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B Publications in Genomics of the Top 40 Most-Cultivated Crops The 40 most-cultivated species were found by searching the Food and Agri- culture Organization of the United Nationsâ FAOSTAT agricultural database of primary crops by area harvested. Model species are provided as references. For each species, the Web of Science, a database of about 8,700 journals, was queried for articles with the species name or common name in the title (ti=common name or ti=species name). The common name in plural and singular forms (for example, orange and oranges) and common names that can be compound words or two words (for example, chick pea and chickpea) were all used in the search. To nar- row down the list of articles to those relevant to genomics, only the articles that include either genomics, genomic, sequencing, or sequence as a topic are included (tc=genome or tc=genomics or tc=sequencing or tc=sequence). 129
130 A pp e n d i x B Area Area Most Cultivated Rank Rank Cultivated Cultivated Crops in 2005 in 2005 in 2000 in 2005 (HA) in 2002 (HA) Wheat 1 1 214,666,735 215,474,117 Rice, paddy 2 2 152,904,158 153,942,855 Maize 3 3 143,798,427 139,494,325 Soybeans 4 4 92,443,356 74,321,496 Barley 5 5 55,895,782 54,489,630 Sorghum 6 6 43,360,759 40,831,541 Seed cotton 7 8 35,003,800 31,924,034 Millet 8 7 34,815,044 37,006,519 Rapeseed 9 9 27,448,195 25,833,433 Beans, dry 10 10 25,231,390 23,531,811 Groundnuts, with shell 11 11 23,469,008 23,358,847 Sunflower seed 12 12 22,372,946 21,161,673 Potatoes 13 13 18,872,538 20,130,298 Sugar cane 14 14 18,730,869 19,466,758 Cassava 15 15 18,320,052 17,059,381 Alfalfa for forage and silage 16 16 15,118,543 15,421,302 Oats 17 17 11,450,461 12,676,446 Coconuts 18 18 10,681,368 10,596,868 Chick peas 19 20 10,646,032 10,100,570 Coffee, green 20 19 10,007,069 10,317,198 Oil palm fruit 21 21 9,384,653 9,954,304 Cow peas, dry 22 25 9,170,820 7,494,030 Sweet potatoes 23 23 8,810,860 9,703,499 Natural rubber 24 31 8,114,849 5,640,296 Sesame seed 25 27 7,596,056 7,269,734 Olives 26 24 7,574,361 8,327,400 Grapes 27 26 7,470,679 7,377,007 Rye 28 22 6,829,860 9,818,138 Peas, dry 29 30 6,298,663 5,769,319 Rye grass for forage and silagea 30 5,505,313 Plantains 31 33 5,399,072 4,976,685 Cocoa beans 32 28 5,287,847 7,125,153 Sugar beet 33 29 5,240,711 6,011,351 Apples 34 32 4,774,376 5,310,185 Pigeon peas 35 34 4,572,039 4,244,022 Tomatoes 36 38 4,570,870 3,968,508 Bananas 37 37 4,370,342 4,030,079 Lentils 38 39 4,084,614 3,873,738 Tobacco 39 35 3,908,731 4,160,103 Triticalea 40 3,744,001 Model species Arabidopsis Brachypodium Chlamydomonas Lotus Populus Medicago aThese crops were not one of the top 40 most cultivated crops in 2001.
