The committee was asked to develop carcinogenic risk estimates for different magnitudes of inhalation exposure to beryllium; however, the committee judged that the available human and animal data are inadequate to support a dose-response analysis with low-dose extrapolation to current exposure magnitudes. A useful cancer dose-response assessment cannot be conducted until more information is available on existing or new worker cohorts regarding complete work history, possible exposure to other carcinogens, and exposure history. Furthermore, carcinogenic risk estimates would be of limited utility in light of the committee’s recommendation that the Air Force implement an exposure- and disease-management program to reduce exposure to beryllium to the lowest feasible magnitude to prevent BeS and CBD.