Teasdale and Engberg, 2001

SMR

145,440 people discharged from hospital with primary or secondary diagnosis of TBI who survived 1 mo after discharge, sampled from Danish National Hospital Registry in 1979– 1993, compared with general population

Mild TBI according to following diagnostic categories: concussion (126,114), cranial fracture (7,560), cerebral contusion or traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (11,766)

Suicide as function of diagnosis (concussion, fracture, lesion); from National Cause of Death Registry

Suicide in TBI discharge group compared with Danish population

Stratified by age, sex; controlled for substance use

Nationally representative sample

Concussion: SMR, 3.02 (95% CI 2.82– 3.25); fracture: SMR, 2.69 (95% CI 2.01–3.59); lesion: SMR, 4.05 (95% CI 3.33–4.93)

Possible underreporting of suicides; accuracy of hospital records

No uninjured control group

Women had higher rates of suicide than men in three diagnostic groups; mortality greater in patients injured at age of 21–60 years than in those injured when younger or older