Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 137
References
Abraham, J. L. 1978. Recent advances in pneumoconio-
sis: The pathologists role in etiologic diagnosis, pp.
96 - 137. In W. M. Thurlbeck and M. R. Abell, Eds.
Lung: Structure, Function, and Disease. Baltimore:
Williams and WiLkins.
Adamson, I. Y., and D. H. Bowden. 1986. Crocidolite-in-
duced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Cytokinetic and
biochemical studies. Am. J. Pathol. 122:261 - 267.
Adriaenssens, P. I., C. M. White, and M. W. Anderson.
1983. Dose-response relationships for the binding
of benzo~a~pyrene metabolites to DNA and protein
in lung, liver, and forestomach of control and butylated
hydroxyanisole-treated mice. Cancer Res.43:3712-
3719.
Agnew, J. E. 1984. Aerosol contributions to the inves-
tigation of lung structure and ventilatory function,
pp. 92 - 126. In S. W. Clarke and D. Pavia, Eds.
Aerosols and the Lung: Clinical and Experimental
Aspects. London: Butterworths.
Agnew, J. E., D. Pavia, and S. W. Clarke. 1981. Airways
penetration of inhaled radioaerosol: An index to
small airways function? Eur. J. Respir. Dis.
62:239 - 255.
Agnew, J. E., P. P. Sutton, D. Pavia, and S. W. Clarke.
1986. Radioaerosol assessment of mucociliary clear-
ance: Towards definition of a normal range. Br.
J. Radiol. 59:147 - 151.
Ahmed, I. H., E. El-Khatib, J. W. Logus, G. C. W. Man,
J. Jacques, and S. F. P. Man. 1986. Altered pulmonary
epithelial permeability in canine radiation lung injury.
J. Appl. Physiol. 61:971 - 981.
Albert, R. E., and L. C. Arnett. 1955. Clearance of
radioactive dust from the human lung. AMA Arch.
Ind. Health 12:99 - 106.
Albert, R. E., J. R. Spiegelman, M. Lippmann, and R.
Bennett. 1968. The characteristics of bronchial clear-
ance in the miniature donkey. Arch. Environ.
Health 17:50 - 58.
Albert, R. E., M. Lippmann, and W. Briscoe. 1969.
The characteristics of bronchial clearance in humans
and the effects of cigarette smoking. Arch. Environ.
Health 18:738 - 755.
Albert, R. E., M. Lippmann, H. T. Peterson, Jr., J. Berger,
K. Sanborn, and D. E. Bohning. 1973. Bronchial
137
deposition and clearance of aerosols. Arch. Intern.
Med. 131:115 - 127.
Albert, R. E., J. Berger, K. Sanborn, end M. Lippmann.
1974. Effects of cigarette smoke components on
bronchial clearance in the donkey. Arch. Environ.
Health 29:96 - 101.
Albertini, R. J. 1980. Drug-resistant lymphocytes in
man as indicators of somatic cell mutation. Teratogen-
esis Carcinog. Mutagen. 1:25 - 48.
Alpert, S. M., B. B. Schwartz, S. D. Lee, and T. R. Lewis.
1971. Alveolar protein accumulation. Arch. Intern.
Med. 128:69 - 73.
Altshuler, B., E. D. Palmes, L. Yarmus, and N. Nelson.
1959. Intrapulmonary mixing of gases studied with
aerosols. J. Appl. Physiol. 14:321 - 327.
American Thoracic Society. 1986. Evaluation of impair-
ment/disability secondary to respiratory disorders.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:1205 - 1209.
AmericanThoracicSociety. 1987. Single-breath carbon
monoxide diffusing capacity (transfer factor): Recom-
mendations for a standard technique. Am. Rev. Res-
pir. Dis. 136:1299 - 1307.
Amoruso, M. A., G. Witz, and B. D. Goldstein. 1981.
Decreased superoxide anion radical production by
rat alveolar macrophages following inhalation of ozone
or nitrogen dioxide. Life Sci. 28:2215 - 2221.
Amrein, R., R. Keller, H. Joos, and H. Herzog. 1970.
New theoreticalvalues in exploration of the respiratory
function of the lung. Bull. Physiopathol. Respir.
(Nancy) 6:317 - 349.
Andersen, M. E. 1981. A physiologically teased toxico-
kinetic description of the metabolism of inhaled gases
end vapors: Analysis at steady state. Toxicol. Appl.
Pharmacol. 60:509 - 526.
Andersen, M. E., and J. C. Ramsey. 1983. A physiology
icaltrbased dragon of the inhalation pharmaco~n~
tics of styrene in rats and humans. Dev. Toxicol.
Environ. Sci. 11:415 - 418.
Andersen, M. E., H. J. Clewell, M. L. Gargas, F. A. Smith,
end R. H. Reitz. 1987. Physiologicallybasedpharm-
aco~netics and the rick assessment process for methy-
lene chloride. To~col. Appl. Pharmacol. 87:185 - 205.
Anderson, H. A. 1985. Utilization of adipose tissue
biopsy in characterizing human halogenated hydrocar
OCR for page 138
138
bon exposure. Environ. Health Perspect. 60:127 - 131.
Anthonisen, N. R., J. Danson, P. C. Robertson, and W.
R. D. Ross. 1969. Airway closure as a function of
age. Respir. Physiol. 8:58 - 65.
Appleton, B. S., M. P. Goetchius, and T. C. Campbell.
1982. Linear dose-response curve for the hepatic
macromolecular binding of aflatoxin Be in rats at very
low exposures. Cancer Res. 42:3659 - 3662.
Ashby, J. 1982. Screening chemicals for mutagenicity
Practices and pitfalls, pp.1 - 33. In J. A. Heddle, Ed.
Mutagenicity: New Horizons in Genetic Toxicology.
New York: Academic Press.
Au, W. W., P. Bibbin$ J. B. Ward, Jr., and M. S. [orator.
1988. Development of a rodent lung macrophage
chromosome aberration assay. Mutat. Res.208:1 - 7.
Aubas, P., B. Cosso, P. Godard, F. B. Michel, and J.
Clot. 1984. Decreased suppressor cell activity of
alveolar macrophages in bronchial asthma. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 130:875 - 878.
Ayers, L. N., M. L. Ginsberg, J. Fein, and K Wasserman.
1975. Diffusing capacity, specific diffusing capacity
and interpretation of diffusion defects. West. J. Med.
123:255 - 264.
Babior, B. M. 1978. O'ygen-dependent microbial king
by phagocytes. N. Engl. J. Med. 298:659 - 668.
Bailey, M. R., F. A. Fry, and A. C. James. 1982. The
long-term clearance kinetics of insoluble particles
from the human lung. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 26:273 - 290.
Bailey, M. R., A. Hodgson, and H. Smith. 1985. Respira-
to~y tract retention of relatively insoluble particles
in rodents. J. Aerosol Sci. 16:279 - 293.
Baker, R. M., D. M. Burnette, R. Mankovitz, L. H.
Thompson, G. F. Whitmore, L. Siminovitch, and M.
J. Till. 1974. Ouabain-resistant mutants of mouse
and hamster cells in culture. Cell 1:9 - 21.
Bang, B. G., A. L. Mukherjee, and F. B. Bang. 1967.
Human nasal mucus flow rates. Johns Hopkins Med.
J. 121:38 - 48.
Bang, F. B., and M. Foard. 1964. Interaction of respira-
tory epithelium of the chick and Newcastle disease
virus. Am. J. Hyg. 79:260 - 278.
Bargon, J., H. Kronenberger, L. Bergmann, R. Buhl,
J. Meier-Sydow, and P. Mitrou. 1986. Lymphocyte
transformation test in a group of foundry workers
exposed to beryllium and non-exposed controls. Eur.
J. Respir. Dis. 146(Suppl.~:211 - 215.
Barnes, P. J., and M. J. Brown. 1981. Venous plasma
histamine in exercise- and hyperventilation-induced
asthma in man. Clin. Sci. 61:159 - 162.
Barrett, A. J. 1977a. Cathepsin B and other proteinases,
pp. 181 - 208. In A. J. Barrett, Ed. Proteinases in
Mammalian Cells and Tissues. Research Monographs
in Cell and Tissue Physiology, Vol. 2. Amsterdam:
North-Holland.
Barrett, A. J. 197 7b. Cathepsin D and other proteinases,
pp. 209 - 248. In A. J. Barrett, Ed. Proteinases in
Mammalian Cells and Tissues. Research Monographs
in Cell and Tissue Physiology, Vol. 2. Amsterdam:
North-Holland.
REFERENCES
Barrow, C. S., W. H. Steinhagen, and J. C. F. Chang.
1983. Formaldehyde sensory irritation, pp. 16 - 25.
InJ.E.Gibson,Ed. Formaldehyde Toxicitv. Washin~-
ton, D.C.: Hemisphere.
-=,
Barry, B. E., and J. D. Crapo. 1985. Applications of
morphometric methods to study diffi,se and focal injury
in the lung caused by toxic agents. CRC Crit. Rev.
Toxicol. 14:1 - 32.
Barter, C. E., and A. H. Campbell. 1976. Relationship
of constitutional factors and cigarette smoking to
decrease in 1-second forced expiratoryvolume. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 113:305 - 314.
Bascom, R., M. Wachs, R. M. Naclerio, U. Pipkorn, S.
J. Galli, and L. M. Lichtenstein. 1988. Basophil influx
occurs after nasal antigen challenge: Effects of topical
corticosteroid pretreatment. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.
81:580~589.
Bates, D. V. 1989. Respiratory Function in Disease,
3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders. 558 pp.
Baudendistel, L. J., J. B. Shields, and D. L. Kiminski.
1982. Comparisons of double indicator thermodilution
measurements of extravascular lung wafer (EVLW)
with radiographic estimation of lungwater in trauma
patients. J. Trauma 22:983 - 988.
Bauer, M. A., M. J. Utell, P. E. Morrow, D. M. Speers,
and F. R. Gibb. 1986. Inhalation of 030 ppm nitrogen
dioxide potentiates exercise-induced bronchospasm
in asthmatics. Am.Rev. Respir. Dis.134:1203 - 1208.
Bauer, W., M. K Gorny, H. R. Baumann, and A. Morell.
1985. T-lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin
concentrations in bronchoalveolar ravage of patients
with sarcoidosis and high and low intensity alveolitis.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 132:106~1065.
Baughman, R. P., C. H. Bosken, R. G. Loudon, P. Hur-
tubise, and T. Wesseler. 1983. Quantitation of bron-
choalveolar ravage with methylene blue. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 128:266 - 270.
Baughman, R. P., S. Strohofer, and C. K. Kim. 1986a.
Variation of differential cell counts of bronchoalveolar
ravage fluid. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 110:341 - 343.
Baughman, R. P., B. C. Corser, S. Strohofer, and D.
Hendricks. 1986b. Spontaneous hydrogen peroxide
release from alveolar macrophages of some cigarette
smokers. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 107:233 - 237.
Baumgarten, C. R., A. G. Togias, R. M. Naclerio, L.
M. Lichtenstein, P. S. Norman, and D. Proud. 1985.
Lnflux of kininogens into nasal secretions after antigen
challenge of allergic individuals. J. Clin. Invest.
76:191 - 197.
Beck, B. D., J. D. Brain, and D. E. Bohannon. 1981.
The pulmonary toxicity of an ash sample from the
Mt. St. Helens volcano. Exp. Lung Res.2:289 - 301.
Beck, B. D., J. D. Brain, and D. E. Bohannon. 1982.
An in vivo hamster bioassay to assess the toxicity
of particles for the lungs. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
66:9 - 29.
Beck, B. D., H. A. Feldman, J. D. Brain, T. J. Smith,
M. Hallock, and B. Gerson. 1987. The pulmonary
toxicity of talc and granite dust as estimated from
OCR for page 139
REFERENCES
anin vim hamster bioassay. ToxicoL Appl. PharmacoL
87:222 - 234.
Beer, D. J., S. Matloff, and R. E. Rocklin. 1984. The
influence of histamine on immune and inflammatory
responses. Adv. Immunol. 35:209 - 268.
Begin, R., M. Rola-Pleszczynski, S. Masse, D. Nadeau,
and G. Drapeau. 1983. Assessment of progression
of asbestosis in the sheep model by bronchoalveolar
ravage and pulmonary function tests. Thorax
38:449 - 457.
Belinsky, S. A., and M. W. Anderson. 1987. Tissue and
cellular specificity for DNA adduct formation and
persistence following in viva exposure to chemicals.
Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. 31:11 - 20.
Bell, D. Y., and G. E. R. Hook. 1979. Pulmonary al-
veolar proteinosis: Analysis of airway and alveolar
proteins. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 119:979 - 990.
Bell, D. Y., J. A. Haseman, A. Spock, G. McLennan,
and G. E. R. Hook. 1981. Plasma proteins of the
bronchoalveolar surface of the lungs of smokers and
nonsmokers. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 124:72 - 79.
Bellanti J. A., Ed. 1985. Immunology m. Philadelphia
Saunders. 598 pp.
Benson, J. M., R. F. Henderson, R. O. McClellan, R.
L. Hanson, and A. H. Rebar. 1986. Comparative
acute toxicity of four nickel compounds to F344 rat
lung. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 7:340 - 347.
Berend, N. 1982. The correlation of lung structurewith
function. Lung 160:115 - 130.
Berend, N., J. L. Wright, W. M. ~urIbe~, G. E. Marlin,
and A. J. Woolcock. 1981a. Small airways disease:
Reproducibility of measurements and correlation with
lung function. Chest 79:263 - 268.
Berend, N., C. Skoog, and W. M. Thurlbeck. 1981b.
Single-breath nitrogen test in excised human lungs.
J. Appl. Physiol. 51:1568 1573.
Bevilacqua, M. P., J. S. Prober, M. E. Wheeler, R. S.
Cotran, and M. A. Gimbrone, Jr. 1985. Interleukin-1
acts on cultured human vascular endothelium to in-
crease the adhesion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes,
monocytes, and related leukocyte cell lines. J. Clin.
Invest. 76:2003 - 2011.
Bhalla, D. K., and T. T. Cracker. 1986. Tracheal per-
meability in rats exposed to ozone: An electron micro-
scopic and autoradiographic analysis of the transport
pathway. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 134:572 - 579.
Bhalla, D. K., R. C. Mannix, M. T. Kleinman, and T.
T. Cracker. 1986. Relative permeability of nasal,
tracheas and bronchoalveolar mucosa to macromole-
cules in rats exposed to ozone. J. Toxicol. Environ.
Health 17:269 - 283.
Bice, D. E. 1985. Methods and approaches for assessing
immunotoxocity of the lower respiratory tract, pp.
14S-157. In J. Dean, M. I. Luster, A. E. Munson,
and H. Amos, Eds. Immunotoxicology and Immuno-
pharmacology. Target Organ Toxicology Series. New
York: Raven Press.
Bice, D. E., and B. A. Muggenburg. 1986. Localized
stimulation of memory cells in secondary lung immune
139
responses. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133~4 Pt. 23:A97.
(Abstract.)
Bice, D. E., D. L. Harris, J. O. Hill, B. A. Muggenburg,
and R. K Wolff. 1980a. Immune responses after
localized lung immunization in the dog. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 122:755 - 760.
Bice, D. E., D. L Hams, and B. A. Muggenburg. 1980b.
Regional immunologic responses followinglocalized
deposition of antigen in the lung. limp. Lung Res.
1:33 - 41.
Bice, D. E., M. A. Degen, D. L. Harris, and B. A. Mug-
genburg. 1982. Recruitment of antibody-forming
cells in the lungs after local immunization is nonspe-
cif~c. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 126:635 - 639.
Bignon, J., P. Chahinian, G. Feldmann, and C. Sapin.
1975. Actual immunoper~dase demonstration
of autologous albumin in the alveolar capillary mem-
brane and in the alveolar lining material in normal
rats. J. Cell. Biol. 64:503 - 509.
Bignon, J., M. C. Jaurand, P. Sebastien, and G. Dufour.
1983. Interactions of pleural tissue and cells with
mineral fibers, pp. 198 - 207. In J. Chretien and A.
Hirsch, Eds. Diseases of the Pleura. New York:
Masson.
Bitterman, P. B., S. Adelberg, and R. G. CIystal. 1983.
Mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis. Spontaneous
release of the alveolar macrophag~derived growth
factor in the interstitial lung disorders. J. Clin Invest.
72:1801 - 1813.
Bitterman, P. B., M. D. Wewers, S. I. Rennard, S. Adel-
berg, and R. G. Crystal. 1986. Modulation of
alveolar macrophage-driven f~broblast proliferation
tyalternat*emacrophage mediators. J. Clin. Invest.
