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Appendix B Bibliography Abelson, R., and A. Levi. 1985. Decision making and decision theory. In Handbook of Social Psychology, ad ea., G. Lindzey and E. Aronson, eds. New York: Random House. Ackerman, B. A., and W. T. Hassler. 1977. Clean Coal, Dirty Air. New Haven Conn.: Yale University Press. Ahearne, J. 1987. Nuclear power after Chernobyl. Science 236~4802~:673-679. Allen, F. W. 1987. Towards a holistic appreciation of risk: The challenge for communicators and policymakers. Science, Technology, and Human Values 12(3&4):138-143. Ames, B. N., L. S. Gold, and R. Magaw. 1987a. Letter. Science 237~4821~:1399- 1400. Ames, B. N., R. Magaw, and L. S. Gold. 1987b. Ranking possible carcinogenic hazards. Science 236~4799~:271-280. Appelbaum, P. S., C. W. Lidz, and A. Meisel. 1987. Informed Consent: Legal Theory and Clinical Practice. New York: Oxford University Press. Aries, P. 1974. Western Attitudes Toward Death. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. Arrow, K. J. 1982. Risk perception in psychology and economics. Economic Inquiry 20~1~:1-9. Ashford, N. A., C. W. Ryan, and C. C. Cald art. 1983. A hard look at federal regulation of formaldehyde: A departure from reasoned decisionmaking. Harvard Environmental Law Review 7:297-370. Atkinson, S. E., T. D. Crocker, and R. G. Murdock. 1985. Have priors in aggregate air pollution epidemiology dictated posteriors? Journal of Urban Economics 17:319-334. Baird, B. N. R. 1986. Tolerance for environmental health risks: The influence of knowledge, benefits, voluntariness, and environmental attitudes. Risk Analysis 6~4~:425-435. 193
194 APPENDIX B Bandura, A. 1978. The self system in reciprocal determinism. American Psychologist (April):344-358. Barkdoll, G. L. 1983. Involving constituents in agency priority setting: A case study. Evaluation and Program Planning 6:31-37. Barles, B., and J. Kotas. 1987. Pesticides and the nation's ground water. EPA Journal 13~4~:42-43. Bartlett, J. 1980. Familiar Quotations, 15th ed. Boston: Little, Brown. Bean, M. C. 1987. Tools for environmental professionals involved in risk communication at hazardous waste facilities undergoing siting, permitting, or remediation. Paper presented at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Association Dedicated to Air Pollution Control and Hazardous Waste Management, New York, June 21-26, 1987. Bean, M. C. 1988. Speaking of risk. Civil Engineering (February):59-61. Bean, M. C., and M. K. Null. 1988. A Workshop for Citizens on Risk As- sessment. EPA pilot project. Reston, Va.: CH2M Hill. Benson, H., L. Gordon, C. Mitchell, and V. Place. 1977. Patient education and intrauterine contraception: A study of two package inserts. American Journal of Public Health 67~5~:446-449. Berreth, D. 1987. Presentation to National Research Council Committee on Risk Perception and Communication meeting, Washington, D.C., November 17, 1987. Beyth-Marom, R. 1982. How probable is probable? Journal of Forecasting 1:257-269. Breslow, L., S. Brown, and J. van Ryzin. 1986. Letter. Science 234~4779~:923. Brickman, R., S. Jasanoff, and T. Ilgen. 1985. Controlling Chemicals: The Politics of Regulation in Europe and the United States. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. Broome, T. H. 1986. The slippery ethics of engineering. The Washington Post, December 28:D3a. Brown, G. 1987. The outlook for a new pesticides law. EPA Journal 13~4~:35- 36. Budescu, D. V., and T. S. Wallsten. 1987. Subjective estimation of precise and vague uncertainties. In Judgmental Forecasting, G. Wright and P. Ayton, eds. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Burnham, D. 1976. Energy Agency Data Termed Misleading. New York Times, September 30:A13. Campbell, G., and K. O. Ott. 1979. Statistical evaluation of major human errors during the development of new technological systems. Nuclear Science and Engineering 71:267-279. Campt, D. 1987. Daminozide: A case study of a pesticide controversy. EPA Journal 13~4~:32-34. Carpenter, S. L., and W. J. D. Kennedy. 1988. Managing Public Disputes. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass. Carson, R. 1962. Silent Spring. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin. Chaiken, S. 1980. Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39~5~:752-766. Chemical and Engineering News. 1985. Union Carbide: New accidents revive safety issue. (August 19~:4.
