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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12043.
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114 INCREASING CAPACITY FOR STEWARDSHIP OF OCEANS AND COASTS Commission on Marine Science, Engineering, and Resources. 1969. Our Nation and the Sea: A Plan for National Action. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Comunidad y Biodiversidad. 2006. Marine Reserves Pilot Project at Isla Natividad. [Online]. Avail- able: http://www.cobi.org.mx/publicaciones/eng_fs_natividad_0630.pdf [2007, June 12]. Crawford, B.R., J.S. Cobb, and C.L. Ming (eds.). 1993. Educating Coastal Managers: Proceedings of the Rhode Island Workshop. Coastal Resources Management Project, Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett. de Fontaubert, A.C. 2001. Legal and political considerations. In The Status of Natural Resources on the High-Seas, World Wildlife Fund/The World Conservation Union (IUCN) (eds.). World Wildlife Fund/The World Conservation Union (IUCN), Gland, Switzerland. Defeo, O. and J.C. Castilla. 2005. More than one bag for the world fishery crisis and keys for co- management successes in selected artisanal Latin American shellfisheries. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 15(3):265-283. Duda, A.M. 2002. Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators for GEF International Waters Projects. Monitoring and Evaluation Working Paper 10, Global Environment Facility, Washington, DC. Edwards, S.F. 2005. Ownership of multi-attribute fishery resources in large marine ecosystems. In Sustaining Large Marine Ecosystems: The Human Dimension, Hennessey T. and J.G. Sutinen (eds.). Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands. Emerton, L., J. Bishop, and L. Thomas. 2006. Sustainable Financing of Protected Areas: A Global Review of Challenges and Options. The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2007a. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006. Food and Agriculture Organization, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Rome, Italy. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2007b. Vessel Monitoring Systems. [Online]. Available: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=topic&fid=13691 [2007, June 14]. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2007c. Implementation of the 1995 FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. [Online]. Available: http://www.fao.org/fi/website/ FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=org&xml=CCRF_prog.xml [2007, June 13]. Glasbergen, P. (ed.). 1998. Co-operative Environmental Governance: Public-Private Agreements as a Policy Strategy. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands. Hale, L.Z. and E. Kumin. 1992. Implementing a Coastal Resources Management Policy: The Case of Prohibiting Coral Mining in Sri Lanka. Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett. Hanna, S. 1998. Institutions for marine ecosystems: Economic incentives and fishery management. Ecological Applications 8(suppl):S170-S174. Harris, J. 2006. The Role of Local Governments in Protecting Oceans and Coasts Local Government Capacity Building. Presentation at National Academies Workshop “Meeting the Challenges of Capacity Building for Managing Oceans and Coasts,” Panamá City, Panamá, November 14, 2006. Hennessey, T. 1994. Governance and adaptive management for estuarine ecosystems: The case of Chesapeake Bay. Coastal Management 22:119-145. Holling, C.S. (ed.). 1978. Adaptive Environmental Assessment and Management. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York. Hudson Institute. 2006. The Index of Global Philanthropy. Hudson Institute, Washington, DC. Imperial, M. and T. Hennessey. 1993. The evolution of adaptive management for estuarine eco- systems: The National Estuary Program and its precursors. Ocean and Coastal Management 20:147-180.

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Marine environments support the livelihoods, economies, and quality of life for communities around the world. But growth of coastal populations and increasing demands on marine resources are putting the future of ocean and coastal resources at risk through impacts such as overfishing, wetland drainage, climate change, and pollution of coastal waters. Given these demands, it is vital to build capacity—the people, the institutions, and technology and tools—needed to manage ocean resources. Unfortunately, many capacity building efforts focus on specific projects rather than on capacity building as goal unto itself, resulting in activities that are not funded or sustained past the typically short project lifetime. This book finds that the most successful capacity-building efforts meet the needs of a specific locale or region based on periodic assessments and include plans to maintain and expand capacity after the project ends. The report recommends ways that governments and organizations can help strengthen marine protection and management capacity, including conducting periodic program assessments, making plans to sustain funding, and developing leadership and political will. The book was produced at the request of Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the President's Circle of the National Academies, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Science Foundation, the Marisla Foundation, and the Curtis and Edith Munson Foundation.

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