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Potential Long-Term Outcomes in Adults with Clinical Disease
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|
Disease or Syndrome
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Acute Syndrome(s) in Adults
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Disease(s), Syndrome(s), or Clinical Features
|
Frequency of Occurrence of Outcomesa
|
Delay Between Acute Infection and Onset of Outcomesb
|
|
More Prevalent in Southwest and South- Central Asia Than in the United States
|
|
Anthrax
(Bacillus anthracis)
|
Abdominal anthrax: initially fever, acute gastroenteritis, vomiting, bloody diarrhea; hemorrhagic lesions of intestinal lumen followed by massive infected ascites, septicemia, death
|
Sepsis or infection-related organ damage
|
Frequent
|
No
|
|
|
Inhalational anthrax: fever, chills, malaise, cough, nausea or vomiting, dyspnea, sweats, chest discomfort or pleuritic pain, muscle aches, headache followed by respiratory distress due to hemorrhagic mediastinitis and mediastinal lymphadenitis with pleural effusions; often terminates in respiratory damage, shock, death
|
Sepsis or infection-related organ damage
|
Frequent
|
No
|
|
|
Oropharyngeal anthrax: fever, lesion in oral cavity, pharyngeal pain, cervical edema, local lymphadenitis
|
Sepsis or infection-related organ damage
|
Frequent
|
No
|
|
|
Cutaneous anthrax: eschar with surrounding edema, regional lymphadenopathy, fever, malaise, headache; bacteremia in 5% of untreated persons
|
Sepsis or infection-related organ damage
|
Rare
|
No
|
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Brucellosisc
(Brucella spp)
(see Chapter 5 for detailed discussion)
|
Fever, headache, myalgia, hepatosplenomegaly, arthritis, meningoencephalitis
|
Arthritis
|
Common (if untreated)
|
Yes (weeks to years)
|
|
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Fatigue
|
Common
|
Yes (weeks to years)
|
|
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Hepatic abnormalities
|
Rare
|
Yes (weeks to years)
|
|
|
Mental inattention
|
Rare
|
Yes (weeks to years)
|
|
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Neurologic disease
|
Rare
|
Yes (weeks to years)
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