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rainfall, depending on terrain
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damage to roads if precipitation changes from snow to rain in winter and spring thaws
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Benefits for safety and reduced interruptions if frozen precipitation shifts to rainfall
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impacts on long-term viability of some inland navigation routes
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Storms: more frequent strong hurricanes (Category 4–5)
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More debris on roads and rail lines, interrupting travel and shipping
More frequent and potentially more extensive emergency evacuations
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Greater probability of infrastructure failures
Increased threat to stability of bridge decks
Increased damage to signs, lighting fixtures, and supports
Decreased expected lifetime of highways exposed to storm surge
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Implications for emergency evacuation planning, facility maintenance, and safety management
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Greater challenge to robustness of infrastructure
Damage to harbor infrastructure from waves and storm surges
Damage to cranes and other dock and terminal facilities
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More frequent interruptions in air service
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Damage to landside facilities (e.g., terminals, navigation aids, fencing around perimeters, signs)
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