Preventing Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders Among Young People: Progress and Possibilities

TABLE E-4 Risk Factors for Anxiety

Developmental Period	Context
Developmental Period	Individual	Family	School and Peers	Neighborhood and Community
Preconception/prenatal	Genetic predisposition³
Infancy		Insecure attachment³ Marital satisfaction¹ Discrepant coparenting¹ Parental modeling of anxiety¹	Specific traumatic experiences¹	Specific traumatic experiences³
Early childhood	Behavioral inhibition²^,³	Marital conflict¹ Negative events²^,³	Specific traumatic experiences² Negative events²^,³ Lack of control experiences	Specific traumatic experiences² Negative life events²^,³ Lack of control experiences
Middle childhood	Behavioral inhibition²^,³ Disgust sensitivity³ Cognitive development allows cognitive errors³	Parental anxiety²; parental overcontrol²^,³ Rejection¹^,³ Anxious childrearing³ Parents model, prompt, and reinforce threat appraisals and avoidant behavior² Marital conflict¹; poor marital adjustment¹ Negative events²^,³	Specific traumatic experiences² Negative events²^,³ Lack of control experiences	Specific traumatic experiences² Negative life events²^,³ Lack of control experiences
Adolescence	Behavioral inhibition²^,³ Disgust sensitivity³ Cognitive development allows cognitive errors³	Marital conflict¹ Family conflict¹