. "3 The Role of Transit in Emergency Evacuation." The Role of Transit in Emergency Evacuation: Special Report 294. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008.
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The Role of Transit in Emergency Evacuation
Box 3-1
Factors That Affect the Response of Transit Agenciesin an Emergency Evacuation
Characteristics of the Urban Area
Population characteristics
Population size
Population density
Spatial concentration of transit-dependent populations
Socioeconomic characteristics
Elderly population
People with disabilities
Low-income population
Immigrant populations
Geographic characteristics
Size of transportation network
Constraints on evacuation routes
Political and institutional characteristics
Jurisdictional complexity/fragmentation
Leadership and experienced personnel
Characteristics of the Emergency
Likelihood of occurrence
Advance-notice/no-notice
Type (natural, human-caused)
Scope (local, regional, multistate)
Time (on- or off-peak, weekday or weekend)
Duration (hours, days, months)
Behavioral Characteristics
Experience with emergency incidents and transit use
Cultural factors
Trust and credibility
Resources
Technology
Mutual-aid agreements
Funding for planning and emergency exercises
Characteristics of the Transit System
Size of system
Coverage of service area
Modal mix and flexibility of transit system
Type of service (directly provided or contracted out)
Condition and capacity of transit system
Integration of transit agency into local emergency command structure