A pp e n d i x B 131 Total Number Total Number Percent Percent Total Total of Institutions of Institutions Publications Publications Number of Number of Contributing to Contributing to That Involve That Involve Publications Publications the Papers the Papers U.S. Institutions U.S. Institutions 2005-2006 2000-2001 2005-2006 2000-2001 2005 2000 473 357 434 305 28 20 636 365 561 364 22 23 308 232 337 222 48 54 35 152 63 171 40 55 172 131 213 173 26 25 55 32 88 44 53 50 45 12 48 12 51 75 35 24 55 31 31 38 152 56 187 79 14 14 37 18 71 28 24 22 19 16 40 22 37 44 14 12 19 17 43 25 204 182 263 202 21 18 7 2 14 4 14 0 19 25 32 34 37 20 33 38 46 33 45 39 18 36 24 40 28 44 6 7 14 12 17 0 28 13 36 16 14 31 31 10 50 23 19 20 5 5 16 7 0 0 16 34 28 20 13 29 24 18 33 31 8 11 12 12 30 17 58 25 4 4 8 10 25 0 56 33 77 40 5 0 48 24 65 37 13 33 27 38 44 58 11 18 21 23 32 36 14 17 35 57 6 23 18 46 25 22 17 4 3 7 5 25 0 23 22 35 26 22 9 63 48 102 69 17 38 4 3 8 3 0 0 184 159 275 176 34 37 5 33 8 37 140 18 53 7 80 0 185 143 246 254 2 43 13 15 23 781 475 642 403 41 40 4 0 9 0 50 0 67 57 95 74 48 33 33 22 69 39 9 32 47 19 80 30 36 32 51 21 78 34 41 0
132 A pp e n d i x B Times That the Times That the Most Frequently Most Frequently Cited Paper Has Cited Paper Has Rank Been Cited Since Been Cited Since Most Cultivated Rank in Its Publication Its Publication Crops in 2005 in 2005 2000 2005-2006 2000-2001 Wheat 1 1 40 175 Rice, paddy 2 2 234 233 Maize 3 3 67 152 Soybeans 4 4 14 116 Barley 5 5 33 187 Sorghum 6 6 40 65 Seed cotton 7 8 7 42 Millet 8 7 8 25 Rapeseed 9 9 23 132 Beans, dry 10 10 10 47 Groundnuts, with shell 11 11 9 30 Sunflower seed 12 12 5 31 Potatoes 13 13 26 94 Sugar cane 14 14 3 1 Cassava 15 15 10 67 Alfalfa for forage and silage 16 16 11 45 Oats 17 17 11 43 Coconuts 18 18 2 3 Chick peas 19 20 10 53 Coffee, green 20 19 8 959 Oil palm fruit 21 21 5 38 Cow peas, dry 22 25 4 66 Sweet potatoes 23 23 5 34 Natural rubber 24 31 6 34 Sesame seed 25 27 5 30 Olives 26 24 7 59 Grapes 27 26 10 101 Rye 28 22 15 28 Peas, dry 29 30 6 74 Rye grass for forage and silagea 30 15 Plantains 31 33 5 23 Cocoa beans 32 28 6 36 Sugar beet 33 29 7 101 Apples 34 32 17 48 Pigeon peas 35 34 1 5 Tomatoes 36 38 36 277 Bananas 37 37 11 35 Lentils 38 39 3 10 Tobacco 39 35 41 150 Triticalea 40 4 Model species Arabidopsis 158 385 Brachypodium 4 N/A Chlamydomonas 25 71 Lotus 39 49 Populus 37 70 Medicago 42 66 aThese crops were not one of the top 40 most cultivated crops in 2001.