APPENDIX B 195 Chemical Education for Public Understanding Project. 1986. Risk Module Teachers Guide (draft). University of California at Berkeley, November 18, 1986. Chemical Manufacturers Association. 1986. CAER Progress Report. Washing- ton, D.C.: Chemical Manufacturers Association. Cialdini, R. B. 1984. Influence: How and Why People Agree to Things. New York: Morrow. Clark, W. C. 1980. Witches, floods, and wonder drugs: Historical perspectives on risk management. In Societal Risk Assessment: How Safe Is Safe Enough?, R. C. Schwing and W. A. Albers, Jr., eds. New York: Plenum Press. Cohen, B. L. 1987. Reducing the hazards of nuclear power: Insanity in action. Physics and Society 16~3~:2-4. Cohen, J. 1962. The statistical power of abnormal-social psychological research: A review. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 65~3~:145-153. Cohen, J. L. 1985. Strategy or identity: New theoretical paradigms and contemporary social movements. Social Research 5 2 :663-716. Coppock, R. 1987. Risk perception and communication. Working paper for the National Research Council Committee on Risk Perception and Communi- cation meeting, Washington, D.C., May 26-27, 1987. Council on Environmental Quality. 1985. Report of an Expert Meeting on Re- search Needs and Opportunities at Federally-Supervised Hazardous Waste Site Clean-Ups, Council on Environmental Quality, Washington, D.C.: October 28-30, 1985. Covello, V. T. 1984. Actual and perceived risk: A review of the literature. In Technological Risk Assessment, P. F. Ricci, L. A. Sagan, and C. G. Whipple, eds. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. Covello, V. T., and M. Abernathy. 1984. Risk analysis and technological , hazards: A policy-related bibliography. In Technological Risk Assessment, P. F. Ricci, L. A. Sagan, and C. G. Whipple, eds. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. Covello, V. T., and F. Allen. 1988. Seven Cardinal Rules of Risk Communica- tion. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Policy Analysis. Covello, V. T., D. van Winterfeldt, and P. Slovic. 1986. Risk communication: A review of the literature. Risk Abstracts 3~4~:171-182. Covello, V. T., L. B. Lave, A. Moghissi, and V. R. R. Uppuluri, eds. 1987a. Uncertainty in Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Decision Making. New York: Plenum Press. Covello, V. T., P. Slovic, and D. van Winterfeldt. 1987b. Risk Communica- tion: A Review of the Literature. Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation. Covello, V. T., P. M. Sandman, and P. Slovic. 1988. Risk Communication, Risk Statistics, and Risk Comparisons: A Manual for Plant Managers. Washington, D.C.: Chemical Manufacturers Association. Crouch, E. A. C., and R. Wilson. 1982. Risk/Elenefit Analysis. Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger. Cvetkovich, G., C. Vlek, and T. C. Earle. In press. Designing public hazard communication programs about large-scale technologies. In Social Decision Methodologies for Technological Projects, C. Vlek and G. Cvetkovich, eds. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
196 APPENDIX B Davies, J. C., V. T. Covello, and F. W. Allen, eds. 1987. Risk Communication. Washington, D.C.: The Conservation Foundation. Davis, D. 1987. Presentation to National Research Council Committee on Risk Perception and Communication meeting, Washington, D.C., November 17, 1987. Davis, D. L., A. D. Lilienfeld, A. Gittelsohn, and M. E. Scheckenbach. 1986. Increasing trends in some cancers in older Americans: Fact or artifact? Toxicology and Industrial Health 2~1~:127-144. Deisler, P. F., Jr. 1988. The risk management-risk assessment interface. Environment, Science, and Technology 22~1~:15-19. Department of Health and Human Services. 1986. Determining Risks to Health: Federal Policy and Practice. Dover, Mass.: Auburn House Publishing. Derbaix, C. 1983. Perceived risk and risk relievers an empirical investigation. Journal of Economic Psychology 3:19-38. Dezern, J. N. 1988. Risk assessment and ASTM: Reasons for and against ASTM's involvement. ASTM Standardization News 88(February):52-55. Diamond, S. 1985. Carbide blames a faulty design for toxic leak; ejects can be serious, company memo says. New York Times, August 13:A1, Be. Dickson, D. 1984. The New Politics of Science. New York: Pantheon. Dickson, R. B. 1987. Risk assessment and the law: Evolving criteria by which carcinogenicity risk assessments are evaluated in the legal community. In Uncertainty in Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Decision Making, V. T. Covello, L. B. Lane, A. Moghissi, and V. R. R. Uppuluri, eds. New York: Plenum Press. Dietz, T. M., and R. W. Rycroft. 