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PAPERBACK price:$49.00 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources PDF SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution Estimating the Public Health Benefits of Proposed Air Pollution Regulations Other Related Titles Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution (2008) Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology (BEST) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager . "Appendix B: Environmental Protection Agency's Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard." Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008. Please select a format: Page 211   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Appendix B Environmental Protection Agency’s Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard Table B-1 (EPA 2008b, Table 7-14) shows a variety of assumptions about the association between ozone exposure and mortality. The table is presented here to illustrate that EPA had included the assumption of no causal association between estimated reductions in the incidence of premature mortality and reductions in ozone exposure. The committee recommends that future regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) give little or no weight to that assumption unless new information that refutes the interpretation of this association as causal emerges (see Chapter 6). Presentations like that included in Table 7-14 should be revised in light of this recommendation. Page 211 Front Matter (R1-R14) Summary (1-16) 1 Introduction (17-22) 2 Overview of Ambient-Ozone Standards Development and Benefits Assessment (23-47) 3 Ambient Ozone and Related Pollutants (48-74) 4 Contributions of Relevant Health Studies to the Estimation of Reductions in Premature Mortality (75-127) 5 Economic Valuation of Reduction in Mortality Risk Associated with Ambient Ozone (128-159) 6 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations (160-181) References (182-203) Abbreviations (204-205) Appendix A: Biographic Information on Committee on Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction Benefits from Decreasing Tropospheric Ozone Exposure (206-210) Appendix B: Environmental Protection Agency's Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (211-212)

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OCR for page 211
Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution Appendix B Environmental Protection Agency’s Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard Table B-1 (EPA 2008b, Table 7-14) shows a variety of assumptions about the association between ozone exposure and mortality. The table is presented here to illustrate that EPA had included the assumption of no causal association between estimated reductions in the incidence of premature mortality and reductions in ozone exposure. The committee recommends that future regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) give little or no weight to that assumption unless new information that refutes the interpretation of this association as causal emerges (see Chapter 6). Presentations like that included in Table 7-14 should be revised in light of this recommendation.

OCR for page 212
Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air Pollution TABLE B-1 (TABLE 7-14) Illustrative Strategy to Attain 0.075 ppm: Estimated Annual Reductions in the Incidence of Premature Mortality Associated with Ozone Exposure in 2020 (Incremental to Current Ozone Standard, Arithmetic Mean, 95% Confidence Intervals in Parentheses)b, c, d, e Model or Assumptiona Reference National Full Attainment NMAPS Bell et al. 2004 71 (27-110) Meta-Analysis Bell et al. 2005 230 (120-340) Ito et al. 2005 310 (200-430) Levy et al. 2005 320 (230-420) Assumption that association is not causal   0 aDoes not represent equal weighting among models or between assumption of causality vs no causality (see text in section 6.3.2.1 [of EPA 2008b]). bWith the exception of the assumption of no causal relationship, the arithmetic mean and 95% credible interval around the mean estimates of the annual number of lives saved are based on an assumption of a normal distribution. cA credible interval is a posterior probability interval used in Bayesian statistics, which is similar to a confidence interval used in frequentist statistics. dAll estimates rounded to two significant figures. As such, confidence intervals may not be symmetrical. eThis table reflects full attainment in all locations of the U.S. except two areas of California. These two areas, which have high levels of ozone, are not planning to meet the current standard until after 2020. The estimates in the table do not reflect benefits for the San Joaquin and South Coast Air Basins. Source: EPA 2008b.