Design Considerations for Evaluating the Impact of PEPFAR: Workshop Summary (2008)

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Appendix D References Barker, G. 2000. Gender equitable boys in a gender inequitable world: Reflections from qualitative research and program development with young men in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sexual and Relationship Therapy 15(3):263–282. Binagwaho, A. 2007. Considerations for evaluating the impact of PEPFAR: Rwandan perspec- tive. Speaker presentation at the Institute of Medicine Workshop on Design Consider- ations for Evaluating the Impact of PEPFAR, Washington, DC. Daniels, N. 2005. Fair process in patient selection for antiretroviral treatment in WHO’s goal of 3 by 5. Lancet 366(9480):169–171. Daniels, N., and J. Sabin. 2002. Setting limits fairly: Can we learn to share medical resources? London, England: Oxford University Press. Daniels, N., D. W. Light, and R. L. Caplan. 1996. Benchmarks of fairness for health-care reform. London, England: Oxford University Press. Duflo, E., P. Dupas, and M. Kremer. 2006. Education and HIV/AIDS prevention: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in western Kenya. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 402. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Gregson, S., G. P. Garnett, C. A. Nyamukapa, T. B. Hallett, J. J. C. Lewis, P. R. Mason, S. K. Chandiwana, and R. M. Anderson. 2006. HIV decline associated with behavior change in eastern Zimbabwe. Science 311(5761):664–666. Hader, S. 2007. The U.S. president’s emergency plan for AIDS relief: PEPFAR and public health evaluation. Speaker presentation at the Institute of Medicine Workshop on Design Considerations for Evaluating the Impact of PEPFAR, Washington, DC. Hallett, T. B., P. J. White, and G. P. Garnett. 2007. Appropriate evaluation of HIV preven- tion interventions: From experiment to full-scale implementation. Sexually Transmitted Infections 83:i55–i60. Holzemer, W. L., and L. Uys. 2004. Managing AIDS stigma. Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/ AIDS Research Alliance/SAHARA/Human Sciences Research Council 1(3):165–174. 125 

126 EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF PEPFAR Holzemer, W. L., L. R. Uys, M. L. Chirwa, M. Greeff, L. N. Makoae, T. W. Kohi, P. S. Dlamini, A. L. Stewart, J. Mullan, R. D. Phetlhu, D. Wantland, and K. Durrheim. 2007. Validation of the HIV/AIDS Stigma Instrument-PLWA (HASI-P). AIDS Care—Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV 19(8):1002–1012. IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2007. PEPFAR implementation: Progress and promise. Com- mittee for the Evaluation of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Implementation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. http://www.nap.edu/ catalog.php?record_id=11905 (accessed February 8, 2008). IPPF (International Planned Parenthood Federation), GNP+ (The Global Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS), ICW (International Community of Women Living with HIV/ AIDS), and UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS). 2008. The People Living with HIV Stigma Index user guide. London, England: IPPF. IRIN (Integrated Regional Information Networks). 2007. Mozambique: HIV-infected women blamed and shunned. Nairobi, Kenya: IRIN, U.N. Office for the Coordination of Hu- manitarian Affairs. http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=71727 (accessed March 5, 2008). J-PAL (Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Laboratory). 2007. Policy Briefcase No. 3: Cheap and effective ways to change adolescents’ sexual behavior. Cambridge: Massachusetts In- stitute of Technology. http://www.povertyactionlab.com/papers/Briefcase%203%20HIV. pdf (accessed March 11, 2008). Jha, P., L. M. E. Vaz, F. Plummer, N. Nagelkerke, B. Willbond, E. Ngugi, S. Moses, G. John, R. Nduati, K. S. MacDonald, and S. Berkley. 2001. The evidence base for interventions to prevent HIV infection in low- and middle-income countries. Working Paper Series WG5:2. http://www.whoindia.org/LinkFiles/Commission_on_Macroeconomic_and_ Health_05_02.pdf (accessed February 28, 2008). Kenyon, T. 2007. The U.S. president’s emergency plan for AIDS relief: The global impact of HIV/AIDS programs. Speaker presentation at the Institute of Medicine Workshop on Design Considerations for Evaluating the Impact of PEPFAR, Washington, DC. MOH (Ministry of Health, Uganda) and MACRO. 2006. Uganda HIV/AIDS Sero-Behavioural Survey 2004–2005. Calverton, MD: MOH and MACRO. http://www.measuredhs.com/ pubs/pdf/AIS2/AIS2.pdf (accessed February 28, 2008). Over, M., P. Heywood, E. Marseille, I. Gupta, S. Hira, N. Nagelkerke, and A. S. Rao. 2004. HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention in India: Modeling the costs and consequences. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Over, M., A. Revenga, E. Masaki, W. Peerapatanapokin, J. Gold, V. Tangcharoensathien, and S. Thanprasertsuk. 2007. The economics of effective AIDS treatment in Thailand. AIDS 21(Suppl 4):S105–S116. Pulerwitz, J., and G. Barker. 2008. Measuring attitudes toward gender norms among young men in Brazil: Development and psychometric evaluation of the GEM scale. Men and Masculinities 10:322–338. Stoneburner, R. L., and D. Low-Beer. 2004. Population-level HIV declines and behavioral risk avoidance in Uganda. Science 304(5671):714–718. Stoneburner, R. L., D. Low-Beer, G. S. Tembo, T. E. Mertens, and G. Asiimwe-Okiror. 1996. Human immunodeficiency virus infection dynamics in East Africa deduced from surveil- lance data. American Journal of Epidemiology 144:682–695. Stover, J., and L. Bollinger. 2006. Goals model for estimating the effects of resource al- location decisions on the achievement of the goals of the HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan, Version 2.91. Glastonbury, CT: Futures Institute, http://www.healthpolicyinitiative.com/ index.cfm?id=softwareDownload&name=GOALS&file=goals.zip&site=HPI (accessed March 6, 2008).  

APPENDIX D 127 Thornton, R. 2007. The demand for and impact of learning HIV status: Evidence from a field experiment. Working paper and forthcoming in American Economic Review. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Population Studies Center. http://www.povertyactionlab. com/papers/Thornton%20HIV%20Testing%20October%202007.pdf (accessed March 11, 2008). UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS). 2007a. Country Harmonization and Alignment Tool (CHAT): A tool to address harmonization and alignment challenges by assessing strengths and effectiveness of partnerships in the national AIDS response. Geneva, Switzerland: UNAIDS. http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2007/jc1321_chat_ en.pdf (accessed February 20, 2008). UNAIDS. 2007b. Epidemiologic software and tools. Geneva, Switzerland: UNAIDS. http:// www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/Epidemiology/epi_software2007.asp (ac- cessed February 28, 2008). UNAIDS and WHO (World Health Organization). 2007. AIDS epidemic update: De- cember 2007. Geneva, Switzerland: UNAIDS and WHO. http://data.unaids.org/pub/ EPISlides/2007/2007_epiupdate_en.pdf (accessed February 8, 2008). WHO. 2006. Case study. Country-enhanced monitoring and evaluation for antiretroviral therapy scale-up: Analysis and use of strategic information in Botswana. Geneva, Swit- zerland: WHO. http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/casestudies/evaluation/en/index.html (ac- cessed February 8, 2008).