77:700 708.
Block, E. R., and A. B. Fisher. 1977. Depression of
serotonin clearance by rat lungs during oxygen ex-
posure. J. Appl. Physiol. 42:33 - 38.
Bloom, A. D., and N. W. Paul, Eds. 1981. Guidelines
for Studies of Human Populations Exposed to Muta-
genic and Reproductive Hazards. Proceedings of
a conference held January 26 27 in Washington,
D.C. White Plains, N.Y.: March of Dimes Birth
Defects Foundation.
Bohning, D. E., H. L. Atkins, and S. H. Cohn. 1982.
Long-term particle clearance in man: Normal and
impaired. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 26:259 - 271.
Bond, J. A., M. M. Butler, M. A. Medinsky, B. A. Mug-
genburg, and R 0. McClellan. 1984. Dog pulmonary
macrophage metabolism of free and particle-associated
(TIC) benzotaipyrene. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health
14:181 - 189.
Bond, J. A., A. R. Dahl, R. F. Henderson, J. S. Dutcher,
J. L. Mauderly, and L. S. Birnbaum. 1986. Species
differences in the disposition of inhaled butadiene.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 84:617 - 627.
Bond, J. A., R. K. Wolff, J. R. Harkema, J. L. Mauderly,
R. F. Henderson, W. C. Griffith, and R. O. McClellan.
1988. Distribution of DNA adducts in the respiratory
tract of rats exposed to diesel exhaust. Toxicol. Appl.
OCR for page 140
140
Pharmacol. 96:336 - 346.
Bocij-Noord, H., N. G. M. Orie, and K. De Vries. 1971.
Immediate and late bronchial obstructive reactions
to inhalation of house dust and protective effects of
disodium cromoglycate and prednisolone. J. Allergy
Clin. Immunol. 48:344 - 354.
Booker, D. V., A. C. Chamberlain, J. Rundo, D. C. F.
Muir, and M. L. Thomson. 1967. Elimination of
5-mu particles from the human lung. Nature
215~96~:30-33.
Boucher, R. C. 1980. Chemical modulation of airway
· epithelialpermeability. Environ. Health Perspect.
35:3 - 12.
Boucher, R. C. 1981. Mechanisms of pollutant-induced
airways toxicity. Clin. Chest Med. 2:377 - 392.
Boucher, R. C., V. Ranga, P. D. Pare, L. A. Moroz, and
J. C. Hogg. 1977a. The effect of allergic bronchocon-
striction on respiratory mucosalpermeability. Physiolo-
gist 20~4~:11. (Abstract.)
Boucher, R. C., P. D. Pare, N. J. Gilmore, L. A. Moroz,
and J. C. Hogg. 1977b. Airway mucosal permeability
in the Ascark suum-sensitive rhesus monkey. J.Allergy
Clin. Immunol. 60:134 - 140.
Boucher, R. C., B. Ranga, P. D. Pare, S. Inoue, L. A.
Moroz, and J. C. Hogg. 1978. Effect of histamine
and methacholine on guinea pig tracheal permeability
to HRP. J. Appl. Physiol. 45:939 - 948.
Boucher, R. C., P. D. Pare, and J. C. Hogg. 1979. Rela-
tionship between airway hyperractivity and hyperper-
meability in ascaris sensitive monkeys. J. Allergy Clin.
Immunol. 64:197 - 201.
Boucher, R. C., J. Johnson, S. Inoue, W. Hulbert, and
J. C. Hogg. 1980. The effect of cigarette smoke on
the permeability of guinea pig airways. Lab. Invest.
43:94 - 100.
Boushey, H. A., M. J. Holtzman, J. R. Sheller, and J.
A. Nadel. 1980. Bronchial hyperreactivity. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 121:389 - 413.
Bowden, D. H. 1983. Cell turnover in the lung. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 128~2 Pt. 2~:S46-S48.
Bradley, M. O., G. Dysart, K. Fitzsimmons, P. Harbach,
J. Lewin, and G. Wolf. 1982. Measurement by filter
elusion of DNA single- and double-strand breaks in
rat hepatopytes: Effect of nitrosamines and gamma-ir-
radiation. Cancer Res. 42:2592 - 2597.
Brain, J. D. 1980. Macrophage damage in relation to
the pathogenesis of lung diseases. Environ. Health
Perspect. 35:21 - 28.
Brain, J. D., and R. Frank. 1973. Alveolar macrophage
adhesion: Wash electrolytic composition and free
cell yield. J. Appl. Physiol. 34:75 - 80.
Brain, J. D., and G. A. Mensah. 1983. Comparative
toxicology of the respiratory tract. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 128~2 Pt. 2~:S87-S90.
Brandtzaeg, P. 1984. Immune functions of human nasal
mucosa and tonsils in health and disease, pp. 28 - 95.
In J. Bienenstock, Ed. Immunology of the Lung and
Upper RespiratoryTract. NewYork: McGraw-Hill.
Brennand, J., A. C. Chinault, D. S. Konecki, D. W. Mel
REFERENCES
ton, and C. T. Caskey. 1982. Cloned cDNA
sequences of the lyp~anthine/guanine phosphonbosyl
transferase gene from a mouse neuroblastoma cell
line found to have amplified genomic sequences.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:1950 - 1954.
Britt, E. J., B. Cohen, H. Menkes, E. Bleecker, S. Permutt,
R. Rosenthal, end P.Norman. 1980. Airways reactivity
and functional deterioration in relatives of COPD
patients. Chest 77:260261.
Brody, A. R. 1984. Inhaled particles in human disease
and animal models; Use of electron beam ~wnen~
lion. Environ. Health Perspect. 56:149 - 162.
Brody, A. R., and L. H. Overby. 1989. Incorporation
of tritiated thymidine by epithelial and interstitial
cells in bronchiolar~veolar regions of a~bestos~pos~
rats. Am. J. Pathol. 134:133 - 140.
Brody, A. R., and M. W. Roe. 1983. Deposition pattern
of inorganic particles at the alveolar level in the lungs
of rats and mice. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 128:724 729.
Brody, A. R., L. H. Hill, B. Adkins, Jr., and R. W. O'Con-
ner. 1981. Chrysotile asbestos inhalation in rats:
Deposition pattern and reaction of alveolar epithelium
end pulmonary macrophages. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
123:670 - 679.
Brooks, S. M., M. A. Weiss, and I. L. Bernstein. 1985.
Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS):
Persistent asthma syndrome after high level irritant
exposures. Chest 88:37~384.
Buist, A. S., and B. B. Ross. 1973. Quantitative analysis
of the alveolar plateau in the diagnosis of early aid
obstruction. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 108:1078 - 1087.
Butler, W. T., T. A. Waldmann, and R. D. Rossen. 1970.
Changes in IgA and IgG concentrations in nasal secre-
tions prior to appearance of antibody during viral
respirato~yinfecdonin man. J. Immunol.105:584 591.
Calleman, C. J., L. Ehrenberg, B. Jansson, S.
Osterman-Golkar, D. Segerback, K. Svensson, and
C. A. Wachmeister. 1978. Monitoring for risk
assessment by means of allyl groups in hemoglobin
in persons occupationally exposed to ethylene oxide.
J. Pathol. Toxicol. 2:427 - 442.
Camner, P., and K. Philipson. 1971. Intra-individual
studies of tracheobronchial clearance in man using
fluorocarbon resin particles tagged with i8F and 99~c,
pp. 157 - 163. In W. H. Walton, Ed. Inhaled Particles
III, Vol. 1. Surrey: Unwin.
Camner, P., and K. Philipson. 1978. Human alveolar
deposition of ~p Teflon particles. Arch. Environ.
Health 33:181 - 185.
Camner, P., K. Philipson, L. Friberg, B. Holma, B. Lars-
son, and J. Svedberg. 1971. Human tracheobronchial
clearance studies with fluorocarbon resin particles
tagged with i8F. Arch. Environ. Health 22:444 - 449.
Camus, A. M., A. Aitio, N. Sabadie, J. Wahrendorf, and
H. Bartsch. 1984. Metabolism and urinary excretion
of mutagenic metabolites of benzo~a~pyrene in C57
and DBA mice strains. Carcinogenesis 5:35 - 39.
Cantin, A., and R. G. Crystal. 1985. Oxidants, antioxi-
dants and the pathogenesis of emphysema. Eur. J.
OCR for page 141
REFERENCES
Respir. Dis. 139(Suppl.):7 - 17.
Cantin, A., R. Begin, M. Rola-Pleszczyoski, and R. Boil-
eau. 1983. Heterogeneity of bronchoalveolar ravage
cellularity in stage III pulmonary sarcoidosis. Chest
83:485 - 486.
Cantin, A., L. North, and R. G. Crystal. 1985. Glutathi-
one is present in normal alveolar epithelial lining fluid
in sufficient concentration to provide antioxidant
protection to lung parenchymal cells. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 131(4 Pt. 2) A372. (Abstract.)
Carlock, L. R., T. D. Vo, C. R. DeHaven, and J. C.
Murray. 1987. An anonymous genomic crone that
detects a frequent RFLP adjacent to the D4S10 (G8)
marker and Huntington's disease. Nucleic Acids Res.
12:377.
Carp, H., and A. Janoff. 1979. In vitro suppression of
serum elastase-inhibitory capacitybyreactive oxygen
species generated byphagocytosingpolymorphonuclear
leukocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 63:793 - 797.
Center, D. M., W. Cruikshank, J. S. Berman, and D.
J. Beer. 1983. Functional characteristics of histamine
receptor-bearing mononuclear cells. I. Selective
production of lymphocyte chemoattractant Phones
with histamine used as a ligand. J. Immunol.
131:1854 - 1859.
Cerny, T., D. M. Barnes, P. Hasleton, P. V. Barber, K
Healy, W. Gullick and N. Thatcher. 1986. Expression
of epidermal gem factor receptor (EGF-R) in human
lung tumors. Br. J. Cancer 54:265 - 269.
Ceuppens, J. L., L. M. Lacguet, G. Marien, M. Demedts,
A. van den Eeckhout, and E. Stevens. 1984. Alveolar
T-cells subsets in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Correlation
with disease activity and effect of steroid treatment.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 129:563 - 568.
Chang, L. Y., L. H. Overby, A. R. Brody, and J. D. Crapo.
1988. Progressive lung cell reactions and extracellular
matrix production after a brief exposure to asbestos.
Am. J. Pathol. 131:156 - 170.
Chan-Yeung,M.,andS.Lam. 1986. Occupationalasth-
ma. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:686 703.
Chapman, H. A., Jr., O. L. Stone, and Z. Vavrin. 1984.
Degradation of fibrin and elastin by human alveolar
macrophages in vitro. Characterization of a plasmin~
gen activator and its role in matrix degradation. J.
Clin. Invest. 73:806 - 815.
Chase, M. W. 1961. The preparation and standardization
of satisfactotyKveim testing antigen. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 84:86 - 88.
Cheema, M. S., S. Groth, and C. Marriott. 1988. Binding
and diffusion characteristics of i4C EDTA and ~mTc
DTPA in respiratogr tract mucus glycoprotein from
patientswithchronicbronchitis. Thorax43:669 - 673.
Chellman, G. J., R. D. White, R. M. Norton, and J. S.
Bus. 1986. Inhibition of the acute toxicity of methyl
chloride in male B6C3F1 mice by glutathione depletion.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 86:93 - 104.
Chen, S., V. Mahadevan, and L. Zieve. 1970a. Volatile
fatty acids in the breath of patients with cirrhosis of
the liver. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 75:622 - 627.
141
Chen, S., L. Zieve, and V. Mahadevan. 1970b. Mercap-
tans and dimethyl sulfide in the breath of patients
with cirrhosis of the liver: Effect of feeding methio-
nine. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 75:628 63S.
Chopra, S. K, G. V. Taplin, D. H. Simmons, and D.
Elam. 1977. Measurement of mucociliary transport
velocity in the intact mucosa. Chest 71:155 - 158.
Chopra, S. K, G. V. Taplin, D. P. Tashkin, E. Trevor,
and D. Elam. 1979. Imag ng sites of airway obstruct
lion and measuring functional responses to broncho-
dilator treatment in asthma. Thorax 34:493 - 500.
Churg, As, and J. L. Wright. 1983. Small airways disease
and mineral dust exposure. Pathol. Annul 18 (Pt.
2~:233 - 251.
Cleare, M. J., E. G. Hughes, B. Jacoby, and J. Pepys.
1976. Immediate (type I) allergic responses to plati-
num compounds. Clin. Allergy 6:183 - 195.
Cockroft, D. W., B. A. Berscheid, and K. Y. Murdock.
1983. Unimodal distribution of bronchial responsive-
ness to inhaled hi~rnine in a random human popula-
tion. Chest 83:751 - 754.
Coffee D. L., D. E. Gardner, R. S. Holzman, and F.
J. Wolock. 1968. Influence of ozone on pulmonary
cells. Arch. Environ. Health 16:633 - 636.
Cohen, D. 1973. Fenomagnetic contamination in the
lungs and other organs of the human body. Science
180:745 - 748.
Cohen, D., S. F. Arai, and J. D. Brain. 1979. Smoking
impairs long-term dust clearance from the lung.
Science 204:510517.
Cohen, D., T. S. Crowther, G. W. Gibbs, and M. R.
Becklake. 1981. Magnetic lung measurements in
relation to occupational exposure in asbestos miners
and millers of Quebec. Environ. Res. 26:535 - 550.
Cohen, G., and A. I. Cederbaum. 1979. Chemical evi-
dence for production of hydro~cyl radicals during micro-
somalelectron transfer. Science 204:6~68.
Cohen, M. H. 1975. Guest editorial: Lung cancer:
A status report. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 55:505 - 511.
Cole, F. S., W. J. Matthews, Jr., T. H. Rossing, D. J.
Gash, N. A. Lichtenberg, and J. E. P=nin~on. 1983.
Complement biosynthesis by human bronchoalveolar
macrophages. Clin. Immun. Immunopathol.
27:153 - 159.
Cole, P., and P. Stanley. 1983. The importance of nasal
symptoms to the chest physician. Eur. J. Respir. Dis.
64(Suppl. 126~:145-148.
Cole, R., C. Turton, H. Lanyon, and J. Collins. 1980.
Bronchoalveolar ravage for the preparation of free
lung cells: Technique and complications. Br. J. Dis.
Chest 74:273 - 278.
Coles, S. J., K. H. Neill, L. M. Reid, K. F. Austen, Y.
Nil, E. J. Corey, and R. A. Lewis. 1983. Effects of
leukotrienes C4 and D4 on ~ycoprotein and lysoyme
secretion by human bronchial mucosa Prostaglandins
25:155 - 170.
Colten, H. R., and L. P. Einstein. 1976. Complement
metabolism: Cellular and immoral regulation. Tram
plant Rev. 32:3 - 11.
s
OCR for page 142
142
Colten, H. R., C. A. Alper, and F. S. Rosen. 1981.
Genetics and biosynthesis of complement proteins.
N. Engl. J. Med. 304:653 - 656.
Conkle, J. P., B. J. Camp, and B. E. Welch. 1975. Trace
composition of human respiratory gas. Arch. Environ.
Health 30:290295.
Connell, J. T. 1979. A novel method to assess antihis-
tamine and decongestant efficacy. Ann. Allergy
42:278 - 285.
Conner, M. W., A. E. Rogers, and M. O. Amdur. 1982.
Response of guinea pig respiratory tract to inhalation
of submicron zinc oxide particles generated in the
presence of sulfur dioxide end wafer vapor. Toxicol.
Appl. Pharmacol. 66:434 - 442.
Conner, M. W., I. Chaudhuri, A. E. Rogers, and M. O.
Amdur. 1985. Kinetics of respiratory tract absorption
and plasma clearance of horseradish peroxidase in
guinea pigs. Fundam. Appl. Topical. 5:99 - 104.
Cormier, Y., J. Belanger, J. Beaudoin, M. Laviolette,
R. Beaudoin, end d. Herbert. 1984. Abnormalbron-
choalveolar ravage in asymptomatic dairy farmers:
Study of lymphocytes. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
130:1046 - 1049.
Cormier, Y., J. Belanger, and M. Laviolette. 1986. Persis-
tent bronchoalveolar lymphocytosis in asymptoma-
tic farmers. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:843 - 847.
Cormier, Y., J. Belanger, and M. LavioleKe. 1987. Prom
noetic significance of bronchoalveolar lymphocyto-
sis in farmer's lung. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
135:692 - 695.
