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PAPERBACK price:$21.00 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources PDF SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention:A Framework to Inform Decision Making Other Related Titles Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics: Workshop Summary (2009) Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice (BPH) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager . "References." Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2009. Please select a format: Page 57   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. References Armstrong, B., and R. Doll. 1975. Bladder cancer mortality in diabetics in relation to saccharin consumption and smoking habits. British Journal of Preventive & Social Medicine 29:73–81. Arnold, D., C. Moodie, H. Grice, S. Charbonneau, B. Stavric, B. Collins, P. McGuire, Z. Zawidzka, and I. Monro. 1980. Long term toxicity of ortho-toluenesulfonamide and sodium saccharin in the rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 52:113–152. Ashby, J. 1985. The genotoxicity of sodium saccharin and sodium chloride in relation to their cancer-promoting properties. Food and Chemical Toxicology 23:507–519. Baines, C. 2003. Transparency at the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lancet 361(9359):781–782. EIA (Energy Information Administration). 2004. International Energy Annual. http://eia.doe.gov/iea (accessed May 5, 2008). EIA. 2007. Projections: EIA, System for the Analysis of Global Energy Markets. http://eia.doe.gov/iea (accessed May 5, 2008). EU (European Union). 2008. Europa Glossary. http://europa.eu/scadplus/glossary/precautionary_principle_en.htm (accessed April 10, 2008). FDA (Food and Drug Administration). 2006. New Federal Health Initiative to Improve Cancer Therapy. http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/news/2006/NEW01316.html (accessed March 20, 2008). Gohlke, J., and C. Portier. 2007. The forest for the trees: A systems approach to human health research. Environmental Health Perspectives 115(9):1261–1263. Hastein, T., B. Hjeltnes, A. Lillehaug, J. Utne Skare, M. Berntssen, A. K. Lundebye. 2006. Food safety hazards that occur during the production stage: Challenges for fish farming and the fishing industry. Revues Scientifique et Technique 25(2):18. Hattis, D. 2000. Draft risk analysis ideals. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 6(6):7. Hattis, D. 2004. The conception of variability in risk analyses: Developments since 1980. In Risk Analysis and Society: An Interdisciplinary Characterization of the Field, edited by T. McDaniels and M. J. Small. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–45. Hattis, D.A., and E.L. Anderson. 1999. What should be the implications of uncertainty, variability, and inherent “biases”/“conservatism” for risk management decision-making? Society for Risk Analysis 19(1):13. HHS (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) and NTP (National Toxicology Program). 2005. Report on Carcinogens. 11th ed. Washington, DC: HHS and NTP. IARC. 1987. IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risks to humans. In Genetic and Related Effects: An Updating of Selected IARC Monographs from Volumes 1–42. Suppl. 6:488–496. Page 57 Front Matter (R1-R14) Summary (1-8) 1 Approaches to Decision Making (9-20) 2 Scientific Issues in Environmental Health Decision Making (21-34) 3 Conflicts of Interest, Bias, and Ethics (35-44) 4 Stakeholder Perspectives on Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making (45-48) 5 General Workshop Discussion (49-52) 6 Closing Comments (53-56) References (57-58) Appendix A: Workshop Agenda (59-62) Appendix B: Speakers and Panelists (63-74) Appendix C: Workshop Participants (75-78)

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Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics - Workshop Summary References Armstrong, B., and R. Doll. 1975. Bladder cancer mortality in diabetics in relation to saccharin consumption and smoking habits. British Journal of Preventive & Social Medicine 29:73–81. Arnold, D., C. Moodie, H. Grice, S. Charbonneau, B. Stavric, B. Collins, P. McGuire, Z. Zawidzka, and I. Monro. 1980. Long term toxicity of ortho-toluenesulfonamide and sodium saccharin in the rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 52:113–152. Ashby, J. 1985. The genotoxicity of sodium saccharin and sodium chloride in relation to their cancer-promoting properties. Food and Chemical Toxicology 23:507–519. Baines, C. 2003. Transparency at the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lancet 361(9359):781–782. EIA (Energy Information Administration). 