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Infancy
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Left frontal lobe hypoactivation1,2,5
Difficult temperament, such as negative affect, difficult to soothe, and lower activity1
Insecure attachment1
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Early childhood
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Dysregulated growth hormone process2,3
Left frontal lobe hypoactivation2,5
Temperament: inhibited, socially reticent and easily upset2,4
Subsyndromal symptoms and dysthymia4
Insecure attachment1
Hostile to peers, socially inhibited4
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Poor grades/achievement1,3
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