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Suggested Citation:"Concluding Remarks." National Research Council. 2007. SBIR and the Phase III Challenge of Commercialization: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11851.
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Concluding Remarks

Jacques S. Gansler

University of Maryland


In calling the conference to a close, Dr. Gansler noted that the broader goal of the SBIR program is for the results of research to be utilized. The idea was not to emphasize Phase III at the expense of Phases I and II, but to do it in addition to Phases I and II. Every science and technology organization faced the same challenge of finding the right balance between the “R” and the “D.”

In fact, he concluded, research needs vigorous emphasis at every level— certainly at the level that produces revolutionary ways of doing things—if we as a nation are going to maintain our leadership in technological innovation and economic development.

Suggested Citation:"Concluding Remarks." National Research Council. 2007. SBIR and the Phase III Challenge of Commercialization: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11851.
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In response to a Congressional mandate, the National Research Council conducted a review of the Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR) at the five federal agencies with SBIR programs with budgets in excess of $100 million (DOD, NIH, NASA, DOE, and NSF). The project was designed to answer questions of program operation and effectiveness, including the quality of the research projects being conducted under the SBIR program, the commercialization of the research, and the program's contribution to accomplishing agency missions. This report summarizes the presentations at a symposium exploring the effectiveness of Phase III of the SBIR program (the commercialization phase), during which innovations funded by Phase II awards move from the laboratory into the marketplace. No SBIR funds support Phase III; instead, to commercialize their products, small businesses are expected to garner additional funds from private investors, the capital markets, or from the agency that made the initial award.

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