2004. International Energy Annual. http://eia.doe.gov/iea (accessed May 5, 2008). EIA. 2007. Projections: EIA, System for the Analysis of Global Energy Markets. http://eia.doe.gov/iea (accessed May 5, 2008). EU (European Union). 2008. Europa Glossary. http://europa.eu/scadplus/glossary/precautionary_principle_en.htm (accessed April 10, 2008). FDA (Food and Drug Administration). 2006. New Federal Health Initiative to Improve Cancer Therapy. http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/news/2006/NEW01316.html (accessed March 20, 2008). Gohlke, J., and C. Portier. 2007. The forest for the trees: A systems approach to human health research. Environmental Health Perspectives 115(9):1261–1263. Hastein, T., B. Hjeltnes, A. Lillehaug, J. Utne Skare, M. Berntssen, A. K. Lundebye. 2006. Food safety hazards that occur during the production stage: Challenges for fish farming and the fishing industry. Revues Scientifique et Technique 25(2):18. Hattis, D. 2000. Draft risk analysis ideals. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 6(6):7. Hattis, D. 2004. The conception of variability in risk analyses: Developments since 1980. In Risk Analysis and Society: An Interdisciplinary Characterization of the Field, edited by T. McDaniels and M. J. Small. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–45. Hattis, D.A., and E.L. Anderson. 1999. What should be the implications of uncertainty, variability, and inherent “biases”/“conservatism” for risk management decision-making? Society for Risk Analysis 19(1):13. HHS (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) and NTP (National Toxicology Program). 2005. Report on Carcinogens. 11th ed. Washington, DC: HHS and NTP. IARC. 1987. IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risks to humans. In Genetic and Related Effects: An Updating of Selected IARC Monographs from Volumes 1–42. Suppl. 6:488–496.

OCR for page 58
Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics - Workshop Summary IARC. 2006. Preamble to the IARC Monographs. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Preamble/currenta2objective0706.php (accessed November 12, 2008). Majone, G. 2002. The precautionary principle and its policy implications. Journal of Common Market Studies 40:89–110. NTP (National Toxicology Program). 2005. Questions and Answers About the Report on Carcinogens. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/index.cfm?objectid=03CA6383-97566-1F64-6637241FE0114FE9 (accessed May 5, 2008). NTP. 2008. Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) Mission and Vision. http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/about/ni_Mission.htm (accessed May 5, 2008). OMB (Office of Management and Budget). 2006. Proposed Risk Assessment Bulletin. http://www. whitehouse.gov/omb/inforeg/proposed_risk_assessment_bulletin_010906.pdf (accessed May 9, 2008). Palucka, T. 2004. Doing the impossible. Invention & Technology Magazine 19(3):22–31. Pearson, S.D., J. Sabin, and E.J. Emanuel. 2003. No Margin, No Mission: Health-care Organizations and the Quest for Ethical Evidence. New York: Oxford University Press. Steinzor, R., and M. Shudtz. 2007. Sequestering science: Secrets threatening public health. CPR White Paper 703(April). SUNY (State University of New York). 2004. Guide to research methods: The evidence pyramid. http://library.downstate.edu/EBM2/2100.htm (accessed November 11, 2008). Sweatman, T., and A. Renwick. 1979. Saccharin metabolism and tumorigenicity. Science 205:1019–1020. Taylor, J., M. Weinberger, and L. Friedman. 1980. Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity to the urinary bladder of sodium saccharin in the in utero–exposed rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 54:57–75. Teutsch, S.M. 2008. The evidence for evidence-based public health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 14(2):92–93. Tisdel, M., P. Nees, D. Harris, and P. Derse. 1974. Long-term feeding of saccharin in rats. In Symposium: Sweeteners (pp. 145–158). Westport, CT: Avi Publishing Co. United Nations. 1992. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, June 13–14, Rio de Janeiro. Wagner, W., and R. Steinzor. 2006. Rescuing science from politics: Regulating and the distortion of scientific research. CPR White Paper 604(August). Whysner, J., and G. Williams. 1996. Saccharin mechanistic data and risk assessment: Urine composition, enhanced cell proliferation, and tumor promotion. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 71:225–252.