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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Test and Evaluation of Biological Standoff Detection Systems: Abbreviated Version. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12058.
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Page 11
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2008. Test and Evaluation of Biological Standoff Detection Systems: Abbreviated Version. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12058.
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Page 12

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References Chadwick, Stephen Howard. 2007. Defense Acquisition: Overview, Issues, and Options for Congress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service. Hargis, Philip. J., Thomas A. Reichardt, Randall L. Schmitt, Mark S. Johnson, B. Gerard Bricks, Daniel Ondercin, Daniel Kao, and Linda Pecko. 2007. Agent Simulant Cross-Section Measurements. Presentation to the committee, April 24, 2007, Sandia National Laboratories. Joint Program Executive Officer for Chemical and Biological Defense. 2004. Operational Requirements Document (ORD) – Joint Biological Standoff Detection System. Myers, Mark. 2007. Testing & Evaluation of Biological Standoff Detection Systems Statement of Task. Presentation to the committee, January 16, 2007, Office of the Product Director Test Equipment, Strategy, and Support. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 1996. NATO Handbook on the Medical Aspects of NBC Defensive Operations AMedP-6(B). (FM 8-9), Departments of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. From http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/policy/army/fm/8-9/2toc.htm. Accessed July 15, 2008. Sabins, Floyd F. 1978. Glossary. In Remote Sensing: Principles and Interpretation. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. 11

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A biological warfare agent (BWA) is a microorganism, or a toxin derived from a living organism, that causes disease in humans, plants, or animals or that causes the deterioration of material. The effectiveness of a BWA is greatly reduced if the attack is detected in time for the target population to take appropriate defensive measures. Therefore, the ability to detect a BWA, in particular to detect it before the target population is exposed, will be a valuable asset to defense against biological attacks. The ideal detection system will have quick response and be able to detect a threat plume at a distance from the target population. The development of reliable biological standoff detection systems, therefore, is a key goal.

However, testing biological standoff detection systems is difficult because open-air field tests with BWAs are not permitted under international conventions and because the wide variety of environments in which detectors might be used may affect their performance. This book explores the question of how to determine whether or not a biological standoff detection system fulfills its mission reliably if we cannot conduct open-air field tests with live BWAs.

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