Cosio, M., H. Ghezo, J. C. Hogg, R. Corbin, M. Love-
land, J. Dosman, and P. T. Macklem. 1978. The
relations between structural changes in small airways
and pulmonary-function tests. N. Engl. J. Med.
298:1277 - 1281.
Costabel, U., K. J. Bross, J. Marxen, and H. Matthys.
1984. T-lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar ravage fluid
of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Changes in profile
of T-cell subsets during the course of disease. Chest
85:514 - 518.
Cramer, W. O., and W. C. Miller. 1977. A computerized
approach to closing volume determination. Ann.
Allergy 38:22 - 26.
Crapo, R. O., and A. H. Morris. 1981. Standardized
single breath normal values for carbon monoxide
diffusing capacity. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 123:1854189.
Craven, N., G. Sidwall, P. West, D. S. McCarthy, and
R. M. Cherniack. 1976. Computer analysis of the
single-breath nitrogen washout curve. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 113:445 - 449.
Cresia, D. A., P. Netteshe~m, and A. S. Hammons. 1973.
Impairment of deep lung clearance by influenza virus
infection. Arch. Environ. Health 26:197 - 201.
Creticos, P. S., S. P. Peters, N. F. Adkinson, Jr., R. M.
Naclerio, E. C. Hayes, P. S. Norman, and L. M. Lich-
tenstein. 1984. Peptide leukotriene release after
antigen challenge in patients sensitive to ragweed.
N. Engl. J. Med. 310:1626 - 1630.
Crimi, D., A. Scordamaglia, P. Crimi, S. Zupo, and S.
REFERENCES
Barocci. 1983. Total and specific IgE in serum,
bronchial ravage and bronchoalveoalar ravage of asth-
matic patients. Allergy 38:553 - 559.
Crystal, R. G., W. C. Roberts, G. W. Hunninghake, J.
E. Gadek, J. D. Fulmer, and B. R. Line. 1981. Pul-
monary sarcoidosis: A disease characterized and
perpetuated by activated lung T-lymphocytes. Ann.
Intern. Med. 94:73 - 94.
Cuddihy, R. G., B. B. Boecker, and W. C. Griffith. 1979.
Modelling the deposition and clearance of inhaled
radionuclides, pp. 77 - 89. In International Atomic
EnergyAgency. Biological Implications of Radionu-
clides Released from Nuclear Industries: Proceedings
of the International Symposium on Biological Implica-
tions of Radionuclides Released from Nuclear In-
dustries, Vienna, 2~30 March 1979. Vol. II. Vienna:
International Atomic Energy Agency.
Cumming, G., and S. J. Semple. 1980. Disorders of
the Respiratory System, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell
Scientific Publications. 616 pp.
Cutillo, A. G., A. H. Morris, D. D. Blatter, T. A. Case,
D. C. Ailion, C. H. Durney, and S. A. Johnson. 1984.
Determination of lung water content and distribution
by nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Appl. Physiol.
57:583 - 588.
Daly, A. R., J. M. Benson, R. L. Hanson, and S. J. Roth-
enberg. 1984. The fractionation of environmental
samples according to Salary by vacuum l~yogenic
distillation. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 45:193 - 198.
Dahl, A. R., L. S. Birnbaum, J. A. Bond, P. G. Gervasi,
and R. F. Henderson. 1987. The fate of isoprene
inhaled by rats: Comparison to butadiene. Toxicol.
Appl. Pharmacol. 89:237 - 248.
Dally, M. B., J. V. Hunter, E. G. Hughes, M. Stewart,
end A. J. Newman Taylor. 1980. Hypersensitivity
to platinum salts: A population study. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 121(Suppl):230. (Abstract.)
Daniele, R. P. 1980. Immune defenses of the lung, pp.
624~632. In A. P. Fishman, Ed. Pulmonary Diseases
and Disorders, Vol. 1. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Daniele, R. P., M. D. Altose, and D. T. Rowlands, Jr.
1975. Immunocompetent cells from the lower respira-
tory tract of normal human lungs. J. Clin. Invest.
56:986 - 995.
Daniele, R. P., C. H. Beacham, and D. J. Gorenberg.
1977a. The bronchoalveolar lymphocyte: Studies
on the life history and lymphocyte traffic from blood
to the lung. Cell. Immunol. 31:48 - 54.
Daniele, R. P., J. H. Dauber, M. D. Altose, D. T. Row-
lands, Jr., and D. J. Gorenberg. 1977b. Lymphocyte
studies in asymptomatic cigarette smokers. A com-
parison between lung and peripheral blood. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 116:997 - 1005.
Daniele, R. P., J. H. Dauber, and M. D. Rossman. 1980.
Immunologic abnormalitiesin sarcoidosis. Ann. Intern.
Med. 92:406 416.
Daniele, R. P., J. A. Elias, P. E. Epstein, and M. D.
Rossman. 1985. Bronchoalveolar ravage: Role in
the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of inter
OCR for page 143
REFERENCES
stitial lung disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 102:93 - 108.
Dauber, J. H., M. D. Rossman, and R. P. Daniele. 1979.
Bronchoalveolar cell populations in acute sarcoidos~s:
Observations in smoking and nonsmoking patients.
J. Lab. Clin. Med. 94:862 - 871.
Davis, W. B., S. I. Rennard, P. B. Bitterman, and R.
G. Crystal. 1983. Pulmonary oxygen toxicity: Early
reversible changes in human alveolar structures induced
by hyperopia. N. Engl. J. Med. 309:878 - 883.
Davis, W. B., G. A. Fells, X. H. Sun, J. E. Gadek, A.
Venet, and R. G. Crystal. 1984. Eos~nophil-mediated
injury to lung parenchymal cells and interstitial matrix:
A possible role for eosinophils in chronic inflammatory
disorders of the lower respiratory tract. J. Clin. Invest.
74:269 - 278.
Dawson, A. 1982. Elastic recoil and compliance, pp.
193 - 204. In J. L. Clausen, Ed. Pulmonary Function
Testing Guidelines and Controversies: Equipment,
Methods, end NormalValues. New York: Academic
Press.
De Meo, M. P., G. Dumenil, A. H. Botta, M. Laget,
V. Zabaloueff, end A. Mathias. 1987. Urine mutageni-
city of steelworkers exposed to coke oven emissions.
Carcinogenesis 8:363 - 367.
De Monchy, J. G. R., H. F. Kauffman, P. Venge, G. H.
Koeter, H. M. Jansen, H. J. Sluiter, and K. De Vries.
1985. Bronchoalveolar eosinophilia during allergen-in-
duced late asthmatic reactions. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 131:373 - 376.
Dempsey, R. A., C. A. Dinarello, J. W. Mier, L. J. Rosen-
wasser, M. Allegretta, T. E. Brown, and D. R. Parkin-
son. 1982. The differential effects of human
leukocyte pyrogen/lymphocyte-activating factor, T
cell growth factor, and interferon on human natural
killer activity. J. Immunol. 129:2504 - 2510.
DeNicola, D. B., A. H. Rebar, and R. F. Henderson.
1981. Early damage indicators in the lung. V. Bio-
chemical and cytological response to NO2 inhalation.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 60:301 - 312.
Deodhar, S. D., B. Barna, and H. S. Van Ordstrand.
1973. A study of the immunologic aspects of chronic
berylliosis. Chest 63:309 - 313.
De Vuyst, P. P. Dumortier, E. Moulin, N. Yourassowdy,
and J. C. Yernault. 1987. Diagnostic value of asbestos
bodies in Bronchoalveolar ravage fluid. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 136:1219 - 1224.
Diaz, P., F. R. Galleguillos, M. C. Gonzalez, C. F. A.
Pantin, and A. B. Kay. 1984. Bronchoalveolar ravage
in asthma: The effect of disodium cromoglycate
(cromolyn) on leukocyte counts, immunoglobulins,
and complement. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 74:41 - 48.
Dinarello, C. A. 1984. Interleukin-1 and the catho~enesis
of the acute-phase response.
311:1413 - 1418.
- - - r ~
N. Engl. J. Med.
Dohn, M. N., and R. P. Baughman. 1985. Effect of
changing instilledvolume for Bronchoalveolar ravage
in patients with interstitial lung disease. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 132:39~392.
Dolovich, M. B. 1985. Technical factors influencing
143
response to challenge aerosols, p. 9. In F. E. Har-
greave and A. J. Woolcock, Eds. Airway Respon-
s*eness: Measurement and Interpretation. Missis-
sauga: Astra Pharmaceuticals Canada Ltd.
Dolovich, M. B., J. Sanchis, C. Rossman, and M. T.
Newhouse. 1976. Aerosolpenetrance: A sensitive
index of peripheral airways obstruction. J. Appl.
Physiol. 40:468 - 471.
Dorin, J. R., M. Novak, R. E. Hill, D. J. Brock, D. S.
Secher, and V. van Heyningen. 1987. A clue to the
basic defect in cystic fibrosis from cloning the CF
antigen gene. Nature 326~6113~:614 - 617.
Dozy, A. M., E. N. Forman, D. N. Abuelo, G. Barsel-Bow-
ers, M. J. Mahoney, B. G. Forget, and Y. W. Kan.
1979. Prenatal diagnosis of homozygous alpha-thalasse
mia. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 241:161~1612.
Drazen, J. M., K. F. Austen, R. A. Lewis, D. A. Clark,
G. Goto, A. Marfat, and E. J. Corey. 1980. Compara-
tive airway end vascular activities of leukotrienesC-1
and D in viva and in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA 77:4354 - 4358.
Dunn. B. P. 1983. Wide-rance linear dose-response
_
curve for DNA binding of orally administered ben-
zoia~pyrene in mice. Cancer Res. 43:2654 - 2658.
Dusser, D. J., M. A. Collignon, G. Stanislas-Leguern,
L. G. Barritault, J. Chretien, and G. J. Huchon. 1986a.
Respiratory clearance of 99mT~DTPA and pulmonary
involvement in sarcoidosis. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
134:493 - 497.
Dusser, D. J., B. D. Minty, M. A. Collignon, D. Hinge,
L. G. Barritault, and G. J. Huchon. 1986b. Regional
respiratory clearance of aerosolized 99mTc-DTPA:
Posture and smoking effects. J. Appl. Physiol.
60:2000 2006.
Eden, E., and G. M. Turino. 1986. Interleukin-1 secre-
lion by human alveolar macrophages stimulated
with endoto~n is augmented by recombinant immune
(gamma) interferon. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
133:455-460.
Effros, R. M. 1985. Lung water measurements with
the mean transit time approach. J. Appl. Physiol.
59:673 - 683.
Egan, E. A. 1980. Response of alveolar epithelial solute
permeability to changes in lung inflation. J. Appl.
Physiol. 49:1032 - 1036.
Eggleston, P. A., J. O. Hendley, and J. M. Gwaltney,
Jr. 1984. Mediators of immediate hypersensitivity
in nasal secretions during natural colds and rhinovirus
infection. Acta Otola~yngol. 413(Suppl.~:25 - 35.
Ehrlich, R., J. C. Findlay, J. D. Fenters, and D. E. Gard-
ner. 1977. Health effects of short-term inhalation
of nitrogen dioxide and ozone mixtures. Environ.
Res. 14:223 - 231.
Eisenberg, P. R., J. R. Hansbrough, D. Anderson, and
D. P. Schuster. 1987. A prospective study of lung
water measurements during patient management in
an intensive care unit. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
136:662-668.
El-Dorry, H. A., C. B. Pickett, J. S. MacGregor, and
OCR for page 144
144
R. L. Soffer. 1982. Tissue-speci6~c expression of
mRNAs for dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase isozymes.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:4295 - 4297.
Elias, J., M. D. Rossman, R B. Zurier, and R. P. Daniele.
1985a. Human alveolar macrophage inhibition of
lung fibroblast growth. A prostaglandin-dependent
process. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 131:94 - 99.
Elias, J. A., A. D. Schreiber, K. Gustilo, P. Chien, M.
D. Rossman, P. J. Lammie, and R. P. Daniele. 1985b.
Differential interleukin 1 elaboration byunfractionated
and density fractionated human alveolar macrophages
and blood monocytes: Relationship to cell maturity.
J. Immunol. 135:3198 - 3204.
Elliott, F. J., and L. Reid. 1965. Some new facts about
the pulmonary artery and its branching pattern. Clin.
Radial. 16:193.
Emmett, P. C., R. G. Love, W. J. Hannan, A. M. Millar,
and C. A. Soutar. 1984. The relationship between
the pulmonary distribution of inhaled fine aerosols
and tests of airwayfunction. Bull. Eur. Physiopathol.
Respir. 20:325 - 332.
Engel, L. A. 1983. Gas mixing within the acinus of the
lung. J. Appl. Physiol. 54:609 - 618.
Engel, L. A., and P. T. Macklem. 1977. Gas mixing
and distribution in the lung, pp.37 - 82. In J. G. Wid-
dicombe,Ed. Respiratory Physiology II. International
Review ofPhysiolo~r, VoL 14. Baltimore: University
Park Press.
Engel, L. A., A. Grassino, and N. R. Anthonisen. 1975.
Demonstration of ainvay closure in man. J. Appl.
Physiol. 38:1117 - 1125.
Enterline, P. E., V. L. Henderson, and G. M. Marsh.
1987. Exposure to arsenic and respiratory cancer:
A reanalysis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 125:929 - 938.
Epstein, P. E., J. H. Dauber, M. D. Rossman, and R.
P. Daniele. 1982. Bronchoalveolar ravage in a patient
with chronic be~ylliosis: Evidence for hypersensitivity
pneumonitis. Ann. Intern. Med. 97:213 - 216.
Ernst, P., D. Thomas, and M. R B~ake. 1986. Respi-
ratory survey of North American Indian children
living in pro~mity to an aluminum smelter. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 133:307 - 312.
Eschenbacher, W. L., and T. R. Gravelyn. 1987. A
technique for isolated airway segment ravage. Chest
92:105 - 109.
Ettensohn, D. B., P. A. Lalor, and N. J. Roberts, Jr.
1986. Human alveolar macrophage regulation of
l~rmphocyte proliferation. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
133:1091 - 1096.
Evans, M. J. 1982. Cell death and cell renewal in small
airways and alveoli, pp.189 - 218. In H. Witschi, and
P. Nettesheim, Eds. Mechanisms in Respiratory
Toxicology. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.
Fahey, P. J., M. J. Utell, R. J. Mayewski, J. D. Wandtke,
and R. W. Hyde. 1982. Early diagnosis ofbleomycin
pulmonary toxicity using bronchoalveolar ravage in
dogs. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 126:126 130.
Faith, R. E., M. I. Luster, and J. G. Vos. 1980. Effects
on immunocompetence by chemicals of en~rironmental
REFERENCES
concern, pp. 173 - 212. In E. Hodgson, J. R. Bend,
and R. M. Philpot, Eds. Reviews in Biochemical
Toxicology, Vol. 2. New York: Elsevier.
Farr, B., S. F. Hackett, B. Winther, and J. O. Hendley.
1984. A method for measuring polymorphonuclear
leukocyte concentrations in nasal mucus. Acta Oto-
laryngol. 413(Suppl.):15 - 18.
Fauci, A. S., A. hI. Macher, D. L. Longo, H. C. Lane,
A. H. Rook, H. Masur, and E. P. Gelmann. 1984.
NIH conference. Acquired immunodeficiency syn-
drome: Epidemiologic, clinical, immunologic and
therapeutic considerations. Ann. Intern. Med.
100:92 - 106.
Feinberg, A. P., and B. Vogelstein. 1983. Hypomethyla-
tion distinguishes genes of some human cancers from
their normal counterparts. Nature 301(5895):89 - 92.
Felarca, A. B., and F. C. L~veLL 1971. The accumulation
of eosinophils and basophils at skin sites as related
to intensity of skin reactivity and symptoms of atopic
disease. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 48:125 - 133.
Felicetti, S. A., R. K. Wolff, and B. A. Muggenburg.
1981. Comparison of tracheal mucous transport in
rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs. J. Appl. Physiol.
51:1612 - 1617.
Fels, A. O. S., and Z. A. Cohn. 1986. The alveolar
macrophage. J. Appl. Physiol. 60:353 - 369.
Ferns, B. G. 1978. Epidemiology Standardization Project
(American ThoracicSoc~ety). Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
118(6 Pt. 2):1 - 120.
Ferro, T. J., J. A. Kern, J. A. Elias, M. Kamoun, R. P.
Daniele, and M. D. Rossman. 1987. Alveolar macro-
phages, blood monocytes, and density-fractioned
alveolar macrophages differ in their ability to promote
lymphocyte proliferation to mitogen and antigen.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135:682 - 687.
