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ATTACHMENT A: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF COMMITTEE
MEMBERS
John Ahearne (Chair) is executive director emeritus of Sigma Xi, the Scientific
Research Society, and director emeritus of the Sigma Xi Ethics Program. Before working
at Sigma Xi, Dr. Ahearne served as vice president and senior fellow at Resources for the
Future and as commissioner and chair of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. He
worked in the White House Energy Office and as deputy assistant secretary of energy. He
also worked on weapons-systems analysis, force structure, and personnel policy as
deputy and principal deputy assistant secretary of defense. Serving in the US Air Force
(USAF), he worked on nuclear-weapons effects and taught at the USAF Academy. Dr.
Ahearne’s research interests include risk analysis, risk communication, energy analysis,
reactor safety, radioactive waste, nuclear weapons, materials disposition, science policy,
and environmental management. He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering
in 1996 for his leadership in energy policy and in the safety and regulation of nuclear
power. Dr. Ahearne has served on many National Research Council committees in the
last 20 years and has chaired a number of them, including the current Committee on
Evaluation of Quantification of Margins and Uncertainty Methodology Applied to the
Certification of the Nation’s Nuclear Weapons Stockpile and the Committee on the
Internationalization of the Civil Nuclear Fuel Cycle. In 1966, Dr. Ahearne earned his
PhD in physics from Princeton University.
Thomas W. Armstrong recently retired from his position as senior scientific associate in
the Exposure Sciences Section of ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., where he had
worked since 1989. Dr. Armstrong is working with the University of Colorado Health
Sciences Center as the lead investigator in exposure assessment for epidemiological
investigations of potentially benzene-related hematopoietic diseases in Shanghai, China.
Dr. Armstrong spent 9 years working for the Linde Group as the manager of loss control
in the gases division and a manager of safety and industrial hygiene. He recently
conducted research on quantitative risk-assessment models related to inhalation exposure
to Legionella. He is a member of the Society for Risk Analysis and the American
Industrial Hygiene Association, and he has been certified as an industrial hygienist by the
American Board of Industrial Hygiene. Dr. Armstrong has an MS in environmental
health and a PhD in environmental engineering from Drexel University.
Gerardo Chowell is an assistant professor at the Arizona State University (ASU) School
of Human Evolution and Social Change. Before joining ASU, Dr. Chowell was a
director’s postdoctoral fellow with the Mathematical Modeling and Analysis group
(Theoretical Division) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. He performs
mathematical modeling of emergent and re-emergent infectious diseases (including
SARS, influenza, Ebola, and foot-and-mouth disease) with an emphasis on quantifying
the effects of public-health interventions. His research interests include agent-based
modeling, model validation, and social-network analysis. Dr. Chowell received his PhD
in biometry from Cornell University and his engineering degree in telematics from the
Universidad de Colima, Mexico.
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Margaret E. Coleman is a senior microbiologist at Syracuse Research Corporation
(SRC) in the Environmental Science Center, an independent not-for-profit research and
development organization. Ms. Coleman leads multidisciplinary teams in SRC’s
Microbial Risk Assessment Center of Excellence (M-RACE) and is a founding member
and councilor of the new Upstate New York Chapter of the Society for Risk Analysis
(SRA). Since 1996, she has served in various leadership roles in SRA: chairing symposia
and workshops in quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), being a member of
program committees for domestic and international conferences, and holding offices in
the Biostressors Specialty Group and the Dose-Response Specialty Group. An active
member of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), she recently contributed an
article to ASM’s Microbe magazine (“Microbial Risk Assessment Scenarios, Causality,
and Uncertainty”). Ms. Coleman contributes to peer-review processes in QMRA for
several journals, including SRA’s journal Risk Analysis. She served as a reviewer for the
National Research Council report Reopening Public Facilities After a Biological Attack
and as a committee member for Review of Testing and Evaluation Methodology for
Biological Point Detectors. Before her work in SRC, Ms. Coleman contributed to
development of QMRA methodology for foodborne and waterborne hazards at the US
Department of Agriculture and member agencies of the federal Risk Assessment
Consortium. Ms. Coleman earned her BS from the State University of New York at
Syracuse College of Environmental Science and Forestry and MSs from Utah State
University and the University of Georgia in biology and biochemistry and in medical
microbiology.
Gigi Kwik Gronvall is a senior associate at the Center for Biosecurity of the University
of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) and assistant professor of medicine at the
University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Gronvall is an immunologist by training. Her work
addresses how scientists can diminish the threat of biological weapons and how they can
contribute to an effective response against biological weapons and natural epidemics. She
is a term member of the Council on Foreign Relations and also serves on the American
Association for the Advancement of Science Committee on Scientific Freedom and
Responsibility. Dr. Gronvall is a founding member of the Center for Biosecurity of
UPMC and, before joining the faculty in 2003, worked at the Johns Hopkins University
Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies. From 2000 to 2001, she was a National
Research Council postdoctoral associate at the US Army Medical Research Institute of
Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) in Fort Detrick, Maryland. Dr. Gronvall earned a PhD
from Johns Hopkins University for her work on T-cell receptor/MHC I
interactions.
