these guidelines for the use of the scientific community, including researchers in university, industry, or other private-sector research organizations.

1.1(a) These guidelines cover all derivation of hES cell lines and all research that uses hES cells derived from

1. blastocysts made for reproductive purposes and later obtained for research from in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics,

2. blastocysts made specifically for research using IVF,

3. somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) into oocytes.

1.1(b) Some of the guidelines and concerns addressed in this report are common to other areas types of human stem cell research; as such, certain of these Guidelines should also apply to those other types of research. For example, such as

1. research that uses human adult stem cells,

2. research that uses fetal stem cells or embryonic germ cells derived from fetal tissue; such research is covered by federal statutory restrictions at 42 U.S.C. 289g-2(a) and federal regulations at 45 CFR 46.210,

3. research using human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells derived from non-embryonic sources, such as spermatogonial stem cells and “induced pluripotent” stem cells derived from somatic cells by introduction of genes or otherwise (so-called iPS cells), as well as other pluripotent cells yet to be developed.

Recommendations as to which guidelines apply to other hPS cells are collected in Section 7 below. Institutions and investigators conducting research using such materials with adult and fetal stem cells should also consider which individual provisions of these guidelines are relevant to their research.

1.1(c) The guidelines do not cover research that uses nonhuman stem cells.