Finch, G. L., G. L. Fisher, T. L. Ha~res, and D. W. Golde.
1982. Surface morphology and functional studies of
human alveolar maaophages from cigarette smokers
and nonsmokers. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 32:1 - 23.
Finley, T. N., E. W. Swenson, W. S. Curran, G. L. Huber,
end A. J. Ladman. 1967. Bronchopulmonary ravage
in normal subjects and patients with obstructive lung
disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 66:651 - 658.
Fiserova-Bergerova, V., Ed. 1983. Modeling of Inhalation
Exposure to Vapors: Uptake, Distribution and Elimi-
nation. Vol. I and II. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC
Press.
Fiserova-Bergerova, V., and D. A. Holaday. 1979. U~
take and clearance of inhalation anesthetics in man.
Drug. Metab. Dispos. 9:43 - 60.
Fiserova-B=geova, V., J. Vlach, and J. C. Cassady. 1980.
Predictable "individual differences" in uptake and
exaction of gases and lipid soluble vapour simulation
study. Br. J. Indust. Med' 37:42 - 49.
Fishman, A. P., Ed. 1980. Pulmonary Diseases and
Disorders. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2vols.
Fletcher, C. M., R. Peto, C. M. Tinker, and F. E. Speizer.
1976. The Natural History of Chronic Bronchitis and
Emphysema: An Eight-Year Study of Working Men
OCR for page 145
REFERENCES
.
in London. New York: Oxford University Press.
272 pp.
Forkert, L., S. Dhingra, and N. R. Anthonisen. 1979.
Airway closure and closingvolume. J. Appl. Physiol.
46:24 - 30.
Foster, W. M., E. G. Langenback, D. Bohning, and E.
H. Bergofsky. 1978. Quantitation of mucus clearance
in peripheral lung and comparison with tracheal and
broncial mucus transport velocities in man: Adrener-
gics return depressed clearance and transport
velocities in asthmatics to normal. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 117(Suppl.~:337. (Abstract.)
Foster, W. M., E. G. Langenback, and E. H. Bergofsky.
1982. Lung mucociliary function in man: Interdepen-
dence of bronchial and tracheal mucus transport
velocities with lung clearance in bronchial asthma
and healthy subjects. Ann. Occup. Hyg.26:227 - 244.
Foster, W. M., E. G. Langenback, and E. H. Bergofsky.
1985. Disassociation in the mucociliary function of
central and peripheral airways of asymptomatic smok-
ers. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 132:633 - 639.
Fowler, W. S. 1949. Lung function studies. m. Uneven
pulmonary ventilation in normal subjects and in pa-
tients with pulmonary disease. J. Appl. Physiol.
2:283 - 299.
Frampton, M. W., A. M. Smeglin, N. J. Roberts, Jr.,
J. N. Finkelstein, P. E. Morrow, and M. J. Utell.
1987. Intermittent peak versus continuous NO2 ex-
posure: Effects on human alveolar macrophages.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135:A58. (Abstract.)
Freedman, A. P., and S. E. Robinson. 1981. Evaluation
of magnetopneumography for assessing thoracic ac-
cumulation of welding fume particulate and lung
dust clearance, pp. 489 - 496. In S. N. Erne, H. D.
Hahlbohm and H. Lubbig, Eds. Biomagnetism. Pro-
ceedings Third International Workshop on Biomag:
netism, Berlin (West), May 1980. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Freedman, A. P., S. E. Robinson, and R. J. Johnston.
1980. N o n - i n v a s i v e m a g n e t o p n e u m o g r a p h i c e s t i m a t i o n
of lung dust loads and distnbution in bituminous coal
workers. J. Occup. Med. 22:613 - 618.
Freedman, A. P., S. E. Robinson, and F. H. Y. Green.
1982. Magnetopneumography as a tool for the study
of dust retention in the lungs. Ann. Occup. Hyg.
26:319 - 335.
Freeman, B. A., and J. D. Crapo. 1981. Hyperoxia
increases oxygen radical production in rat lungs and
lung mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem.256: 10986 - 10992.
Freeman, B. A., and J. D. Crapo. 1982. Free radicals
and tissue inju~y. Lab Invest. 47:412 - 426.
Friedman, M., F. D. Stott, D. O. Poole, R. Dougherty,
G. A. Chapman, H. Watson, and M. A. Sackner.
1977. A new roentenographic method for estimating
mucous velocity in anways. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
115:67 - 72.
Friend, S. H., R. Bernards, S. Rogelj, R. A. Weinberg,
J. M. Rapaport, D. M. Albert, and T. P. D~a. 1986.
A human DNA segment with properties of the gene
that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma.
145
Nature 323~6089~:643 - 646.
Gadek, J. E., G. A. Fells, D. G. Wright, and R. G. Crystal.
1980. Human neutrophil elastase functions as a type
III collagen "collagenase." Biochem. Biophys. Res.
Commun. 95:1815 - 1822.
Gadek, J. E., G. A. Fells, R. L. Zimmerman, S. I. Ren-
nard, and R. G. Crystal. 1981. Antielastases of
the human alveolar structures. Implications for the
protease-antiprotease theory of emphysema. J. Clin.
Invest. 68:889 - 898.
Galdston, M., V. Levytska, V., M. S. Schwartz, and B.
Magnusson. 1984. Ceruloplasmin: Increased serum
concentration and impa*ed antioxidant activity in
cigarette smokers, and ability to prevent suppression
of elastase inhibitory capacity of alpha 1-proteinase
inhibitor. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 129:258 - 263.
Gamou, S., J. Hunts, H. Hangai, S. Hirohashi, Y. Shimo-
sato, I. Pastan, and N. Shimizu. 1987. Molecular
evidence for the lack of epidermal growth factor
receptor gene expression in small cell lung carcinoma
cells. Cancer Res. 47:2668 - 2673.
Gamsu, G., R. M. Weintraub, and J. A. Nadel. 1973.
Clearance of tantalum from ainvays of different cal~ber
in man evaluated by a roentgenographic method.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 107:214 - 224.
Ganey, P. E., and R. A. Roth. 1987. Elevated serum
copper concentration in monocrotaline pyrrole treated
rats with pulmonary hypertension. Biochem. Phar-
macol. 36:3535 - 3537.
Garcia, J. G. N., R. G. Wolven, P. L. Garcia, and B.
A. Keogh. 1986. Assessment of interlobar variation
of bronchoalveolar ravage cellular differentials in
interstitial lung diseases. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
133:444 - 449.
Gearhart, J. M., and R. B. Schlesinger. 1987. A mor-
phometric analysis of rabbit airways after repeated
exposure to sulfuric acid aerosol. Toxicologist 7:193.
Gearhart, J. M., and R. B. Schlesinger. 1988. Response
of the tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance system
to repeated irritant exposure: Effect of sulfuric acid
mist on function and structure. Exp. Lung Res.
14:587 - 606.
Gebhart, J., J. Heyder, and W. Stahlhofen. 1981. Use
of aerosols to estimate ~rrona~y air-ppace dimensions
J. Appl. Physiol. 51:465 - 476.
Geggel, R. L., A. C. A. Ca~valho, L. W. Hoyer, and L.
M. Reid. 1987. Von Willebrand factor abnormalities
in primary pulmona~y hypertension. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 135:294 - 299.
Gelb, A. F., and N. Zamel. 1973. Simplif~ed diagnosis
of small airway obstruction. N. Engl. J. Med.
288:395 - 398.
Gerberick, G. H., H. A. Jaffe, J. B. Willoughby, and W.
F. Willoughby. 1986. Relationships between pul-
monary inflammation, plasma transudation, and
o~gen metabolite secretion by alveolar macrophages.
J. Immunol. 137:114 - 121.
Gillis, C. N., and B. R. Pitt. 1982. The fate of circulating
amines within the pulmona~y circulation. Annul Rev.
OCR for page 146
146
Physiol. 44:269 - 281.
Ginns, L. C., P. D. Goldenheim, R. C. Burton, R. B.
Colvin, L. G. Miller, G. Goldstein, C. Hurwitz, and
H. Kazemi. 1982. T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral
blood and lung ravage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
and sarcoidosis: Analysis by monoclonal antibodies
and flow cytometry. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol.
25:11 - 20.
Gleich, G. J., E. Frigas, D. A. Loegering, D. L. Wasson,
and D. Steinmuller. 1979. Cytotoxic properties of
the eosinophil major basic protein. J. Immunol.
123:2925 - 2927.
Godard, P., J. Clot, O. Jonquet, J. Bousquet, and F. B.
Michel. 1981. Lymphocytesubpopulationsinbroncho-
alveolar ravages of patients with sarcoidosis and hyper-
sensitivity pneumonitis. Chest 80:447 - 452.
Gold,P.M. 1982. Single breath nitrogen test: Closing
volume and distribution of ventilation, pp. 105 - 114.
In J. L. Clausen, Ed. Pulmonary Function Testing
Guidelines and Controversies: Equipment, Methods,
and Normal Values. New York: Academic Press.
Golden, J. A., J. A. Nadel, and H. A. Boushey. 1978.
Bronchial hyperirritability in healthy subjects after
~posure to ozone. Ant Rev. Respir. D~ 118 287 - 294.
Gongora, G., M. Roy, R. Gongora, P. Drutel, J. P. Gail-
lard, and H. Jammet. 1981. Bronchopulmona~y
clearance of radioactive labelled particles among 90
normal and pathological subjects. In H. Hauck, Ed.
Pro~gs of International Symposium on Deposition
and Clearance of Aerosols, Bad Gleichenberg,Austria
Vienna: Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Aerosols in der
Medizine.
Gonzalez, F. J., A. K. Jaiswal, and D. W. Nebert. 1986.
P450 genes: Evolution, regulation and relationship
to human cancer and pharmacogenetics. Cold Spring
Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 51(Pt. 2~:879 - 890.
Goodman, R. M., B. M. Yergin, J. F. Landa, M. H.
Golinvaux, and M. A. Sackner. 1978. Relationship
of smoking history and pulmonary function tests to
tracheal mucus velocityin nonsmokers, young smokers,
ax-smokers and patients with chronic bronchitis. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 117:205 - 214.
Gordon, T., J. E. Thompson, and D. Sheppard. 1988.
Arachidonic acid metabolites do not mediate toluene
diisocyanate-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in
guinea pigs. Prostaglandins 35:699 - 706.
Gorin, A. B., W. J. Weidner, R. H. Demling, and N.
C. Staub. 1978. Noninvasive measurement of pul-
monary transvascular protein flux in sheep. J. Appl.
Physiol. 45:225 - 233.
Gosmset, P., A. B. TonneL M. Joseph, L. Prin, A. Mallart,
J. Charon, and A. Capron. 1984. Secretion of a
chemotactic factor for neutrophils and eosinophils
by alveolar macrophages from asthmatic patients.
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 74:827 - 834.
Graham, D., F. W. Henderson, and D. House. 1988.
Neutrophil influx measured in nasal ravages of humans
exposed to ozone. Arch. Environ. Health.43:228 233.
Green, L. C., P. L. Skipper, R. J. Turesly, M. S. BIyant,
REFERENCES
and S. R. Tannenbaum. 1984. In vivo dosimetry of
4aminobiphenyl in rats via a cysteine adduct in hemo-
globin. Cancer Res. 44:4254 - 4259.
Greening, A. P., and D. B. Lowrie. 1983. Extracellular
release of lydro~ pero~de l~y human alveolar macro
phages. The relationship to cigarette smoking and
lower respiratory tract infections. Clir~ Sci 65:661 664.
Griffin, M., J. W. Weiss, A. G. Leitch, E. R. McFadden,
Jr., E. J. Corey, K F. Austen, and J. M. Drazen.
1983. Effects of leukotriene D on the airways in
asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 308:436 - 439.
Griffith, W. C., R. C. Cuddihy, B. B. Boecker, R. A.
Guilmette, M. A. Medinsly, and J. A. Mewhinney.
1983. Comparison of solubility of aerosols in lungs
of Laboratory ar~naK Health Phy~ 45:233. (Abstract.)
Groopman, J. D., P. R. Donahue, J. Q. Zhu, J. S. Chen,
and G. N. Wogan. 1985. Aflatoxin metabolism in
humans: Detection of metabolites and nucleic acid
adductS-in urine by affinity chromatography. Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:6492 - 6496.
Groopman, J. D., B. D. Roebuck, and T. W. Kensler.
1987. Application of monoclonal antibodies and cfieta~y
antioxidant-based animal models to define human
exposure to aBatoxin B~. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res.
31:52 - 62.
Gross, M. L., J. O. Lay, Jr., P. A. Lyon, D. Lippstreu,
N. Kansas, R. L. Harless, S. E. Taylor, and A. E.
Dupay, Jr. 1984. 2,3,7,8,-Tetrachlorod~benzo-~di~n
levels in adipose tisme of Vietnam veterans. Em~ron.
Res. 33:261 - 268.
Grover, M., R A. Slutiky, C. B. E~ and R Sha~ai
1983. ~avasallarlungwaterinpatientswithconges-
tive heart failure. Radiology 147:659 - 662.
Gupta,R.C. 1987. 32p-Postlabeling assay to measure
carcinogen-DNA adducts. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res.
31:21 - 32.
Hadfield, E. H., and R. G. MacBeth. 1971. Adenocar-
cinoma of ethmoids in furniture workers. Ann. Otol.
Rhinol. I=gngol. 80:699 - 703.
Halpern, M., S. J. Williamson, D. M. Spektor, R. B.
Schlesinger, and M. Lippmann. 1981. Remanent
magnetic fields for measuring particle retention and
distribution in the lung. Exp. Lung Res. 2:27 - 35.
Hance, A. J., S. Douches, R J. Winchester, V. J. Ferrans,
and R G. CrystaL 1985. Charactenzation of mononu-
clear phagocyte subpopulations in the human lung
by using monoclonal antibodies: Changes in alveolar
macrophage phenotype associated with pulmonaIy
sarcoidosis. J. Immunol. 134:284 292.
Hanifin, J. M., W. L. Epstein, and M. J. Cline. 1970.
In vitro studies of granulomatous hypersensitivity to
be~yllium. J. Invest. Dermatol. 55:284 288.
Hankinson, J. L., E. D. Palmes, and N. L. Lapp. 1979.
Pulmona~y airspace size in coal miners. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 119:391 - 397.
Hansen, J. E. 1982. Exercise testing, pp. 259 - 279. In
J. L. Clausen, Ed PulmonatyFunctionTe~fingGuide-
lines and Controversies: Equipment, Methods, and
Normal Values. New York: Academic Press.
OCR for page 147
REFERENCES
Hargreave, F. E., and A. J. Woolcock, Eds. 1985. Airway
Responsiveness: Measurement and Interpretation.
Mississauga: Astra Pha~.~aceuticals Canada.
Hargreave, F. E., J. Dolovich, and L. P. Boulet. 1983.
Inhalation provocation tests. Semin. Respir. Med.
4:224 - 236.
Hargreave, F. E., P. M. O'Byrne, and E. H. Ramsdale.
1985. Mediators, airway responsiveness, and asthma.
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 76~2 Pt. 2~:272 - 276.
Harper, E. 1980. Collageneases. Annul Rev. Biochem.
49:1063 - 1078.
Harris, C. C., A. Weston, J. C. Willey, G. E. Trivers,
and D. L. Mann. 1987. Biochemical and molecular
epidemiology of human cancer: Indicators of car-
c~nogen exposure, DNA damage, and genetic predispo
sition. Environ. Health Perspect. 75:109 - 119.
Harris, P., and D. Heath. 1986. The Human Pulmonary
Circulation: Its Form and Function in Health and
Disease, 3rd ed. New York: ChurchillLivingstone.
702 pp.
Hatch, G. E., H. Koren, R. Slade, K. Crissman, and J.
Norwood. 1987. Effect of acute ozone (O3) exposure
on human and rat ravage fluid biochemistry. Toxicolo-
gist 7:10.
Hatton, D. V., C. S. Leach, A. E. Nicogossian, and N.
di Ferrante. 1977. Collagen breakdown and nitrogen
dioxide inhalation. Arch. Environ. Health32:33 - 36.
Haugen, A., G. Becher, C. Benestad, K. Vahakangas,
G. E. Trivers, M. J. Newman, and C. C. Harris.
1986. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocar-
bons in the urine, benzo~a~pyrene diol epoxide-DNA
adducts in lymphocyte DNA, and antibodies to the
adducts in sera from coke oven workers exposed to
measured amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
in the work atmosphere. Cancer Res.46:4178 - 4183.
