower after supplementation, compared to before supplementation, for those in the high n-3 group (p<0.01) and the low n-3 group (p<0.05).
The changes in DHA in granulocytes and plasma triacylglyercols after supplementation were significantly higher in the high n-3 group compared to the placebo group (p<0.05).
The changes in EPA in granulocytes and EPA and DHA in platelets were significantly higher in the high n-3 group than in the low n-3 group and the placebo group (p<0.05).
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B
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