Eric Harvill is an associate professor of microbiology and infectious diseases at the
Pennsylvania State University. His primary research interest is in the interactions
between bacterial pathogens and the host immune system, and his group investigates
bacterial virulence factors and host immune functions at the molecular level, using the
tools of bacterial genetics and mouse molecular immunology. The studies investigate the
possible effects of these molecular-level activities on the population-level behavior of
infectious diseases. Dr. Harvill has served on several National Research Council
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committees, including the Committee on Methodological Improvements to the
Department of Homeland Security's Biological Agent Risk Analysis. He has reviewed for
more than 20 scientific journals and serves on the Editorial Board of Infection and
Immunity. Dr. Harvill has reviewed proposals for six National Institutes of Health study
sections, the US Department of Agriculture, and multiple international funding
organizations. He has organized international and local meetings and chaired sessions at
annual meetings of the American Association of Immunologists and the American
Society for Microbiology. He earned his PhD at the University of California, Los
Angeles.
Barbara Johnson has over 15 years of experience in biosafety, biocontainment, and
biosecurity for the US government and owns the consulting company Barbara Johnson &
Associates, LLC. Dr. Johnson has managed the design, construction, and commissioning
of a biosafety level-3 aerosol pathogen test facility, and she launched the US
government’s first chemical and biological counterterrorism training facility. Her
research interests include biological risk assessment and mitigation, testing of the
efficiency of respiratory protective devices, and testing of novel decontamination
methods against biological threat agents. In the private sector, she pioneered the
development of the first joint biosafety and biosecurity programs between the United
States and institutes in the former Soviet Union, and she founded and directed a center for
biosecurity in association with this work. She has served as the president of the American
Biological Safety Association and is the coeditor of the journal Applied Biosafety.
Paul A. Locke is an associate professor in the Department of Environmental Health
Sciences at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. He is a public-health
scientist and attorney with expertise in risk assessment and risk management, radiation-
protection law and policy, and alternatives to animals in biomedical testing. Dr. Locke
serves on the Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Air Act Advisory Committee
and is a member of the Board of Councilors of the National Council on Radiation
Protection and Measurements. Since 2004, he has been a member of the National
Research Council Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board, and he has participated on two
Research Council committees that evaluated the risks associated with the disposal of
high-level radioactive waste. Dr. Locke has received several awards, including the Yale
School of Public Health Alumni Service Award and the American Public Health
Association Environment Section Distinguished Service Award. He holds an MPH from
Yale University School of Medicine, a JD from Vanderbilt University School of Law,
and a DrPH from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Warner North is president of NorthWorks, Inc., a consulting firm in Belmont,
California. He is also a consulting professor in the Department of Management Science
and Engineering at Stanford University. Over the last 30 years, Dr. North has carried out
applications of decision analysis and risk analysis for electric utilities in the United States
and Mexico, for petroleum and chemical industries, and for government agencies with
responsibility for energy and environmental protection. He has served as a member and
consultant to the Environmental Protection Agency Science Advisory Board since 1978
and as a presidentially appointed member of the US Nuclear Waste Technical Review
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Board. Dr. North is a member of the National Research Council Panel on Public
Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making and has chaired
Research Council committees. He is a past president of the Society for Risk Analysis
(SRA), a recipient of SRA’s Outstanding Risk Practitioner Award, and a recipient of the
Frank P. Ramsey Medal from the Decision Analysis Society for lifetime contributions to
the field of decision analysis.
Jonathan Richmond is CEO of Jonathan Richmond and Associates, a biosafety
consulting firm with a global clientele. Before starting his own firm, Dr. Richmond was
the director of the Office of Health and Safety at the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia. He is an international authority on biosafety and
laboratory-containment design. Dr. Richmond was trained as a geneticist, worked for 10
years as a research virologist, and has been involved in biosafety for the last 25 years. He
is the author of many scientific publications in microbiology and has edited numerous
books, has chaired many national symposia, and is an international consultant to
ministries of health on laboratory safety and training. He served as president of the
American Biological Safety Association.
Gary Smith is chief of the Section of Epidemiology and Public Health in the University
of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. He has a secondary appointment in the
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology of the university’s School of Medicine and
is an associate scholar in the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. He is
also an affiliated faculty member of the university’s Institute for Strategic Threat
Analysis and Response. His research deals with the epidemiology and population
dynamics of infectious disease in humans and in wild and domestic animals. He has
extensive experience in mathematical modeling in the context of infectious and parasitic
disease control strategies (including the evolution of drug resistance) and has published
case-control studies of various infectious diseases of animals and humans. Dr. Smith
served on a Food and Agriculture Organization–World Health Organization expert
committee on the implementation of farm models in the developing world, served on the
Pennsylvania Food Quality Assurance Committee, and was a member of a European
Union expert committee on the risk of bovine spongiform encephalopathy. He has served
on the editorial boards of Parasitology Today, the International Journal of Parasitology,
the Veterinary Quarterly, and Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. Dr. Smith
earned bachelor’s degrees in zoology and education from the University of Oxford and
the University of Cambridge, respectively, and a DPhil in ecology from the University of
York.
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