Havill, A. M., and M. H. Gee. 1984. Role of interstitium
in clearance of alveolar fluid in normal and injured
lungs. J. Appl. Physiol. 57:1 - 6.
Heath, D., and J. E. Edwards. 1958. The pathology
of hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease: A descrip-
tion of six grades of structural changes in the pul-
monary arteries with special reference to cogenital
cardiac septal defects. Circulation 18:533 - 547.
Hedlund, L. W., P. Vock, E. L. Effman, M. M. Lischko,
and C. E. Putman. 1984. Hydrostatic pulmonary
edema: An analysis of lung density changes by com-
puted-tomography. Invest. Radiol. 19:254 - 262.
Hedlund, L. W., P. Vock, E. L. Effman, and C. E. Put-
man. 1985. Morphology of oleic acid-induced lung
injury. Invest. Radiol. 20:2 - 8.
Heinrich, U., H. Muhle, S. Takenaka, H. Ernst, R. Fuhst,
U. Mohr, F. Pott, and W. Stober. 1986. Chronic
effects on the respiratory tract of hamsters, mice and
rats after longterm inhalation of high concentrations
of filtered and unfiltered diesel engine emissions.
J. Appl. Toxicol. 6:393 - 395.
Henderson, R. F. 1984. Use of bronchoalveolar ravage
to detect lung damage. Environ. Health Perspect.
56:115 - 129.
147
Henderson, R. F. 1988a. Use of bronchoalveolar ravage
to detect lung damage, pp.239 - 268. In D. E. Gardner,
J. D. Crapo, and E. J. Massaro, Eds. Toxicology of
the Lung. Target Organ Toxicology Series. New
York: Raven Press.
Henderson, R. F. 1988b. Bronchoalveolarlavage: A
tool for assessing the health status of the lung. In
R O. McClelland and R F. Hende~ Eds Conc~pts
in Inhalation Toxicology. Washington, D.C.: Hemi-
sphere.
Henderson, R. F., A. H. Rebar, J. A. Pickrell, and G.
J. Newton. 1979a. Early damage indicators in the
lung. III. Biochemical and cytological response of
the lung to inhaled metal salts. Toxicol. Appl. Phar-
macol. 50:123 - 136.
Henderson, R. F., A. H. Rebar, and D. B. DeNicola.
1979b. Early damage indicators in the lungs. IV.
Biochemical and cytological response of the lung to
inhaled metal salts. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
51:129 - 135.
Henderson, R. F., J. M. Benson, F. F. Hahn, C. H. Hobbs,
R. K. Jones, J. L. Mauderly, R. O. McClellan, and
J. A. Pickrell. 1985a. New approaches for the evalua-
tion of pulmonary toxicity: Bronchoalveolar ravage
fluid analysis. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 5:451 - 458.
Henderson, R. F., C. H. Hobbs, F. F. Hahn, J. M. Benson,
J. A. Pickrell, and S. A. Silbaugh. 1985b. A com-
parison of in vitm and in vivo toxicity of mineral
dusts, pp. 521 - 527. In E. G. Beck and J. Bignon,
Eds. In ~tro Effects of Mineral Dusts. Berlin:
Springer-Verlag.
Henderson, R. F., J. L. Mauderly, J. A. Pickrell, F. F.
Hahn, H. Muhle, and A. H. Rebar. 1987. Compara-
tive study of bronchoalveolar ravage fluid: Effect
of species. Exp. Lung Res. 13:329 - 342.
Henderson, R. F., J. A. Pickrell, R. K. Jones, J. D. Sun,
J. M. Benson, J. L. Mauderly, and R. O. McClellan.
1988. Response of rodents to inhaled diluted diesel
exhaust: Biochemical and cytological changes in
bronchoaleveolar ravage fluid and in lung tissue.
Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 11:546 - 567.
Henderson, Y., and H. W. Haggard. 1943. Noxious
Gases and the Principles of Respiration Influencing
their action. New York: Reinhold. 294 pp.
Henson, P. M. 1972. Pathologic mechanisms in neutro-
phil-mediated injury. Am. J. Pathol. 68:593 - 612.
Henson, P. M., K. McCarthy, G. L. Larsen, R. O. Web-
ster, P. C. Giclas, R. B. Dreisin, T. E. King, and J.
O. Shawl 1979. Complement fragments, alveolar
macrophages, and alveolitis. Am. J. Pathol. 97:93 - 110.
Heyder, J. 1983. Charting human thoracic airways by
aerosols. Clin. Phys. Physiol. Meas. 4:29 - 37.
Hislop, A., and L. Reid. 1973. Fetal and childhood
development of the intrapulmona~y veins in man:
Branching pauern and structure. Thorax 28 313 319.
Hnatowich, D. J., W. W. Layne, and R. L. Childs. 1982.
The preparation and labeling of DTPA-coupled al-
bumin. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 33:327 - 332.
Hockin~ W. G., and D. W. Golde. 1979. The pulmona~y
OCR for page 156
156
Hunninghake. 1985. Stimulated human alveolar
macrophages secrete interferon. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 131:714 - 718.
O'Byrne, P. M. 1986. Airway inflammation and airway
hyperresponsiveness. Chest 90:575 - 577.
O'Byrne, P. M., M. Dolovich, R. Dirks, R. S. Roberts,
andM.T. Newhouse. 1984. Lung epithelialpe~mea-
bility: Relation to nonspecific airway responsiveness.
J. Appl. Physiol. 57:77 - 84.
Oberdorster, G., and A. P. Freedman. 1981. Lung
clearance measurements in rats using magnetopneumo-
graphy, pp. 19 - 24. In W. Stober, and D. Hochrainer,
Eds. Aerosols in Science, Medicine and Technology,
Vol. 9. Schmallenberg, F.R.G.: Gesellschaft fur
Aerosolforschung.
Oberdorster, G., M. J. Utell, P. E. Morrow, R. W. Hyde,
and D. A. Weber. 1986. Bronchial and alveolar
absorption of inhaled 99mrc-DTPA. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 134:944 - 950.
Ogilvie, C. M., R. E. Forster, W. S. Blakemore, and J.
W. Morton. 1957. A standardized breath holding
technique for the clinical measurement of the diffusing
capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. J. Clin.
Invest. 36:1 - 17.
Ogra, P. L., J. C. Cumella, and R. C. Welliver. 1984.
Immune response to viruses, pp. 242 - 263. In J. Bien-
enstock, Ed. Immunology of the Lung and Upper
Respiratory Tract. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Ohyama, S., T. Inamasu, M. Ishizawa, N. Ishinishi, and
K. Matsuura. 1987. Mutagenicity of human urine
after the consumption of fried salted salmon. Food
Chem. Toxicol. 25:147 - 153.
Osterman-Golkar, S., L. Ehrenberg, D. Segerback, and
I. Hallstrom. 1976. Evaluation of genetic risks of
alkylating agents. II. Haemoglobin as a dose monitor.
Mutat. Res. 34:1 - 10.
Osterman-Golkar, S., P. B. Farmer, D. Segerback, E.
Bailey, C. J. Calleman, K Svensson, and L. Ehrenberg.
1983. Dosimetry of ethylene oxide in the rat by quan-
titation of alkylated histidine in hemoglobin. Terato-
genesis Carcinog. Mutagen. 3:395 - 405.
Otis, A. B., C. B. McKerrow, R. A. Bartlett, J. Mead,
M. B. McIlroy, N. J. Selverstone, and E. P. Radford.
1956. Mechanical factors in distnbution of pulmonary
ventilation. J. Appl. Physiol. 8:427 - 443.
Overland, E. S., R. N. Gupta, G. J. Huchon, and J. F.
Murray. 1981. Measurement of pulmonary tissue
volume and blood flow in persons with normal and
edematous lungs. J. Appl. Physiol. 51:1375 - 1383.
Pacht, E. R., H. Kaseki, J. R. Mohammed, D. G. Corn-
well, and W. B. Davis. 1986. Deficiency of vitamin
E in the alveolar fluid of cigarette smokers. Influence
on alveolar macrophage cytotoxicity. J. Clin. Invest.
77:789 - 796.
Palmes, E. D., B. Altshuler, and N. Nelson. 1967. Depo-
sition of aerosols in the human respiratory tract
curing breath holding, pp.339 - 347. In C. N. Davies,
Ed. Inhaled Particles and Vapours II. Oxford:
Pergamon.
REFERENCES
Palmes, E. D., R. M. Goldr~g0 C. S. Wang, and B. Altshu-
ler. 1971. Effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease on rate of deposition of aerosols in the lung
during breath holding, pp.123 130. In W. H. Walton,
Ed. Inhaled Particles III. Surry: Unwin.
Palmes, E. D., C. S. Wang, R. M. Goldring, and B. Altshu-
ler. 1973. Effect of depth of inhalation on aerosol
persistence during breath holding. J. Appl. Physiol.
34:356 - 360.
Paradis, I. L., J. H. Dauber, and B. S. Rabin. 1986.
Lymphocyte phenotypes in bronchoalveolar ravage
and lung tissue in sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:855 - 860.
Patterson, D. G., R. E. Hoffman, L. L. Needham, D.
W. Roberts, J. R. Bagby, J. L. Pirkle, H. Falk, E. J.
Sampson, and V. N. Houk. 1986. 2,3,7,8-Tetra-
chlorodibenzop-diox~n levels in adipose tissue of
exposed and control persons in Missouri: An interim
report. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 256:2683 - 2686.
Patton, S. E., L. B. Gilmore, A. M. Jetten, P. Nettesheim,
and G. E. Hook. 1986. Biosynthesis and release of
proteins by isolated pulmonaIy aara cells. Exp. Lung
Res. 11:277 - 294.
Penn, I. 1978. Development of cancer in transplantation
patients. Adv. Surg. 12:155 - 191.
Pepys, J., and B. J. Hutchcroft. 1975. Bronchial provoca-
tion tests in etiologic diagnosis and analysis of asthma.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 112:829 - 859.
Pereira, M. A., and L. W. Chang. 1981. Binding of
chemical carcinogens and mutagens to rat hemoglobin.
Chem.-Biol. Interact. 33:301 - 305.
Pereira, M. A., F. J. Burns, and R. E. Albert. 1979.
Dose response for benzo~a~pyrene adducts in mouse
epidermal DNA. Cancer Res. 39:2556 - 2559.
Perera, F. P., and I. B. Weinstein. 1982. Molecular
epidemiology and carcinogen-DNA adduct detecdon:
New approaches to studies of human cancer causation.
J. Chronic Dis. 35:581 - 600.
Perez, H. D. 1984. Biologically active complement
(C5~-derivedpeptides and their relevance to disease.
CRC Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 1:199 - 225.
Perkett, E. A., K. L. Brigham, and B. Meyrick. 1988.
Granulocyte depletion (PMN) attenuates chronic
pulmonary hypertension following pulmonary air
embolization. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Bio. J. 2:A1579.
(Abstract.)
Peslin, R., and J. J. Fredberg. 1986. Oscillation mecha-
nics of the respiratory system, pp. 145 - 177. In P.
T. Macldem and J. Mead, Eds. Handbook of Physiol-
o$y, Section 3: The Respiratory System. Volume
III. Mechanics of Breathing, Part 1. Bethesda, Md.:
American Physiological Society.
Peslin, R., C. Gallina, and C. DuvMer. 1986. Respiratory
transfer impedances with pressure input at the mouth
and chest. J. Appl. Physiol. 61:81 - 86.
Peterson, B. T., and L. D. Gray. 1987. Pulmonary lym-
phatic clearance of 99mTc-DTPA from the air spaces
during lung inflation and lung inju~y. J. Appl. Physiol.
63:1136 - 1141.
OCR for page 157
REFERENCES
Peterson, B. T., H. L. James, and J. W. McLarty. 1986.
Effects of lung volume on the compartmental analysis
of alveolar solute clearance in sheep. Physiologist
29:172. (Abstract.)
Peterson, B. T., H. L. James, and J. W. McLarty. 1988.
Effects of lung volume on clearance of solutes from
the air spaces of lungs. J. Appl. Physiol.64:1068 1075.
Peterson, B. T., J. D. Dickerson, H. L. James, E. J. Miller,
J. W. McCarty, and D. B. Holiday. 1989. Comparison
of three tracers for detecting lung epithelial injury
in anesthetized sheep. J. Appl. Physiol.66:2374 - 2383.
Peto, R., F. E. Speizer, A. L. Cochrane, F. Moore, C.
M. Fletcher, C. M. Tinker, I. T. T. Higgins, R. G.
Gray, S. M. Richards, J. Gilliland, and B.
Norman-Smith. 1983. The relevance in adults of
air-flow obstruction, but not of mucus hypersecretion,
to mortality from chronic lung disease. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 128:491 - 500.
Petty, T. L., G. W. Silvers, R. E. Stanford, M. D. Baird,
and R. S. Mitchell. 1980. Small airway pathology
is related to increased closing capacity and abnormal
slope of phase III in excised human lungs. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 121:449 - 456.
Phalen, R. F., R. C. Mannix, and R. T. Drew. 1984.
Inhalation exposure methodology. Environ. Health
Perspect. 56:23 - 34.
Pickrell, J. A. 1981. Collagen degradation, pp. 61 - 70.
In Lung Connective Tissue: Location, Metabolism
and Response to Injury. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC
Press.
Pickrell, J. A., R. E. Gregory, D. J. Cole, F. F. Hahn,
and R. F. Henderson. 1987. Effect of acute ozone
exposure on the proteinase-antiproteinase balance
in the rat lung. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 46:168 179.
Pinkston, P., P. B. Bitterman, and R. G. Crystal. 1983.
Spontaneous release of interleukin-2 by lung T lym-
phocytes in active pulmonary sarcoidosis. N. Engl.
J. Med. 308:793 - 800.
Pinkston, P., P. Bitterman, A. Hance, S. Douches, S.
Goodman, and R. Crystal. 1984. In vivo demonstra-
tion of the importance of interleukin-2 in the prolifera-
tion of human T-lymphocytes. Clin. Res. 32:355A.
(Abstract.)
Pirastu, M., Y. W. Kan, A. Cao, B. J. Conner, R. L.
Teplitz, and R. B. Wallace. 1983. Prenatal diagnosis
of beta-thalassemia: Detection of a single nucleotide
mutation in DNA. N. Engl. J. Med. 309:2~287.
Pistolesi, M., and C. Guintini. 1978. Assessment of
extravascular lung water. Radiol. Clin. North Am.
16:551 - 574.
Poirier, M. C., and F. A. Beland. 1987a. Determination
of carcinogen-induced macromolecular adducts in
animals and humans. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res.31:1 - 10.
Poirier, M. C., and F. A. Beland, Eds. 1987b. Carcino-
genesis and Adducts in Animals and Humans. Pro-
ceedings of the Workshop on Carcinogenesis and
Adducts in Humans and Animals, Cambridge, Mass.,
Feb.25, 1986. Progress in Experimental Tumor Re-
search, Vol. 31. Basel: Karger. 117 pp.
157
Poirier, M. C., E. Reed, R. F. Ozols, T. Fasy, and S.
H. Yuspa. 1987. DNA adducts of cisplatin in nu-
cleated peripheral blood cells and tissues of cancer
patients. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. 31:104 - 113.
Powell, K. R., R. Shorr, J. D. Cherry, and J. O. Hendley.
1977. Impraved method for collection of naca1 mucus.
J. Infect. Dis. 136:109 - 111.
Prochownik, E. V., S. Antonarakis, K A. Bauer, R. D.
Rosenberg, E. R. Fearon, and S. H. Orkin. 1983.
Molecular heterogeneity of inherited antithrombin
III deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 308:1549 - 1552.
Proctor, D. F. 1979. Tests of anway defense mechani~ns,
pp.227 - 241. InP. E.Macklem andS. Permutt, Eds.
The Lung in the Transition Between Health and
Disease. Lung Biology in Health and Disease, Vol.
12. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Proctor, D. F. 1982. The upper airway, pp. 23 - 44. In
D. F. Proctor and I. Andersen, Eds. The Nose: Upper
Akway Physiology and the Atmospheric Environment.
New York: Elsevier.
Proctor, D. F., I. B. Andersen, and G. LundcIvist. 1977.
Nasal mucociliary function in humans, pp.427 - 452.
In J. D. Brain, D. F. Proctor and L. M. Reid, Eds.
Respiratory Defense Mechanisms, Part 1. Lung Biol-
og;y in Health and Disease, Vol. 5, Pt. 1. New York:
Marcel Dekker.
Puchelle, E., F. Aug. J. M. Zahm, and A. B~and. 1982
Comparison of nasal and bronchial mucocilia~y clear-
ance in young non-smokers. Clin. Sci. 62:13 - 16.
