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Space Studies Board Annual Report—1991
Space Studies Board
Annual Report—1991
NOTICE
FROM THE CHAIR
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
Space Studies Board
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5 Commission on Physical Sciences,
APPENDIX
Mathematics, and Applications
National Research Council
Notice
From the Chair
1. History and Charter of the Board
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Space Studies Board Annual Report—1991
2. Activities and Membership
3. Summaries of Reports
3.1 Assessment of Programs in Solar and Space Physics-1991
3.2 Assessment of Programs in Space Biology and Medicine-1991
3.3 Assessment of Solar System Exploration Programs-1991
3.4 Assessment of Satellite Earth Observation Programs-1991
4. Letter Reports
4.1 On the Proposed Redesign of Space Station Freedom
4.2 On the NASA Earth Observing System
4.3 On Research Uses of LANDSAT
5. Congressional Testimony
5.1 Testimony on the Report of the Advisory Committee on the
Future of the U.S. Space Program
5.2 Testimony on the Space Station Freedom Program
5.3 Summary Testimony on the Space Station Freedom Program
5.4 Testimony on the NASA Fiscal Year 1992 Budget Proposal
(House)
5.5 Testimony on the NASA Fiscal year 1992 Budget Proposal
(Senate)
Appendix: Prior Year Letters on the Space Station
A.1 Report to Administrator Beggs: 1983
A.2 Report to Space Station Program Manager Stofan: 1987
A.3 Report to Administrator Truly: 1989
A.4 Report to Assistant Associate Administrator Alexander: 1990
Visit the National Academy Press (NAP) to find other titles of interest. NAP is the
publisher for the National Academies.
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Annual Report 1991: Notice
Space Studies Board
Annual Report—1991
Notice
The Space Studies Board is a unit of the National Research Council, which
serves as an independent advisor to the federal government on scientific and
technical questions of national importance. The Research Council, jointly
administered by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of
Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine, brings the resources of the entire
scientific and technical community to bear through its volunteer advisory
committees.
Support for the work of the Space Studies Board and its committees and task
groups was provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration contracts
NASW-4201 and NASW-4627 and National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration contract 50-DGNE-1-00138.
REPORT MENU
NOTICE
FROM THE CHAIR
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
APPENDIX
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Annual Report 1991: From the Chair
Space Studies Board
Annual Report—1991
From the Chair
Since its founding as the Space Science Board in
1958, the Space Studies Board has provided
independent external scientific and technical advice
on the nation's civil space program. This 1991
Annual Report of the SSB and its committees
represents the first of its kind. The report contains a
summary of the Board's meetings, complete texts
of letter reports, and executive summaries of full
reports issued during the year. It is intended to
serve as a ready reference to Board activities and
advisory reports in 1991.
The year 1991 began in the context of the recommendations for the civil
space program that were contained in the "Report of the Advisory Committee on
the Future of the U.S. Space Program." This committee had been convened by
the National Space Council and issued its report in December 1990. I served as
one of twelve members. The committee recommended that space science should
REPORT MENU
be the highest priority, the "fulcrum," of the space program. Two major initiatives,
NOTICE
Mission to Planet Earth and Mission from Planet Earth, were identified, with
FROM THE CHAIR
Mission from Planet Earth being recommended on a go-as-you-pay basis. Basic
CHAPTER 1
infrastructure elements that were the subject of recommendations were space
CHAPTER 2
technology and launch systems. Management advice for the space program was
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4 also presented.
CHAPTER 5
APPENDIX
In early 1991 NASA completed another redesign of Space Station
Freedom. The Board and its Committees on Space Biology and Medicine and on
Microgravity Research examined the redesigned station and concluded, in a
letter report, that "[n]either the quantity nor the quality of research that can be
conducted on the proposed station merits the projected investment." Explaining,
discussing, and testifying on this Board report occupied a significant amount of
time and attention of the Chair and the staff as the 1992 budgetary process
worked its way through the Congress.
It became very clear from the space station discussions in 1991 that,
even though this program eventually received full funding from the Congress after
first being defeated in its House Appropriations Subcommittee, controversy over
the nation's interest in the endeavor was not ended. It will be interesting to follow
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Annual Report 1991: From the Chair
its saga into the future and to watch the extent to which technical advisory reports
such as those of the Board or of the National Space Council's Advisory
Committee on this major program are utilized by lawmakers.
The year 1991 occupied an interval of some twelve to twenty-four months
after the fall of the Berlin Wall, with all that that event portended for the future of
the peoples of Eastern Europe. I have begun to sense a questioning of some
aspects of the space program, particularly those most closely associated with
issues of national pre-eminence. At the same time, the political changes suggest
a brighter future for collaborative enterprises in space with former adversaries.
I hope that this summary report of the 1991 activities of the Space Studies
Board will indeed be helpful to future researchers and policymakers. I also hope
that this report will be but the first in a continuing series that chronicles in a useful
way the advisory actions of this Board of the National Research Council.
Louis J. Lanzerotti
Chair
Space Studies Board
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