. "Appendix C Construction Quality Assurance Monitoring Techniques." Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2007.
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Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers
Appendix C Construction Quality Assurance Monitoring Techniques
TABLE C.1 CQA Techniques for End-of-Construction Barrier Element Integrity
Barrier Element
CQA Integrity Monitoring Techniques
Compacted low-permeability soil
In situ density and water content testing; in situ hydraulic conductivity testing using infiltrometers, pan lysimeters, and borehole permeameters; physical sampling and laboratory testing for index properties and saturated hydraulic conductivity
Evapotranspirative cover soil
In situ water content testing; in situ flux rate testing using pan lysimeters; physical sampling and laboratory testing for index properties, including saturated hydraulic conductivity, and for the soil water characteristic curve
Geomembranes
Nondestructive seam testing; physical sampling and laboratory testing of seams; electrical leak detection testing; interface shear testing
Geosynthetic clay liners
Physical sampling and testing for bentonite unit weight and saturated hydraulic conductivity; interface shear testing
Soil-bentonite walls
Sounding of the trench prior to backfill placement, physical sampling, and testing backfill soil from the borrow pit for saturated hydraulic conductivity; physical sampling and testing backfill soil from the wall for saturated hydraulic conductivity; in situ saturated hydraulic conductivity testing of the wall backfill
Cement-bentonite walls
Sounding of the trench prior to backfill placement, physical sampling and testing of the cement-bentonite backfill for saturated hydraulic conductivity; physical sampling and testing of cores from the wall for saturated hydraulic conductivity
Soil-mixed walls
Physical sampling and testing of cores from the wall for saturated hydraulic conductivity
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OCR for page 115
Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers
Appendix C
Construction Quality Assurance Monitoring Techniques
TABLE C.1 CQA Techniques for End-of-Construction Barrier Element Integrity
Barrier Element
CQA Integrity Monitoring Techniques
Compacted low-permeability soil
In situ density and water content testing; in situ hydraulic conductivity testing using infiltrometers, pan lysimeters, and borehole permeameters; physical sampling and laboratory testing for index properties and saturated hydraulic conductivity
Evapotranspirative cover soil
In situ water content testing; in situ flux rate testing using pan lysimeters; physical sampling and laboratory testing for index properties, including saturated hydraulic conductivity, and for the soil water characteristic curve
Geomembranes
Nondestructive seam testing; physical sampling and laboratory testing of seams; electrical leak detection testing; interface shear testing
Geosynthetic clay liners
Physical sampling and testing for bentonite unit weight and saturated hydraulic conductivity; interface shear testing
Soil-bentonite walls
Sounding of the trench prior to backfill placement, physical sampling, and testing backfill soil from the borrow pit for saturated hydraulic conductivity; physical sampling and testing backfill soil from the wall for saturated hydraulic conductivity; in situ saturated hydraulic conductivity testing of the wall backfill
Cement-bentonite walls
Sounding of the trench prior to backfill placement, physical sampling and testing of the cement-bentonite backfill for saturated hydraulic conductivity; physical sampling and testing of cores from the wall for saturated hydraulic conductivity
Soil-mixed walls
Physical sampling and testing of cores from the wall for saturated hydraulic conductivity
OCR for page 116
Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers
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