Quinlan, M. F., S. D. Salman, D. L. Swift, H. N. Wagner,
Jr., and D. F. Proctor. 1969. Measurement of mucoc0-
iasy function in man. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.99:13 ~.
Rabinovitch, M., W. J. Gamble, O. S. Miettinen, and
L. Reid. 1979. Age and sex influence on pulmonary
hypertension of chronic hypoxia and on recovery.
Am. J. Physiol. 240:H62-H72.
Rabinovitch, M., J. F. Keane, K. E. Fellows, A. R. Ca~
taneda, and L. Reid. 1981. Quantitative analysis
of the pulmonary wedge an~ogram in congenital heart
defects. Correlation with hemodynamic data and
morphometric findin{~ in lung biopsy tissue. Circula-
tion 63:152 - 164.
Rabinovitch, M., J. F. Kean, W. I. Norwood, A. R. Ca~
taneda, and L. Reid. 1984. Vascular structure in
lung tissue obtained at biopsy correlated with pul-
monary hemo~ynamic findin~ after repair of congeni-
tal heart defects. Circulation 69:655 - 657.
Ramanna, L., D. P. Tashkin, G. V. Taplin, D. Elam,
R. Detels, A. Coulson, and S. N. Rokaw. 1975.
Radioaerosol lung imaging in chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease: Comparison with pulmonary
function tests and roentgenography. Chest 68:~640.
Ramsey, J. C., and M. E. Andersen. 1984. Aphysiologi-
callybased description of theinhalationpharmacokine-
tics of styrene in rats and humans. Toxicol. Appl.
Pharmacol. 73:159 - 175.
Ramsey, J. C., J. D. Young, R. Karbowski, M. B. Cheno-
weth, L. P. McCarty, and W. H. Braun. 1980. Phar-
macokinetics of ir~haled styrene in human volunteers.
OCR for page 158
158
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 53:54 - 63.
Randerath, K, E. Randerath, H. P. Agrawal, R. C. Gupta,
M. E. Schurdak and M. V. Reddy. 1985. Postlabelir~g
methods of carcinogen-DNA adduct analysis. Environ.
Health Perspect. 62:57 - 65.
Ranga, V., J. Kleinerman, M. P. C. Ip, and A. M. Collins.
1980. The effect of nitrogen dioxide on tracheal uptake
and transport of horseradish peroxidase in the guinea
pig. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 122:483 - 490.
Rankin, J. A., P. E. Synder, E. N. Schachter, and R. A.
Matthay. 1984. Bronchoalveolarlavage: Its safety
in subjects with mild asthma. Chest 85:723 - 728.
Rao, A., S. B. Mizel, and H. Cantor. 1983. Disparate
functional properties of two interleukin 1-responsive
Ly-1 +2-T cell clones: Distinction of T cell growth
factor and T cell-replacing factor activities. J. Im-
munol. 130:1743 - 1748.
Razin, A., and A. D. Riggs. 1980. DNA methylation
and gene function. Science 210:604 - 610.
Rearick, J., and A. M. Jetten. 1986. Accumulation of
cholesterol 3-sulfate during in vitn' squamous differen-
tiation of rabbit tracheal epithelial cells and its regula-
tion by retinoids. J. Biol. Chem. 261:13898 - 13904.
Rearick J. I., M. Deas, and A. M. Jetten. 1987. Synthesis
of mucous glycoproteins by rabbit tracheal cells in
vitn': Modulation by substratum, retinoids and cyclic
AMP. Biochem. J. 242:19 - 25.
Reasor, M. J., D. Nadeau, and G. E. R. Hook. 1978.
Extracellular alkaline phosphatase in the airways of
the rabbit lung. Lung 155:321 - 325.
Reddy, E. P., R. K Reynolds, E. Santos, and M. Barbacid.
1982. A point mutation is responsible for the acquisi-
tion of transforming properties by the T24 bladder
carcinoma oncogene. Nature 300:149 - 152.
Regal, J. F. 1988. Role of arachidonate metabolites
in CSa-induced bronchoconstriction. J. Pharmacol.
Exp. Ther. 246:542 - 547.
Reid, K. B., and E. Solomon. 1977. Biosynthesis of the
first component of complement by human fibroblasts.
Biochem. J. 167:647 - 660.
Reid, L. M. 1979. The pulmonary circulation: Remodel-
ing in growth and disease. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
119:531 - 546.
Reitz, R. H., T. R. Fox, and P. G. Watanabe. 1986.
The role of pharmacokinetics in risk assessment. Basic
Life Sci. 38:499 - 507.
Remington, J. S., K. L. Vosti, A. Lietze, et al. 1964.
Serum proteins and antibody activity in human nasal
secretions. J. Clin. Invest. 43:1613 - 1624.
Rennard, S. I., and R. G. Crystal. 1982. Fibronectin
in human bronchopulmonary ravage fluid. Elevation
in patients with interstitial lung disease. J. Clin. Invest.
69:113 - 22.
Rennard, S. I., G. Basset, D. Lecossier, K M. O'Donnell,
P. Pinkston, P. G. Martin, and R. G. Crystal. 1986.
Estimation of absolute volume of epithelial lining
fluid recovered by ravage using urea as a marker of
dilution. J. Appl. Physiol. 60:532 - 538.
Reynolds, H. Y. 1979. Lung host defenses: A status
REFERENCES
report. Chest 75(Suppl. 2~:239 - 242.
Reynolds, H. Y. 1987. Bronchoalveolar ravage. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 135:250 - 263.
Reynolds, H. Y., and W. W. Merrill. 1981. Pulmonary
immunology: Humoral and cellular immune re-
sponsiveness of the respiratory tract, pp. 381 - 422.
In D. H. Simmons, Ed. Current Pulmonology, Vol.
3. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Reynolds, H. Y., and H. H. Newball. 1974. Analysis
of proteins and respiratory cells obtained from human
lungs by bronchial ravage. J. Lab. Clin. Med.
84:559 - 573.
Reynolds, H. Y., J. A. Ka~ erow~, and H. H. Newball.
1975. Specif~city of opsonic antibodies to enhance
phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aen~g`nosa by human
alveolar macrophages. J. Clin. Invest. 56:376 - 385.
Reynolds, H. Y., J. D. Fulmer, J. A. Kazmierowski, W.
C. Roberts, M. M. Frank, and R. G. Crystal. 1977.
Analysis of cellular and protein content of broncho-al-
veolar ravage fluid from patients with idiopathic pul-
monary fibrosis and chronic hyp~sensitivity pneumoni-
tis. J. Clin. Invest. 59:165 - 175.
Rhodes, C. G., P. Wollmer, F. Fazio, and T. Jones. 1981.
Quantitative measurement of regional extravascular
lung density using positron emission and transmission
tomography. J. Comput.Assist.Tomogr.5:783 - 791.
Richter, A. M., R. T. Abboud, and S. S. Johal. 1986.
Methylene blue decreases the functional activity of
alpha-l-pro/ease inhibitor in bronchoalveolar ravage.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 134:326 - 327.
Rinderknecht, J., L. Shapiro, M. Krauthammer, G. Taplin,
K. Wasserman, J. M. Uszler, and R. M. Effros. 1980.
Accelerated clearance of small solutes from the lungs
in interstitial lung disease. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
121:105 - 117.
Rikk, N. W., J. M. Luce, J. M. Hoeffel, D. C. Price, and
J. F. Murray. 1984. Site of deposition and factors
affecting clearance of aerosolized solute from canine
lungs. J. Appl. Physiol. 56:723 - 729.
Robbins, R. A., J. E. Gadek, and R. G. Crystal. 1981.
Potential role of the complement system in propagating
the alveolitis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 123~4 Pt. 2~:50. (Abstract.)
Roberts, J. A., I. W. Rodger, and N. C. Thomson. 1985.
AiMray responsiveness to histamine in men: Effect
of atropine on invivo and in vitro compaIison. Thorax
40:261 - 267.
Robertson, J., J. R. Caldwell, J. R. Castle, and R. H.
Waldman. 1976. Evidence for the presence of com-
ponents of the alternative (properdin) pathway ol
complement activation in respiratory secretions. J.
Immunol. 117:900 903.
Robins, R. A., J. E. Gadek, S. I. Rennard, Y. F. Chen,
and R. G. Crystal. 1982. Compartmentalization of
the complement system: The normal lung is C5 "de-
ficient." Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 125:53. (Abstract.)
Robinson, B. W., T. L. McLemore, and R. G. Crystal.
1985. Gamma interferon is spontaneously released
by alveolar macrophages and lung T lymphocytes in
OCR for page 159
REFERENCES
patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. J. Clin. Invest.
75:1488 - 1495.
Robinson, S. E., and A. P. Freedman. 1979. Direct
magnetopneumographic measurement of particle
concentrations and clearance in the lung, pp.183 - 188.
In Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Fron-
tiers of Engineering in Health Care. New York:
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Rodarte, J. R., and K. Rehder. 1986. Dynamics of
respiration, pp. 131 - 144. In P. T. Macklem and J.
Mead, Eds. Handbook of Physiology, Section 3: The
Respiratory System. Volume III. Mechanics of
Breathing,Partl. Bethesda,Md.: AmericanPhysio-
logical Society.
Rog~i, V. L., and A. R. Brody. 1984. Changes in num-
bers and dimensions of chrysotile asbestos fibers
in lungs of rats following short-term exposure. Exp.
Lung Res. 7:133 - 147.
Roggli, V. L., C. A. Piantadosi, and D. Y. Bell. 1986.
Asbestos bodies in bronchoalveolar ravage fluid: A
study of 20 asbestos-exposed individuals and com-
parison to patients with other chronic interstitial lung
diseases. Acta Cytol. 30:470 - 476.
Rogg i, V. L., M. George, and A. R. Brody. 1987. Clear-
ance and dimensional changes of crocidolite asbestos
fibers isolated from lungs of rats following short-term
exposure. Environ. Res. 42:94 - 105.
Rom, W. N., J. E. Lockey, K. M. Bang, C. Dewitt, and
R E. Johns, Jr. 1983. Reversible beryllium sensitiza-
tion in a prospective study of beryllium workers. Arch.
Environ. Health 38:302 - 307.
Roop, D. R., J. L. Nordstrom, S. Y. Tsai, M. J. Tsai,
and B. W. O'Malley. 1978. Transcription of structural
and intervening sequences in the ovalbumin gene and
id~fication of potential avalbumin mRNA precursom
Cell 15:671 - 685.
Rossen, R. D., R. H. Alford, W. T. Butler, and W. E.
Vannier. 1966. The separation and characterization
of proteins intrinsic to nasal secretion. J. Immunol.
97:369-378.
Rossen, R. D., J. A. Kasel, and R. B. Couch. 1971. The
secretory immune system: Its relation to respiratory
viral infection. Prog. Med. Virol. 13:194 - 238.
Rossi, G. A., G. B. Di Negro, E. Balzano, E. Cerri, O.
Sacco, B. Balbi, A. Venturini, R. Ramoino, and C.
Ravazzoni. 1985. Suppression of the alveolitis of
pulmonary sarcoidosis by oral corticosteroids. Lung
163:83 - 93.
Rossman, C. M., R. M. K. W. Lee, J. B. Forrest, and
M. T. Newhouse. 1984. Nasal ciliary ultrastructure
and function in patients with prima~y cilia~y dy~inesia
compared with that in normal subjects and in subjects
with various respiratory diseases. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 129:161 - 167.
Rossman, M. D., J. H. Dauber, and R. P. Daniele. 1978.
Identification of activatedT cellsin sarcoidosis. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 117:713 - 720.
Roth, R.A. 1985. Biochemistry, physiology end drug
159
metabolism: Implications regarding the role of the
lungs in drug disposition. Clin. Physiol. Biochem.
3:66 79.
Sabourin, P. J., B. T. Chen, G. Lucier, L. S. Birnbaum,
E. Fisher, and R. F. Henderson. 1987a. Effect of
dose on the absorption and excretion of [~4C]benzene
administered orally or by inhalation in rats and mice.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 87:325 - 336.
Sabourin, P. J., W. Bechtold, L. Birnbaum, G. Lucier,
and R. Henderson. 1987b. Water-soluble benzene
metabolites in F344/N rats and B6C3F' mice during
and following 3H-benzene inhalation. Toxicolog~st
7:232.
Sabourin, P. J., W. E. Bechtold, L. S. Birnbaum, G.
Lucier, and R. F. Henderson. 1988. Differences in
the metabolism and disposition of inhaled [3H]benzene
by F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol. Appl.
Pharmacol. 94:128 - 140.
Sackner, SI. A., A. Wanner, and J. Landa. 1972. Applica-
tions of bronchofiberosoopy. Chest 62(SuppL):S7~S78.
Sackner, M. A., M. J. Rosen, and A. Wanner. 1973.
Eshmation of tracheal mucous velocky by bronchofiber-
scopy. J. Appl. Physiol. 34:495 - 499.
Sackner, M. A., D. Ford, R. Fernandez, J. Cipley, D.
Perez, M. Kwoka, M. Reinhart, E. D. Michaelson,
R. Schreck, and A. Wanner. 1978. Effects of sulfuric
acid aerosol on cardiopulmonary function of dogs,
sheep, and humans. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
118:497 - 510.
Said, S. I. 1982. Pulmonary metabolism of prostaglandins
and vasoactive peptides. Annul Rev. Physiol.
44:257 - 268.
Saksella, K., J. Bergh, V. P. Lehto, K. Nilsson, and K.
Alitalo. 1985. Amplif~cation of the c~nyc oncogene
in a subpopulation of human small cell lung cancer.
Cancer Res. 45:1823 - 1827.
Saltini, C., A. J. Hance, V. J. Ferrans, F. Basset, P. B.
Bitterman, and R. G. Crystal. 1984. Accurate quan-
tification of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar
ravage. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 130:650 - 658.
Saltini, C., J. R. Spurzem, J. J. Lee, P. Pinkston, and
R. G. Crystal. 1986. Spontaneous release of inter-
leukin 2 by lung T-lymphocytes in active pulmonary
sarcoidosis is primarily from the Leu3+DR~ T cell
subset. J. Clin. Invest. 77:1962 - 1970.
Samet, J. M. 1978. A historical and epidemiologic per-
spective on respiratory symptoms questionnaires.
Am. J. Epidemiol. 108:435 - 446.
Samet, J. M., I. B. Tager, and F. E. Speizer. 1983. The
relationship between respiratory illness in childhood
and chronic air-flow obstruction in adulthood. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 127:508 - 523.
Sanchis, J., M. Dolovich, R. Chalmers, and M. Newhouse.
1972. Quantitation of regional aerosol clearance in
the normal human lung. J. Appl. Physiol. 33:757 - 762.
Santa Cruz, R., J. Landa, J. Hirsch, and M. A. Sackner.
1974. Tracheal mucous velocity in normal man and
patients with obstructive lung disease: Effects of
terbutaline. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 109:458 - 463.
OCR for page 160
160
Santella, R. M., F. Gasparo, and L. L. Hsieh. 1987.
Quantitation of carcinogen-DNA adducts with mono-
clonal antibodies. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res.31:63 - 75.
Santos, E., D. Martin-Zanca, E. P. Reddy, M. A. Pierotti
G. Della Porta, and M. Barbacid. 1984. Malignant
activation of a K-ras oncogene in lung carcinoma but
not in normal tissue of the same patient. Science
223:661 - 664.
Sasame, H. A., and M. R. Boyd. 1979. Superoxide and
hydrogen peroxide production and NADPH oxidation
stimulated by nitrofurantoin in lung microsomes:
Possible implications for toxicity. Life Sci.
24:1091 - 1096.
Schecter, A., T. Tiernan, F. Schaffner, M. Taylor, G.
Gitlitz, G. F. VanNess, J. H. Garrett, and D. J. Wagel.
1985. Patient fat biopsies for chemical analysis and
liver biopsies for ultrastructural characterization after
exposure to polychlorinated dioxins, furans, and PCBs.
Environ. Health Perspect. 60:241-254.
Schleimer, R. P., D. W. MacGlashan, Jr., S. P. Peters,
N. Naclerio, D. Proud, N. F. Adkinson, Jr., and L.
M. Lichtenstein. 1984. Inflammatory mediators and
mechanisms of release from purif~ed human basophils
and mast cells. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 74:473081.
Schlesinger, R. B. 1989. Deposition and clearance of
inhaled particles, pp. 163 - 192. In R. O. McClellan
and R. F. Henderson, Eds. Concepts in Inhalation
Toxicology. Washington, D.C.: Hemisphere.