1987. The Risk Professionals. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Dietz, T., P. C. Stern, and R. W. Rycroft. 1989. Definitions of conflict and the legitimation of resources: The case of environmental risk. Sociological Forum 4~1~:47-70. Dirkin, G. R. 1983. Cognitive tunneling: Use of visual information under stress. Perceptual and Motor Skills 56:191-198. Douglas, M. 1985. Risk Acceptability According to the Social Sciences. Social Research Perspectives. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Douglas, M., and A. Wildav~sky. 1982. Risk and Culture. Berkeley: University of California Press. Dreman, D. 1979. Contrarian investment strategy. New York: Random House. Dunlap, R. E. 1987. Public opinion and the environment in the Reagan era. Environment 29(July/August) :6-11, 32-37. Dunlap, R. E., J. K. Grieneeks, and M. Rokeack. 1983. Human values and pro-environmental behavior. In Energy and Material Resources: Attitudes, Values, and Public Policy, W. D. Conn, ed. AAAS Selected Symposium 75. Boulder, Colo.: Westview. Dunwoody, S., M. Friestad, and M. A. Shapiro. 1987. Conveying risk infor- mation in the mass media. Paper presented to the Mass Communication Division of the International Communication Association, May 1987. Eagly, A. H., and S. Chaiken. 1985. Psychological theories of persuasion. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, L. Berkowitz, ed. New York: Academic Press. Economist, The. 1987. Making company disasters less disastrous (January 31~:55-56.
APPENDIX B 197 Edwards, W., and D. van Winterfeldt. 1986. Public disputes about risky tech- nologies: Stakeholders and arenas. In Risk Evaluation and Management, V. T. Covello, J. Menkes, and J. Mumpower, eds. New York: Plenum Press. Elliott, M. L. P. 1987. The effect of differing assessments of risk in hazardous waste facility siting negotiations. Paper presented at the Workshop on Negotiating Hazardous Waste Facility Siting and Permitting Agreements, The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C., June 15, 1987. Environmental Protection Agency. 1987a. Answering questions about pesti- cides: An interview with John A. Moore. EPA Journal 13~4~:4-8. Environmental Protection Agency. 1987b. A consumer's guide to safer pesticide use. EPA Journal 13~4~:9-31. Environmental Protection Agency, Science Advisory Board. 1988. Letter of March 9. Faden, R. 1987. Ethical issues in government sponsored public health cam- paigns. Health Education Quarterly 14~1~:27-37. leaden, R. R., and T. L. Beauchamp. 1986. A History and Theory of Informed Consent. New York: Oxford University Press. Ferguson, E. S. 1987. Risk and the American engineering profession: The ASME boiler code and American industrial safety standards. In The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk, B. B. Johnson and V. T. Covello, eds. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel. File, S. E., and A. Jew. 1973. Syntax and the recall of instructions in a realistic situation. British Journal of Psychology 64:65-70. Fischhoff, B. 1982. Debiasing. In Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases, D. Kahneman, P. Slovic, and A. Tversky, eds. New York: Cambridge University Press. Fischhoff, B. 1983. `'Acceptable risks: The case of nuclear power. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 2~4~:559-575. Fischhoff, B. 1984. Setting standards: A systematic approach to managing public health and safety risks. Management Science 30~7~:823-843. Fischhoff, B. 1985a. Managing risk perceptions. Issues in Science and Technol- ogy 2~1~:83-96. Fischhoff, B. 1985b. Protocols for environmental reporting: What to ask the experts. The Journalist (Winter) :11-15. Fischhoff, B. 1985c. Risk analysis demystified. NCAP News (Winter):30-33. Fischhoff, B. 1987. Treating the public with risk communications: A public health perspective. Science, Technology, and Human Values 12~3&4~:13- 19. Fischhoff, B. 1988. Judgment and decision making. In The Psychology of Human Thought, R. J. Sternberg and E. E. Smith, eds. New York: Cambridge University Press. Fischhoff, B., and L. A. Cox, Jr. 1985. Conceptual framework for regulatory benefits assessment. In Benefits Assessment: The State of the Art, J. D. Bentkover, V. T. Covello, and J. Mumpower, eds. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel. Fischhoff, B., and D. MacGregor. 1983. Judged lethality: How much people seem to know depends upon how they are asked. Risk Analysis 3:229-236. Fischhoff, B., and O. Svenson. 1987. Perceived risks of radionuclides: Under- standing public understanding. In Radionuclides in the Food Chain, G. Schmidt, ed. New York: Praeger.
