2-12

Synthetic cohort life course, career processes, and outcomes examined, and data sources,

168

2-13

Sex-specific probabilities for selected pathways to an S/E baccalaureate,

170

2-14

Trends in female-male ratio of publication rate,

172

Section 1

1-1

Methods Used by University of California, Berkeley Departments to Enhance Faculty Hiring Pool,

79

1-2

Intentions of Freshman to Major in Science and Engineering Fields, by Race, Ethnicity, and Sex, 2002,

83

Section 2

2-1

The Magnitude of Gender Differences in Mathematics Performance as a Function of Age and Cognitive Level of the Test,

129

2-2

Effect Sizes for Gender Differences in Mathematics and Science Test Performance Across Countries,

133

2-3

Total Responses to Question 1,

140

2-4

Categorization of Question 1 across Year of Award,

141

2-5

Standardized Mean Gender Difference of Math Achievement Scores Among High School Seniors by Cohort,

169

2-6

Female-to-Male Ratio of the Odds of Achieving in the Top 5% of the Distribution of Math Achievement Test Scores Among High School Seniors by Cohort,

169

2-7

Estimated Female-to-Male Ratio of Publication,

172

2-8

Female-to-Male Odds Ratio of Post-Baccalaureate Career Paths by Family Status,

173

2-9

Comparison between Conventional Thinking and Our Findings,

174

1-1

Meta-Analysis,

12

1-2

Stereotype Threat,

33

1-3

The Economist’s Perspective,

57

1-4

Bias Avoidance Behaviors,

62

1-5

Pioneers Have Predictable Problems,

65