Schles nger, R. B., and K E. Driscoll. 1988. Respiratory
tract defense mechanisms and their interaction with
air pollutants, pp. 37 - 72. In M. A. Hollinger, Ed.
Focus on Pulmonary Pharmacology and Toxicology.
Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.
Schlesinger, R B., M. Lippmann, and R. E. Albert. 1978.
Effects of short-term exposures to sulfuric acid and
ammonium sulfate aerosols upon bronchial airway
function in the donkey. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.
39:275 - 286.
Schlesinger, R. B., M. Halpern, R. E. Albert, and M.
Lippmann. 1979. Effect of chronic inhalation of
sulfuric acid mist upon mucociliary clearance from
the lungs of donkeys. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol.
2:1351 - 1367.
Schlesinger, R. B., M. Halpern, and M. Lippmann. 1982.
Long~term clearance of inhaled magnetite and poly-
styrene latex from the lung: A comparison. Health
Phys. 42:68 - 73.
Schlesinger, R. B., B. Naumann, and L. C. Chen. 1983.
Physiological and histological alterations in the bron-
chial mucodliary clearance system of rabbits following
intermittent oral or nasal inhalation of sulfuric acid
mist. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 12:441 - 465.
Schlesinger, R. B., T. A. Vollmuth, B. D. Naumann, and
K. E. Driscoll. 1986. Measurement of particle clear-
ance from the alveolar region of the rabbit respiratory
tract. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 7:25~263.
Schmidt, J. A., S. B. Mizel, D. Cohen, and I. Green.
1982. Interleulcin 1, a potential regulator of fibroblast
proliferation. J. Immunol. 128:2177 - 2182.
REFERENCES
Schober, O., G. J. Meyer, C. Bossaller, P. Lobenhoffer,
B. Knoop, S. Muller, H. Creutz g, J. Sturm, P. Lichtlen,
and H. Hundeshagen. 1983. Quantitative measure-
ments of regional extravascular lung water in dogs
using positron emission tomography. ROEFO
139:117 - 126. (In German.)
Schulman, E. S. 1986. The role of mast cell derived
mediators in airway hyper-responsiveness. Chest
90:578 - 583.
Schulman E. S., and C. L. Anderson. 1985. Lung hyper-
sensitivity responses: Dissociation of human lung
mast cell leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from histamine re-
lease. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 199:209 - 220.
Schulman, E., M. Liu, D. Proud, D. Macglashan, Jr.,
L. Lichtenstein, end M. Plaut. 1985. Human lung
macrophages induce histamine release from basophils
and mast cells. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 131:230 - 235.
Schuster, D. P., M. A. Mintun, M. A. Green, and M.
M. Ter-Pogossian. 1985. Regional lung water and
hematocrit determined by positron emission tomo-
graphy. J. Appl. Physiol. 59:860868.
Schuster, D. P., G. F. Marklin, end M. A. Mintun. 1986.
Regional changes in ~avas~lar lung water detected
by positron emission tomography. J. Appl. Physiol.
60:11701178.
Schuyler, M. R. T. P. ll~n, and J. E. Sah~io. 1978.
Lom1 pulmonary immunity in pigeon breeder's disease:
A case stud~r. Ann. Intern. Med. 88:355 - 358.
Schwartz, L. B., and K. F. Austen. 1984. Structure and
function of the chemical mediators of mast cells.
Prog. Allergy 34:271 - 321.
Schwartz, L. B., M. S. Kawahara, T. E. Hugli, D. Vik,
D. T. Fearon, and K. F. Austen. 1983. Generation
of C3a anaph~rlato'an from human C3 l~y human mast
cell tryptase. J. Immunol. 130:1891 - 1895.
Seaton, A. 1983. Coal and the lung. Thorax 38:241 - 243.
Sega, G. A., R. P. Valdivia Alcota, C. P. Tanconge, and
P. A. Brimer. In press. Acrylamide binding to the
DNA and protamine of spermigenic stages in the
mouse and its relationship to genetic damage. Mutat
Res.
Segerback D. 1983. Alkylation of DNA and hemoglobin
in the mouse following eyposure to ethene and ethene
oxide. Chem. Biol. Interact. 45:139 - 151.
Seldcoff, I. J., and E. C. Hammond. 1978. Asbestos-asso
ciated disease in United States shipyards. CA
28:87 - 99.
Seltzer, J., B. G. Bigby, M. Stulbarg, M. J. Holtzman,
J. A. Nadel, I. F. Ueki, G. D. Leikauf, E. J. Goetzl,
and H. A. Boushey. 1986. O3-induced change in
bronchial reac~vity to methacholine and anw~r inflam-
mation in humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 60:1321 - 1326.
Semenzato, G., A. Pezzutto, M. Chilosi, and G. Pizzolo.
1982. Redistnbution of T lymphocytes in the lymph
nodes of patients with sarcoidosis. N. Engl. J. Med.
306:48 - 49.
Sharma, R. P., Ed. 1981. Immunologic Considerations
in toxicology. BocaRaton,Fla.: CRC Press. 2vols.
Sheppard,D. 1986a Mechanisms ofbronchoconstriction
OCR for page 161
REFERENCES
from nonimmunologic environmental stimuli. Chest
90:584 - 587.
Sheppard, D. 1986b. Significance of anway hyperrespon-
siveness to occupational and environmental lung
disorders. Semin. Respir. Med. 7:241 - 248.
Sheppard, D., W. S. Wong, C. F. Uehara, J. A. Nadel,
and H. A. Boushey. 1980. Lower threshold and
greater bronchomotor responsiveness of asthmatic
subjects to sulfur dioxide. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
122:873 - 878.
She, F., S. Kudoh, A. Shibuya, K Sada, and R. Mikami.
1981. Crackles in asbestos workers: Auscultation
and lung sound analysis. Br. J. Dis. Chest 75:386 396.
Shu, H., R. E. Talcott, S. A. Rice, and E. T. Wei. 1979.
Lipid peroxidation and paraquat toxicity. Biochem.
Pharmacol. 28:327 - 331.
Shugart, L., and R. Matsunami. 1985. Adduct formation
in hemoglobin of the newborn mouse exposed in utero
to benzotaipyrene. Toxicology 37:241 - 245.
Sibbald, W. J., F. J. Warshawski, A. K. Short, J. Harris,
M. S. Lefcoe, and R. L. Holliday. 1983. Clinical
studies of measuring extravascular lung water by the
thermal dye technique in critically ill patients. Chest
83:725 - 731.
Sietsema, K., R. M. Effros, S. T. Siu, and G. R. Mason.
1986. Solute concentrations of bronchoalveolar fluid.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:A20. (Abstract.)
Simani, A. S., S. Inoue, and J. C. Hogg. 1974. Penetra-
tion of the respiratory epithelium of guinea pigs follow-
ing exposure to cigarette smoke. Lab. Invest.31:75 - 81.
Simenhoff, M. L., J. F. Burke, J. J. Saukkonen, A. Or-
dinar'n and R Dotv. 1977. Biochemical orofile
, _ _ ,
of uremic breath. N. Engl. J. Med. 297:132 - 135.
Sivak, E. D., and H. P. Wiedemann. 1986. Clinical
measurement of extravascular lungwater. Crit. Care
Clinics 2:511 - 526.
Slauson, D. O. 1982. The mediation of pulmonary
inflammatory injury. Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med.
26:99 - 153.
Small, P., D. Barrett, S. Frenkiel, L. Rochon, C. Cohen,
and M. Black. 1985. Measurement of antigen-specific
IgE in nasal secretions of patients with perennial
rhinitis. Ann. Allergy 55:68 - 71.
Smits, H. L., and A. M. Jetten. In press. Molecular
cloning of gene sequences regulated during squamous
differentiation of tracheal epithelial cells and controlled
by retinoids. J. Biol. Chem.
Snider, D. E., Jr. 1982. The tuberculin skin test. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 125:S108-S118.
Snipes, M. B., B. A. Muggenburg, and D. E. Bice. 1983.
Translocation of particles from lung lobes or the
peritoneal cavity to regional lymph nodes in bea~e
dogs. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 11:703 - 712.
Snyder, A., L. Skoza, and Y. Kikkawa. 1983. Compara-
tive removal of ascorbic acid and other airway sub-
stancesby sequentialbronchoalveolar ravages. Lung
161:111 - 121.
Snyderman, R. 1981. Chemotaxis of human and murine
mononuclear phagocytes, pp. 535 - 547. In D. O.
161
Adams, P. J. Edelson, and H. S. Koren, Eds. Methods
for Studying Mononuclear Phagocytes. New York:
Academic Press.
Soter, N. A., R. A. Lewis, E. J. Corey, and K F. Austen.
1983. Local effects of synthetic leukotrienes (LTC4,
LTD4, LTE4, and LTB4) in human skin. J. Invest.
Dermatol. 80:115 - 119.
Speizer, F. E., and I. B. Tager. 1979. Epidemiology
of chronic mucus hypersecretion and obstructive
ain~rays disease. Epidmiol Rev 1:124 - 142.
Spektor, D. M., M. Lippmann, P. J. Licy, G. D. Thurston,
K. C*ak, D. J. James, N. Bock, F. E. Speizer, and
C. Hayes. 1988. Effects of ambient ozone on respira-
tory function in active, normal children. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 137:313 - 320.
Spencer, H. 1977. Pathology of the Lung, Excluding
Pulmona~y Tuberculosis, 3d ed New York Perg~mon.
2 vols.
Stahlhofen, W., J. Gebhart, J. Heyder, K. Philipson, and
P. Camner. 1981. Intercompatison of regional deposi-
tion of aerosol particles in the human respiratory
tract and their longterm elimination. Exp. Lung Res.
2:131 - 139.
Stalcup, S. A., G. M. Turino, and R. B. Mellins. 1982.
Critical issues in the use of vasoactive substances to
assess lung microvascular injury. Ann. N.Y. Acad.
Sci. 384:435 - 457.
Stanley, P. J., R. Wilson, M. A. Greenstone, I. S. Mackay,
and P. J. Cole. 1985. Abnormal nasal mucociliary
clearance in patients with rhinitis and its relationship
to concommitent chest disease. Br. J. Dis. Chest.
79:77 - 82.
Starkey, P. M., and A. J. Barrett. 1977. a2:macrogiobulin,
a physiological regulator of proteinase activity, pp.
663 - 696. In A. J. Barrett, Ed. Proteinases in Mam-
malian Cells and Tissues. Amsterdam: Elsevier
North-Holland.
Starr, T. B., and J. E. Gibson. 1984. The importance
of delivered dose in quantitative risk estimation:
Formaldehyde. Toxicologist 4:30. (Abstract.)
Staub, N. C. 1974. Pulmonary edema. Physiol. Rev.
54:678 - 811.
Staub, N. C. 1986. Clinical use of lung water measure-
ments. Report of a workshop. Chest 90:588 - 594.
Stern, R. M., K. Drenck, O. Lyngenbo, H. Dirksen, and
S. Groth. 1986. Health, occupational exposure and
thoracic magnetic moment of shipyard welders, pp.
403 - 407. In R. M. Stern, A. Berlin, A. C. Fletcher,
J. Jarvisalo, Eds. Health Hazards and Biological
Effects of Welding Fumes and Gases. International
Congress Series, No. 676. Amsterdam: Excerpta
Medical
Stowers, S. J., P. L. Glover, S. H. Reynolds, L. R. Boone,
R. R. Maronpot, and M. W. Anderson. 1987. Activa-
tion of the K~s protooncogene in lung tumors
from rats and mice chronically eyposed to tetranitrome-
thane. Cancer Res. 47:3212 - 3219.
Strumpf, I. J., M. K. Feld, M. J. Cornelius, B. A. Keogh,
and R. G. Crystal. 1981. Safety of fiberoptic bron
OCR for page 162
162
choalveolar ravage in evaluation of interstitial lung
disease. Chest 80:268 - 271.
Stutts, M. J., and P. A. Bromberg. 1987. Effects of ozone
on airway epithelial permeability and ion transport.
Toxicol. Lett. 35:315 - 319.
Stutts, M. J., R. C. Boucher, P. A. Bromberg, and J. T.
Gatzy. 1981. Effects of ammonium and nitrate salts
on ion transport across the excised canine trachea.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 60:91 - 105.
Stutts, M. J., R. C. Boucher, and J. T. Gatzy. 1982.
Effects of cadmium and zinc on canine tracheal bio-
electric properties. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
64:147 - 154.
Stutts, M. J., J. T. Gatzy, M. R. Knowles, C. U. Cotton,
and R. C. Boucher. 1986. Effects of formaldehyde
on bronchial ion Seaport. Toxicol. Appl. PharmacoL
82:360367.
Sue, D. Y., A. Oren, J. E. Hansen, and K Wasserman.
1987. Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide as a
predictor of gas exchange during exercise. N. Engl.
J. Med. 316:1301 - 1306.
Sun, J. D., R. K Wolff, H. M. Aberman, and R. O.
McClellan. 1983. Inhalation of 1-nitropyrene associ-
ated with ultrafine insoluble particles or as a pure
aerosol: A comparison of deposition and biological
fate. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 69:185 - 198.
Sun, J. D., R. K. Wolff, G. M. Kanapilly, and R. O.
McClellan. 1984. Lung retention and metabolic fate
of inhaled benzo~a~pyrene associated with diesel
exhaust particles. T=icol. Appl. Pharmacol.73:4059.
Sun, J. D., S. S. Ragsdale, J. M. Benson, and R. F. Hen-
derson. 1985. Effects of the long-term depletion
of reduced glutathione in mice administered L-buthio-
nine-S,R-sulfoximine. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.
5:913 - 919.
Sutherland, M. W., M. Glass, J. Nelson, Y. Lyen, and
H. J. Forman. 1985. Oxygen toxicity Loss of lung
macrophage function without metabolite depletion.
J. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1:209 - 214.
Swenberg, J. A., F. C. Richardson, L. Tyeryar, F. Deal,
and J. Boucheron. 1986. The molecular dosimetry
of DNA adducts formed by continuous exposure of
rats to a~ylatinghepatocarcinogens. Prog. Exp.Tumor
Res. 31:42 - 51.
Tannenbaum, S. R., and P. L. Skipper. 1984. Biological
aspects to the evaluation of risk: Dosimetry of car-
cinogens in man. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.
4:S367-S373.
Taplin, G. V., D. P. Tashkin, S. K Chopra, O. E. Anselmi,
D. Elam, B. Calvarese, A. Coulson, R. Detels, and
S. N. Rokaw. 1977. Early detection of chronic ob-
structive pulmonary disease us ng radionuclide lung-im-
aging procedures. Chest 71:567 - 575.
Task Group on Lung Dynamics. 1966. Deposition and
retention models for internal dosimetry of the human
respiratory tract. Health Phys. 12:173 - 207.
Tate, R. M., and J. E. Repine. 1983. Neutrophils and
the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 128:552 - 550.
REFERENCES
Taylor, S. M., H. Downed C. A. Hirshman, J. E. Peters,
and D. Leon. 1983. Pulmonary uptake of mannitol
as an index of changes in lung epithelia1 permeability.
J. Appl. Physiol. 55:614 - 618.
Teculescu, D. B., Q. T. Pham, and B. Hannhant. 1986.
Tests of small airway dysfunction: Their correlation
with the ~conventional" fling function tests. Eur. J.
Respir. Dis. 69:175 - 187.
Teisinger, J., and V. Fiserova-Bergerova. 1955. Valeur
comparee de la determination des sulfates et du
phenol contends dans ['urine pour ['evaluation de
la concentration du benzene darts ['air. [Comparative
value of det~minabon of urinary sulfates and phenol
for evaluation of atmospheric benzene.] Arch. Mall
Profess. 16:221 - 232.
Thomas, P. D., and G. W. Hunninghake. 1987. Current
concepts of the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Am Rev.
Respir. Dis. 135:747 - 760.
Thomas, P. S. 1983. Hybridization of denatured RNA
transferred or dotted to nitrocellulose paper. Methods
En~rmol. 100:255 - 266.
Thomas, Y., R. Huchet, and D. Granjon. 1981. Him
tamine-induced suppressor cells of lymphocyte mito-
genic response. Cell. Immunol. 59:268~275.
Thomson,M. L., end D. Pavia. 1974. Particle penetration
and clearance in the human lung: Results in healthy
subjects and subjects with chronic bronchitis. Arch.
Environ. Health 29:214 - 219.
Thomson, M. L., and M. D. Short. 1969. Mucocilia~y
Unction in health, chronic obstructive ai}w~,r disease,
and asbestosis. J. Appl. Physiol. 26:535 - 539.