198 APPENDIX B Fischhoff, B., P. Slavic, and S. Lichtenstein. 1977. Knowing with certainty: The appropriateness of extreme confidence. Journal of Experimental Psy- chology: Human Perception and Performance 20:159-183. Fischhoff, B., P. Slovic, S. Lichtenstein, S. Read, and B. Combs. 1978. How safe is safe enough? A psychometric study of attitudes towards technological risks and benefits. Policy Sciences 9:127-152. Fischhoff, B., P. Slovic, and S. Lichtenstein. 1980. Knowing what you want: Measuring labile values. In Cognitive Processes in Choice and Decision Behavior, T. Wallsten, ed. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum. Fischhoff, B., S. Lichtenstein, P. Slovic, S. L. Derby, and R. L. Keeney. 1981a. Acceptable Risk. New York: Cambridge University Press. Fischhoff, B., P. Slavic, and S. Lichtenstein. 1981b. Lay foibles and expert fables in judgments about risk. In Progress in Resource Management and Environmental Planning, T. O'Riordan and R. K. Turner, eds. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Fischhoff, B., P. Slovic, and S. Lichtenstein. 1983. "The publics vs. The experts": Perceived vs. actual disagreements about risks of nuclear power. In Analysis of Actual vs. Perceived Risks, V. Covello, G. Flamm, J. Rodericks, and R. Tardiff, eds. New York: Plenum Press. Fischhoff, B., S. R. Watson, and C. Hope. 1984. Defining risk. Policy Sciences 17:123-129. Fischhoff, B., O. Svenson, and P. Slovic. 1986. Active responses to envi- ronmental hazards: Perceptions and decision making. In Handbook of Environmental Psychology, D. Stokols and I. Altman, eds. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Fischhoff, B., L. Furby, and R. Gregory. 1987. Evaluating voluntary risks of injury. Accident Analysis and Prevention 19~1~:51-62. Fishburn, P. C. 1982. Foundations of risk measurement: II. Effects of gains on risk. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 25:226-242. Fisher, A. 1987. Radon projects at EPA. Presented to National Research Council Committee on Risk Perception and Communication meeting, Washington, D.C., July 23, 1987. Fiske, S., and S. Taylor. 1984. Social Cognition. Reading, Mass.: Addison- Wesley. Fitchen, J. M., J. S. Heath, and J. Fessenden-Raden. 1987. Risk perception in community context: A case study. In The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk, B. B. Johnson and V. T. Covello, eds. Dordrecht, Holland; D. Reidel. Folkman, S. 1984. Personal control and stress and coping processes: A theoret- ical analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46~4~:839-852. Freudenburg, W., and E. Rosa, eds. 1984. Public Reaction to Nuclear Power: Are There Critical Masses? Boulder, Colo.: Westv~iew. Friedman, B., D. Lockwood, L. Snowden, and D. Zeidler. 1986. Mass media and disaster: Annotated bibliography. Miscellaneous Report No. 36. Newark: University of Delaware, Disaster Research Center. Friedman, S., C. M. Gorney, and B. P. Egolf. 1987. Reporting on radiation: A content analysis of Chernobyl coverage. Journal of Communication 37~3~:58-79. Gale, R. P. 1987. Calculating risk: Radiation and Chernobyl. Journal of Communication 37~3~:68-79.
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