The National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS), managed and funded by USDA-ARS in partnership with agricultural experiment stations and land-grant universities, aids plant scientists by conserving the plants and seeds of nearly 10,000 species. To ensure that genes are available to NPGI fundees, NPGS continues to acquire, preserve, evaluate, document, and distribute crop germplasms, many of which originate outside the United States (ARS 2005). NPGS distributed over 150,000 accessions in 2006, including 9,131 Triticum, 5,597 Oryza, 11,951 Zea mays, 19,349 Glycine, 9,729 Lycopersicon, and 5,073 Vitus. Among those distributions, some were mutants or cytogenetic stocks (based on information submitted to the committee by USDA-ARS on May 17, 2007). Because of the increasing demand as a result of NPGI-funded research, stock centers were built or expanded. For example, the Maize Genetics Corporation was expanded to provide long-term curation of maize mutant genetic stocks developed by NPGI awardees. The Genetic Stocks—Oryza Collection was established as a result of NPGI when the rice genome was sequenced and the need for a collection of rice seed mutant genetic stocks was recognized. Mutant seed genetic stocks of other plants developed by NPGI awardees are added to the working collections of other NPGS repositories. Other than germplasm collections, many Websites and databases were developed or expanded as a result of NPGI (see Appendix F).