Thrall, R. S., J. R. McCormick, R. M. Jack, R. A. MA
Reynolds, and P. A. Ward 1979. Bleomycin-induced
pulmonary fibrosis in the rat: Inhibition by indo-
methacin. Am. J. Pathol. 95:117 - 130.
Tingley, D. T., M. Manning, L. C. Grothaus, and W.
F. Burns. 1979. The influence of light and tempera-
ture on isoprene emission rates from live oak.
Physiol. Plant. 47:112 - 118.
Todorovich, L., D. Johnson, P. Ranger, F. Keeley, and
M. Rabinovitch. 1986. Contribution of elastin and
collagen to the pathogenesis of monocrotaline induced
pulmonary hypertension. Fed. Proc. 45:696. (Ab-
stract.)
Toews, G. B., W. C. Vial, M. M. Dunn, P. Guzzetta,
G. Nunez, P. Stastny, and M. F. Lipscomb. 1984.
The accessory cell function of human alveolar macro-
phages in Specific T cell proliferation. J. Immunol.
132:181 - 186.
Togias, A. G., R M. Naclerio, S. P. Peters, I. Nimm~d-
da, D. Proud, A. Kagey-Sobotka, N. F. Adkinson,
Jr., P. S. Norman, and L. M. Lichtenstein. 1986.
Local generation of sulfidopeptide leukotrienes
upon nasal provocation with cold dry air. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 133:1133 - 1137.
Toigo, A., J. J. Imarisio, H. Murmall, and M. N. Lepper.
1963. Clearance of large carbon particles from the
human tracheobronchial tree. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
87:487 - 492.
OCR for page 163
REFERENCES
Tomicka M., S. Ida, Y. Shinoh, T. Ishihara, and T. Taki-
shima. 1984. Mast cells in bronchoalveolar lumen
of patients with bronchial asthma. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 129:1000 1005.
Toomes, H., I. Vogt-Moykopf, W. D. Helter, and H.
Ostertag. 1981. Measurement of mucociliary clearance
in smokers and nonsmokers using a bronchoscopic
video-technical method. Lung 159:27 - 34.
Tornqvist, M., S. Osterman-Golkar, A. Kautiainen, S.
Jensen, P. B. Farmer, and L. Ehrenberg. 1986. Tissue
doses of ethylene chide in cigarette smokers determined
from adduct levels in hemoglobin. Carcinogenesis
7:1519 - 1521.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1984. Air Quality
Criteria for Ozone and Other Photochemical Oxidants,
Vol. IV. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
Unanue, E. R., D. I. Belier, C. Y. Lu, and P. M. Allen.
1984. Antigen presentation: Comments on its regula-
tion and mechanism. J. Immunol. 132:1 - 5.
Utell, M. J., P. E. Morrow, and R. W. Hyde. 1984.
Airway reactivity to sulfate and sulfuric acid aerosols
in normal and asthmatic subjects. J. Air Pollut. Con-
trol Assoc. 34:931 - 935.
Utell, M. J., P. E. Morrow, M. A. Bauer, G. Oberdorster,
D. A. Weber, and R. W. Hyde. 1985. Epithelial per-
meabilityfollou~ng ozoneinhalationin healthysubjects.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 131:A171. (Abstract.)
Valberg, P. A., and J. D. Brain. 1979. Generation and
use of three types of iron-oxide aerosol. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis. 120:1013 - 1024.
Valenti, S., A. Scordamaglia, P. Crimi, and C. Mereu.
1982. Bronchoalveolar ravage and transbronchial lung
biopsy in sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis.
Eur. J. Respir. Dis. 63:564 - 569.
Van oud Alblas, A. B., and R. van Furth. 1979. Origin,
kinetics and characteristics of pulmonary macrophages
in the normal steady state. J. Exp. Med 149.1504 1518.
Van Ree, J. H. L., and H. A. E. Van Dishoeck. 1962.
Some investigations on nasal ciliary activity. Pract.
Otorhinolaryngol. 24:383 - 390.
Vaughan, T. R., Jr., L. F. Jennelle, and T. R. Lewis.
1969. Long-term exposure to low levels of air pol-
lutants. Effects on pulmonary function in thebeagle.
Arch. Environ. Health 19:45 - 50.
Venet, A., A. J. Hance, C. Saltini, B. W. S. Robinson,
and R. G. Crystal. 1985. Enhanced alveolar macro-
phage-mediated antigen-induced T-tmphocyte proli-
feration in sarcoidosis. J. Clin. Invest. 75:293 - 301.
Wagenvoort, C. A., and N. Wagenvoort. 1977. Pathology
of Pulmonary Hypertension. New York: John Wiley
& Sons. 345 pp.
Wagner, J. C. 1965. The sequelae of exposure to asbestos
dust. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 132:691 - 695.
Wallace, L. A. 1987. The Total Exposure Assessment
Methodology (TEAM) Stupor. Summary end Analysis:
Volume I. EPA 600/6-87/002a. Washington, D.
C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Acid Depositon, Environmental Monitonng and
163
Quality Assurance.
Wanner, A. 1977. Clinical aspects of mucociliary trans-
port. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 116:73 - 125.
Wanner, A. 1980. Pulmonary defense mechanisms:
Mu~ilia~ clearance, pp. 325 356. In D. H. Simmons,
Ed. Current Pulmonology, Vol. 2. Boston: Houghton
Mifflin.
Ware, J. H., D. W. Dockery, A. Spiro, III, F. E. Speizer,
and B. G. Ferris, Jr. 1984. Pass*e smoking, gas
cooking, and respiratory health of children living in
six cities. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 129:366 - 74.
Warheit, D. B., L. Y. Chang, L. H. Hill, G. E. R. Hook,
J. D. Crapo, and A. R. Brody. 1984. Pulmonary
macrophage accumulation and asbestos-induced lesions
at sites of fiber deposition. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.
129:301 - 310.
Warheit, D. B., G. George, L. H. Hill, R. Snyderman,
and A. R. Brody. 1985. Inhaled asbestos activates
a complement-dependent chemoattractant for micro-
phages. Lab. Invest. 52:505 - 514.
Warheit, D. B., L. H. Hill, G. George, and A. R. Brody.
1986. Time course of chemotactic factor generation
and the corresponding macrophage response to asbes-
tos inhalation. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 134:128 - 133.
Warheit, D. B., L. H. Overby, A. George, and A. R.
Brody. 1988. Pulmonary macrophages are attracted
to inhaled particles through complement activation.
Exp. Lung Res. 14:51 - 66.
Warner, J., M. M. Pienkowski, M. Plaut, P. S. Norman,
and L. M. Lichtenstein. 1986. Identification of his-
tamine releasing factorts) in the late phase of cuta-
neous IgE-mediated reactions. J. Immunol.
136:2583 - 2587.
Wasserman, K. 1985. An integrative approach to the
non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular and respira-
tory function during exercise. Workshop on Physical
Fitness and Activity Assessment in NCHS General
Population Surveys, National Center for Health Statis-
tics, June.
Wasserman, K., B. J. Whipp, and J. A. Davis. 1981.
Respiratory physiology of exercise: Metabolism, gas
exchange, end ventilators control. Int. Rev. Physiol.
23:149 - 211.
Wasserman, K, J. E. Hansen, D. Y. Sue, and B. J. Whipp.
1987. Principles of Exercise Toting andInteIpretation.
Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger.
Weibel, E. R. 1979. Stereological Methods: Practical
Methods for Biological Morphomet~y, Vol. 1. New
York: Academic Press.
Weinberger, S. E., J. A. Kelman, N. A. Elson, R. C.
Young, Jr., H. Y. Reynolds, J. D. Fulmer, and R.
G. Coal. 1978. Bronchoalveolar ravage in interstitial
lung disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 89:459 - 466.
Weiss, J. W., J. M. Drazen, N. Coles, E. R. McFadden,
Jr., P. F. Weller, E. J. Corey, R. A. Lewis, and K.
F. Austen. 1982. Bronchoconstrictor effects of leuko-
triene C in humans. Science 216:196 - 198.
Weiss, S. T., I. B. Tager, F. E. Speizer, and B. Rosner.
1980. Persistent wheeze: Its relation to respiratory
OCR for page 164
164
illness, cigarette smoking, and level of pulmonary
function in a population sample of children. Am.
Rev. Respir. Dis. 122:697 - 707.
Weiss, S. T., I. B. Tager, J. W. Weiss, A. Munoz, F. E.
Speizer, and R. H. Ingram. 1984. ALways responsive-
ness in a population sample of adults and children.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 129:898 - 902.
Weissler, J. C., C. R. Lyons, M. F. Lipscomb, and G.
B. Toews. 1986. Human pulmonary macrophages:
Functional comparison of cells obtained from whole
lung and bybronchoalveolar ravage. Am. Rev. Respir.
Dis. 133:473 - 477.
Weller, P. F., C. W. Lee, D. W. Foster, E. J. Corey, K.
F. Austin, and R. A. Lewis. 1983. Generation and
metabolism of 5-lipaxygenase pathway leukotrienes
by human eosinophils: Predominant production of
leukotriene C4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA
80:7626 - 7630.
Wewers, M. D., S. I. Rennard, A. J. Hance, P. B. Bitter-
man, and R. G. Crystal. 1984. Normal human
alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar
ravage have a limited capacity to release interleukin-l.
J. Clin. Invest. 74:2208 - 2218.
Wexter, H. R., R. L. Nicholson, F. S. Prato, L. S. Carey,
S. Vinitski, and L. Reese. 1985. Quantitation of lung
water by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. A
preliminary study. Invest. Radiol. 20:583 - 590.
White, R. T., D. Damm, J. Miller, K. Spratt, J. Schilling,
S. Hawgood, B. Benson, and B. Cordell. 1985. Isola-
tion and characterization of the human pulmona~y
surfactant apoprotein gene. Nature 317:361 - 363.
Williams, W. J., and W. R. Williams. 1983. Value of
beryllium lymphocyte transformation tests in chronic
beryllium disease andinpotentiallyexposedworkers.
Thorax 38:41 - 44.
Williams, W. R., and W. J. Williams. 1982. Development
of beryllium lymphocyte transformation tests in chronic
beryllium disease. Int. Arch. Aller~y Appl. humunol.
67:175 - 180.
Williamson, S. J., and L. Kaufman. 1981. Biomagnetism
topical review. J. Magn. Magn. 22:129 - 201.
Willis, R. J., and C. C. Kratzing. 1976. Extracellular
ascorbic acid in lung. Biochim. Biophys. Acta
444:108 - 111.
Wilson, J. T., P. F. Milner, M. E. Summer, F. S. Nallaseth,
H. E. Fadel, R. H. Reindollar, P. G. McDonough,
and L. B. Wilson. 1982. Use of restriction endonucle-
ases for mapping the allele for betas-globin. Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:3628 - 3631.
Wilson,M. R., H. R. Gaumer, end d. E. Salvaggio. 1977.
Activation of the alternate complement pathway and
generation of chemotactic factors by asbestos. J.
Allergy Clin. Immunol. 60:218 - 222.
Witz, G., M. A. Amoruso, and B. D. Goldstein. 1983.
Effect of ozone on alveolar macrophage function:
Membrane ~ynamic properties, pp. 263 - 272. In S.
D. Lee, M. G. Mustafa, and M. A. Mehlman, Eds.
Proceedings of the Symposium on the Biomedical
Effects of Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants,
REFERENCES
March 1982, Pinehurst, N.C. Advances in Modern
Environmental Toxicology, Vol. 5. Princeton, NJ.:
Princeton Scientif~c Publishers.
Wogan, G. N. 1988. Methods for detecting DNA damag-
ingagentsinhumans. Summa~y Methods. IARC
Sci. Publ. 89:9 - 12.
Wogan, G. N., and N. J. Gorelick. 1985. Chemical and
biochemical dosime~y of exposure to genota~c chemi-
cals. Environ. Health Perspect. 62:5 - 18.
Wolff, M. S., J. Thornton, A. Fischbein, R. Lilis, and
I. J. Selikoff. 1982. Disposition of polychlorinated
biphenyl congeners in occupationaDy exposed persons.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 62:294 - 306.
Wolff, R. K 1986. Effects of airborne pollutants on
mucocilia~y clearance. Environ. Health Perspect.
66:223 - 237.
Wolff, R. K., B. A. Muggenberg, and S. A. Silbaugh.
1981. Effect of 03 and 0.9 micron sulfuric acid aero-
sols on tracheal mucous clearance in beagle dogs.
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 123:291 - 294.
Wolff, R. K., B. A. Muggenburg, S. A. Silbaugh, R. L.
Carpenter, J. D. Rowatt, and J. O. Hill. 1982. Lung
Clearance Mechanisms Following Inhalation of Acid
Sulfates. Report LMF-99. Albuquerque, NM.:
Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace
Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute.
Available from NTIS.
Wolff, R. K., R. F. Henderson, A. F. Eidson, J. A. Pick-
rell, S. J. Rothenbeq~, and F. F. Hahn. 1988. Toxicity
of gallium omde particles follo~nng a ~week inhalation
exposure. J. Appl. Toxicol. 8:191 - 199.
Wolff, R. K., J. A. Bond, J. D. Sun, R. F. Henderson,
J. R. Harkema, W. C. Griff~th, J. L. Mauderly, and
R. O. McClellan. 1989. Effects of adsorption of
benzotaipyrene onto carbon black particles on levels
of DNA adducts in lungs of rats exposed by inhalation.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 97:289 - 299.
Wollmer, P., C. G. Rhodes, and J. M. B. Hughes. 1984.
Regional extravascular density and fractional blood
volume of the lung in interstitial disease. Thorax
39:286 293.
Woo, S. L. C., A. S. Lidsky, F. Guttler, T. Chandra, and
K J. H. Robson. 1983. Cloned human phenylalanine
}~rdro~ylase gene allows prenatal diagnosis and carrier
detection of classical phenyLketonuria. Nature
306:151 - 155.
Wood, P. B., E. Nagy, and F. G. Pearson. 1973. Meas-
urement of mucocilia~y clearance from the lower
respirato~y tract of normal dogs. Can. Anaesth. Soc.
J. 20:192 - 206.
Woolco~, A. J., N. J. Vincent, and P. T. Maddem. 1969.
Frequency dependence of compliance as a test for
obstruction in the small ainvays. J. Clin. Invest.
48:1097 - 1106.
Wooten, F. T., W. W. Warring, M. J. Wegmann, W. F.
Anderson, and J. D. Conley. 1978. Methods for
respiratory sound analysis. Med. ~um. 12:254 257.
Yanagisawa, Y., H. Nishimura, H. Matsuki, F. Osaka,
and H. Kasuga. 1986. Personal exposure and health
OCR for page 165
REFERENCES
effect relationship for NO2 with urinary hydroQyproline
to creatinine ratio as indicator. Arch. Env. Health
41:41 - 48.
Yeates, D. B., M. Aspin, H. Levison, M. T. Jones, and
A. C. Bryan. 1975. Mucociliary tracheal transport
rates in man. J. Appl. Physiol. 39:487 - 495.
Young, K. R., and H. Y. Reynolds. 1984. Bronchoal-
veolar washings: Proteins and cells from normal lung,;,
pp. 157 - 173. In J. Bienenstock, Ed. Immunology
of the Lung and Upper Respiratory Tract. New York:
McGraw-Hill.
Zarbl, H., S. Sukomar, A. V. Arthur, D. Martin-Zanca,
and M. Barbacid. 1985. Direct mutagenesis of the
HA-ras-1 oncogenesbyN-nitroso-N-methylurea during
initiation of mamrnarycarcinogenesisin rats. Nature
315:382 - 385.
165
Zarins, L. P., and J. L. Clausen. 1982. Body plethysmo-
graphy, pp. 141 - 153. In J. L. Clausen, Ed Pulmonary
Function T=ing Guidelines and Concierges Emu
meet, Methods, and Normal Values. New York:
Academic Press.
Zavala, D. C. 1978. Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy.
A Trailiing Handbook. Iowa City University of Iowa.
165 pp.
Zeiss, C. R., P. Wolkonsky, R. Chacon, P. A. Tuntland,
D. Levitz, J. J. Prunzansky, and R. Patterson. 1983.
Syndromes in workers exposed to bimetallic ar~ydride:
Alongitudinal clinical and immunologic study. Ann.
Intern. Med. 98:8 - 12.
Zlatkis, A., R. S. Brazell, and C. F. Poole. 1981. The
role of organic volatile profiles in clinical diagnosis.
Clin. Chem. 27:789 - 797.
OCR for page 166
Representative terms from entire chapter:
alveolar macrophages
