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A Science Strategy for Space Physics: Part III
A Science Strategy for Space Physics
Appendix
Glossary
ACE Advanced Composition Explorer, scheduled for launch in the
late-1990s
ACRIM Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor
REPORT MENU
ADEOS Japan's Advanced Earth Observing Satellite, scheduled for
NOTICE
launch in 1995 Akebono Japanese spacecraft, launched in
MEMBERSHIP
1989, for studying the inner magnetosphere
SUMMARY
PART I
AMPTE Active Magnetosphere Particle Tracer Explorer-
PART II
NASA/German/U.K. three-satellite mission to study the
CHAPTER 1
access of solar wind ions to the magnetosphere, as well as
CHAPTER 2
the convective-diffusive transport and energization of
CHAPTER 3
magnetospheric particles
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
Ariel 5 British x-ray astronomy satellite, launched in 1974
PART III
APPENDIX
Ariel 6 British satellite launched in 1979 to study the ultraheavy
component of primary cosmic rays
AU Astronomical unit-the mean distance between the Earth and
the Sun
Cassini NASA-ESA mission to Saturn, scheduled for launch in 1997
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CEDAR Coupling of Energy and Dynamics between Atmospheric
Regions program
CFCs Chlorofluorocarbons
CGRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, launched from the
shuttle in 1991
Cluster ESA-NASA multisatellite mission, scheduled for launch in
1996
CMEs Coronal mass ejections
CoMStOC Coronal Magnetic Structures Observing Campaign
CRRES Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite-a NASA-
Department of Defense mission launched in the mid-1980s
DE Dynamics Explorer-NASA magnetospheric-ionospheric
mission launched in 1981
DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
EISCAT European Incoherent Scatter facility
Envisat European environmental satellite
EOS Earth Observing System
ERB Earth Radiation Budget
ESA European Space Agency
EUVE Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer-NASA astrophysics mission
launched in 1992
FAST Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer-NASA small explorer
scheduled for launch in 1995
FIP First ionization potential
Flare Genesis Balloon-born solar telescope and magnetograph launched in
Antarctica
Freja Swedish-German satellite to study the interaction of the
magnetosphere with the upper atmosphere and ionosphere-
launched in 1992
Galileo NASA Jupiter orbiter, launched in 1989 and scheduled to go
into orbit about Jupiter in 1995
GALLEX Gallium Experiment-European solar neutrino detector located
in Italy
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A Science Strategy for Space Physics: Part III
GEM Geospace Environmental Modeling program
Geotail Japanese-U.S. mission to study magnetospheric processes in
distant geomagnetic tail
GGS Global Geospace Science program
GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-a series of
NOAA meteorological satellites
GONG Global Oscillation Network Group-ground-based
helioseismology experiment employing multiple observing
sites around the world
HEAO-3 NASA's third High Energy Astrophysical Observatory,
launched in 1979
Helios A pair of German-U.S. spacecraft with perihelion of ~0.3 AU,
launched in 1974 and 1976
HILAT A polar-orbiting satellite
HIREGS High Resolution Gamma-ray Spectrometer-a 1992-1993 long-
duration balloon flight experiment from Antarctica
Huygens Titan atmospheric probe-ESA's contribution to the Cassini
mission
IACG Interagency Consultative Group
ICE (ISEE-3) International Cometary Explorer (formerly International
Sun/Earth Explorer-3), launched in 1978
ILAS Instrument on the Japanese ADEOS
IMP-8 NASA's eighth Interplanetary Monitoring Platform, launched
in 1972
Interball-Aurora Russian spacecraft for studying the auroral zones-launch
expected in 1995
Interball-Tail Russian spacecraft for studying the geomagnetic tail-launch
expected in 1995
ISEE International Sun-Earth Explorer-a NASA-ESA series of three
spacecraft launched in 1977 and 1978
ISTP International Solar-Terrestrial Physics program
JACEE Japanese-American (Coordinated) Emulsion Experiment-a
balloon-borne cosmic ray experiment
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LDEF Long Duration Exposure Facility, launched on the shuttle in
mid-1980s
Max '91 Coordinated program for studying the Sun during the solar
cycle maximum in 1991
Meteor-3 The Russian satellite carrying NASA's TOMS experiment,
launched in 1991
MI Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling
MSX Midcourse Space Experiment-Department of Defense
satellite scheduled for launch in 1995
NDSC Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change-the aim is to
obtain a continuous, well-calibrated data record for the
stratosphere, for use in calibrating satellite measurements
NIMBUS A series of U.S. atmospheric research satellites
OGO Orbiting Geophysical Observatory
P78-1 A Department of Defense solar observation spacecraft,
launched in 1979
Pioneer A series of NASA planetary and heliospheric spacecraft,
launched in the 1960s and 1970s
Pioneer Venus A NASA program to study Venus-two spacecraft, a bus with
multiple atmospheric probes and an orbiter, both launched in
1978
Polar A NASA contribution to ISTP, scheduled for launch in 1995
Polar BEAR Polar-orbiting satellite
QBO Quasi-biennial oscillation
RISE Radiative Inputs from the Sun to the Earth program
RoSAT Roentgen satellite-a German-U.S.-U.K. gamma/x-ray satellite
launched in 1990
SAGE Soviet-American Gallium Experiment-a solar neutrino
experiment in Russia; also, a spacecraft instrument for
measuring atmospheric ozone profiles
SAMPEX Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particles Explorer-
NASA's first Small Explorer, launched in 1992
SAO Semiannual oscillation
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SMM Solar Maximum Mission-a NASA solar observation satellite,
launched in 1980
SOHO Solar and Heliospheric Observatory-ESA-NASA contribution
to ISTP, scheduled for launch in 1995
SOUP Solar Optical Universal Polarimeter-Spacelab-2 experiment
Spacelab-2 Shuttle-borne solar physics/astrophysics mission conducted
in 1985
Spartan 201 A retrievable shuttle-borne spacecraft to study the solar
corona-flights conducted in 1993, 1994, 1995
STEP Solar-Terrestrial Energy Program
SUNRISE Sun's Radiative Input from Sun to Earth program to study the
terrestrial consequences of solar variability
TIROS Television Infrared Observation Satellite-a family of polar-
orbiting operational weather satellites
TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer-the first of these
instruments operated on NASA's Nimbus 7 satellite from
1978 to 1993, the second operated on Russia's Meteor-3
from 1991 to 1994, and additional examples will be flown on
Russian, Japanese, and U.S. spacecraft between 1995 and
2000
UARS Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, launched from the
shuttle in 1991
Ulysses ESA-NASA mission, launched in 1990, to study the Sun's
polar regions
Viking Swedish satellite, launched in 1986 in near-polar orbit, to
study particles and fields and obtain auroral images; also, a
pair of NASA Mars orbiters/landers launched in 1975
Voyager A pair of NASA missions, launched in 1977, to explore the
outer planets and heliosphere
Wind NASA contribution to ISTP to study plasma phenomena
upstream of Earth, launched in 1994
Yohkoh Japanese-U.S.-U.K. solar x-ray astronomy satellite, launched
in 1991
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