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Martha Muse Prize for Science and Policy in Antarctica An International Polar Year Legacy Committee on the Design of the Martha Muse Award to Support the Advancement of Antarctic Researchers Polar Research Board Division on Earth and Life Studies THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, DC www.nap.edu
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study was supported by the Tinker Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organization that provided support for the project. Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2008 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academyâs purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org
COMMITTEE ON THE DESIGN OF THE MARTHA MUSE AWARD TO SUPPORT THE ADVANCEMENT OF ANTARCTIC RESEARCHERS DAVID H. BROMWICH (Chair), Ohio State University, Columbus JUDITH L. BRONSTEIN, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia HUGH W. DUCKLOW, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts KARL A. ERB, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia MAHLON C. KENNICUTT, II, Texas A&M University, College Station DIANE M. MCKNIGHT, University of Colorado, Boulder KAREN E. NELSON, The J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland WARREN ZAPOL, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Staff JODI BOSTROM, Study Director CHRIS ELFRING, Board Director RACHAEL SHIFLETT, Senior Program Assistant iv
POLAR RESEARCH BOARD ROBIN BELL (Chair), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York JAMES E. BERNER, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage DAVID BROMWICH, Ohio State University, Columbus CALVIN ROBERT CLAUER, National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, Virginia JODY W. DEMING, University of Washington, Seattle ANDREW G. FOUNTAIN, Portland State University, Oregon SVEN D. HAAKANSON, Alutiiq Museum, Kodiak, Alaska LAWRENCE HAMILTON, University of New Hampshire, Durham LARRY D. HINZMAN, University of Alaska, Fairbanks SAMUEL B. MUKASA, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor STEPHANIE PFIRMAN, Barnard College, New York, New York JAMES W. ROONEY, R&M Consultants, Inc., Anchorage, Alaska KONRAD STEFFEN, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, Colorado DIANA HARRISON WALL, Colorado State University, Fort Collins JAMES WHITE, University of Colorado, Boulder Ex-Officio: JACKIE GREBMEIER, University of Tennessee, Knoxville MAHLON C. KENNICUTT II, Texas A&M University, College Station TERRY WILSON, Ohio State University, Columbus Staff CHRIS ELFRING, Director RACHAEL SHIFLETT, Senior Program Assistant v
Acknowledgments This report has been reviewed in draft form by persons chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Councilâs Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards of objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We thank the following for their participation in their review of this report: CLIVE HOWARD-WILLIAMS, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Christchurch, New Zealand GÃRARD JUGIE, Institut Polaire Français Paul Ãmile Victor, Plouzané, France DAVID M. KARL, University of Hawaii, Honolulu JOSà RETAMALES, Instituto Nacional Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Mary R. Albert, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Hanover, New Hampshire, appointed by the Divison on Earth and Life Studies, who was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the National Research Council. The report was enhanced by the participants in the committeeâs meeting. The committee acknowledges the efforts of those who gave presentations: Jennifer Baeseman, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; John Brauman, Stanford University; Renate Rennie, Tinker Foundation; and Steve Scudder, American Bar Association. Their input helped to set the stage for fruitful discussions. vii
Contents Summary 1 1 Introduction 2 The Tinker Foundation and Martha Muse 2 International Polar Year 2007â2008 2 Purpose of This Report 4 2 The Martha Muse Prize 5 Vision and Philosophy 5 Characteristics of a Prize Winner 5 Long-Term Strategy 6 3 Prize Logistics 7 Nominee Eligibility 7 Nomination Process and Materials 7 Call for Nominations 8 4 The Selection Committee and the Selection Process 10 Selection Committee Operations and Responsibilities 10 Selecting the Committee 11 Evaluating Nominees and Selecting the Prize Winner 11 5 Responsibilities of the Administrative Organization 13 Prize Promotion and Publicity 15 Nomination Process 15 Prize Announcement and Ceremony 16 Post-Award Activities 16 Legacy 17 Appendixes A Committee Statement of Task 18 B Committee and Staff Biographies 19 C Review of Other Prizes and Awards 23 D AAAS Science & Technology Policy Fellowships: Candidate Evaluation Summary, 25 Guidelines, and Scoring Outline ix