Gulf War and Health: Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury

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Gulf War and Health: Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury (2008)
Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice (BPH)

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. "8 PSYCHIATRIC OUTCOMES." Gulf War and Health: Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008.

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Gulf War and Health, Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury

Reference	Study Design	Population	Type of TBI	Health Outcomes or Outcome Measures	Results	Adjustments	Comments or Limitations
					visits, higher numbers of outcomes or symptoms
Schneiderman et al., 2008	Cross-sectional	7,259 veterans of OIF, OEF living in Northern Virginia, Maryland, Washington, DC, or eastern West Virginia; 2,235 (31%) returned questionnaires	Mild	PTSD, postconcussive symptoms	11% of respondents screened positive for PTSD; factors associated with PTSD included sustained multiple injuries (prevalence ratio, 3.71 for three or more; 95% CI, 2.23–6.19), combat mild TBI (prevalence ratio, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.72–3.28)		Self-reported
					Postconcussive symptoms strongly associated with PTSD score
NOTE: CAPS = Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, CIDI = Composite International Diagnostic Interview, ISS = Injury Severity Score, IV = intravenous, LOC = loss of consciousness, MVA = motor-vehicle accident, OEF = Operation Enduring Freedom, OIF = Operation Iraqi Freedom, PCS = postconcussive symptom, PTA = posttraumatic amnesia, PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder, TBI = traumatic brain injury.