A pp e n d i x B 133 Number of Number of Average Average Number of Number of Top 10 Cited Top 10 Cited Times Times Top 10 Cited Top 10 Cited Papers That Papers That Cited of the Cited of the Papers That Papers That Involve U.S. and Involve U.S. and Top 10 Cited Top 10 Cited Involve U.S. Involve U.S. International International Papers Papers Institutions Institutions Collaboration Collaboration 2005-2006 2000-2001 2005-2006 2000-2001 2005-2006 2000-2001 21 100 4 2 4 1 69 137 7 7 5 1 25 95 9 10 2 2 6 59 8 4 0 1 20 97 6 3 4 2 14 35 10 7 0 1 14 21 8 9 2 4 4 14 7 4 2 1 12 46 5 2 4 0 4 20 2 2 2 1 2 14 4 5 2 1 2 11 6 2 0 0 11 68 3 1 2 0 N/A N/A 1 0 0 0 5 32 1 3 1 3 6 30 4 2 1 0 3 24 4 8 0 1 N/A N/A 1 0 1 0 5 21 3 3 2 2 4 114 3 2 2 1 N/A N/A 0 0 0 0 1 30 0 2 0 0 2 16 1 0 0 0 2 13 5 1 5 0 N/A N/A 1 0 0 0 5 29 2 0 2 0 7 32 1 4 4 4 4 20 2 1 2 1 3 34 2 2 1 2 4 2 2 2 13 3 2 2 2 N/A N/A 1 0 1 0 3 26 3 1 1 1 9 33 1 5 0 2 N/A N/A 0 0 0 0 17 103 5 8 1 2 4 25 2 2 2 2 N/A N/A 0 0 0 0 18 99 4 6 1 1 1 3 0 64 260 7 6 2 0 N/A N/A 2 N/A 0 N/A 9 43 9 3 4 0 11 35 2 4 2 2 15 39 4 4 2 2 16 38 4 3 2 1
134 A pp e n d i x B List of Keywords Used in the Search for Publications Crops Keywords Used Wheat ti=wheat, ti=triticum Rice, paddy ti=rice, ti=oryza Maize ti=corn, ti=maize, ti=zea mays Soybeans ti=soybean, ti=soybeans, ti=Glycine max Barley ti=barley, ti=Hordeum vulgare Sorghum ti=Sorghum Seed cotton ti=seed cotton, ti=Gossypium Millet ti=millet, ti=Pennisetum, ti=Echinochloa, ti=Panicum, ti=setaria, ti=Paspalum Rapeseed ti=rapeseed, ti=Brassica Beans, dry ti=dry bean, ti=dry beans, ti=Phaeolus Groundnuts, with shell ti=ground nuts, ti=ground nut, ti=groundnuts, ti=groundnutArachis hypogaeati Sunflower seed ti=sunflower seed, ti=sunflower seeds, ti=Helianthus annuus Potatoes ti=potatoes, ti=potato, ti=Solanum tuberosum Sugar cane ti=sugar cane, ti=Saccharum officinarum Cassava ti=cassava, ti=Manihot esculenta Alfalfa for forage and silage ti=alfalfa, ti=Medicago sativa Oats ti=oats, ti=oat, ti=Avena Coconuts ti=coconuts, ti=concout, ti=Cocos nucifera Chick peas ti=chick peas, ti=chick pea, ti=chickpeas, ti=chickpea, ti=Cicer arietinum Coffee, green ti=coffee, ti=Coffea Oil palm fruit ti=oil palm fruits, ti=oil palm fruit, ti=Elaeis guineensis Cow peas, dry ti=cow peas, ti=cow pea, ti=cowpeas, ti=cowpea, ti=Vigna Sweet potatoes ti=sweet potatoes, ti=sweet potato, ti=Ipomoea batatas Natural rubber ti=natural rubber, ti=Hevea Sesame seed ti=sesame seeds, ti=sesame seed, ti=Sesamum indicum Olives ti=olives, ti=olive, ti=Olea europeaea Grapes ti=grapes, ti=grape, ti=Vitis vinifera Rye ti=rye, ti=Secale cereale Peas, dry ti=dry peas, ti=dry pea, ti=Pisum sativum Rye grass for forage and silage ti=rye grass, ti=Lolium Plantains ti=plantains, ti=plantain, ti=Musa Cocoa beans ti=cocoa beans, ti=cocoa bean, ti=Theobroma Sugar beet ti=sugar beets, ti=sugar beet, ti=Beta vulgaris Apples ti=apples, ti=apple, ti=Malus Pigeon peas ti=pigeon peas, ti=pigeon pea, ti=Cajanus cajan Tomatoes ti=tomatoes, ti=tomato, ti=Lycopersicon Bananas ti=bananas, ti=banana, ti=Musa Lentils ti=lentils, ti=lentil, ti=Lens culinaris Tobacco, unmanufactured ti=tobacco, ti=Nicotiana tabacum Triticale ti=Triticale Model species Arabidopsis ti=arabidopsis Brachypodium ti=Brachypodium Chlamydomonas ti=Chlamydomonas Lotus ti=Lotus Populus ti=Populus Medicago ti=Medicago
